17. Problem
• Insufficient access to the community or
resources
– Cricket fans travelling to United States
– Deeply passionate
– Desire to connect to the game
21. General focus
• Cricket fans
– International students who currently study or
work after studies in United States
22. Common Problems
• Survey
– Awareness about local club
– Finding the community
– Lack of media
– Lack of infrastructure and resources
– Unaffordable cost and inaccessibility of equipments
– Lack of recognition and awareness about cricket
– Less commitment and time availability to cricket due to studies
and work
– Weather
– University rules for clubs
23. Narrowed focus
• Cricket fans in Bloomington
• Passionate about cricket and desire to connect to
cricket
• Primarily enter US as students
• Especially on how they connect to cricket in
Bloomington
26. Primary research
• Joined and participated in the IUBCC club
– Weekly games and occasional tournaments on
special holidays
• Observed club’s activity in Google groups
• Interviewed administrator and new club
members
• Design sessions
27. IUBCC
• IUBCC (Indiana University Bloomington –
Cricket Club)
– Cricket club registered under Indiana University
– Primarily consists of international students
28. More about IUBCC
• Cricket games played twice a week generally
on weekends
• Google groups used as the primary tool for
organizing and communicating about games
29. Interview with administrator
• Responsibilities as admin of IUBCC
– Scheduling and finding adequate number of people to play every week
– Finding resources
– Problems of expanding as well as managing the club
– Co-ordinate meetings
– Organizing tournaments
30. Interview with administrator
• Desire
– Helping the sport reach out to maximum people
and create more awareness
• Current approaches
– Orientation
– Word-of-mouth
31. Interview with new members
• Methods they used to find about the club
• Friends
– Existing members
– Not a member but did knew about the club
– Other new club members who are socially well
connected
32. Insights
• Primary methods of spreading awareness
– Word-of-mouth and social network
• Factors in spreading the awareness
– Driven by chance
– Cost and effort
33. Design sessions
• Approaches to find activity/club in local area
– Websites and web services
• Google search, Google Maps, Websites
– Social connections
• Friends, Facebook
– Self-exploration
– Professional place
– Accidental
34. Insights
• Web presence
– Increases the chance of finding relevant
community
– Easy to tie up with social networks while
maintaining the uniqueness
36. HCI and Sports
Watching experience
• Rich sensory experience using audio tools
– Weldon, M. 2006. Audio tools for sports fan interaction. In CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
(Montréal, Québec, Canada, April 22 - 27, 2006). CHI '06. ACM, New York, NY, 1511-1516
• Mixed reality based experience
– Bardzell, J., Bardzell, S., Birchler, C., and Ryan, W. 2007. Double dribble: illusionism, mixed reality, and the sports fan experience.
In Proceedings of the international Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (Salzburg, Austria, June 13 - 15,
2007). ACE '07, vol. 203. ACM, New York, NY, 216-219
• Improved control over television watching
– Lynn, S. G., Olsen, D. R., and Partridge, B. G. 2009. Time warp football. In Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on
European interactive Television Conference (Leuven, Belgium, June 03 - 05, 2009). EuroITV '09. ACM, New York, NY, 77-86
37. HCI and Sports
Playing experience
• Technology to facilitate synchronous long-distance sports
– Mueller, F., Stevens, G., Thorogood, A., O'Brien, S., and Wulf, V. 2007. Sports over a Distance. Personal Ubiquitous Comput. 11,
8 (Dec. 2007), 633-645. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00779-006-0133-0.
• Technology which endures the intensity of several sports
– Mueller, F. '., Agamanolis, S., Vetere, F., and Gibbs, M. 2009. Brute force interactions: leveraging intense physical actions in
gaming. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the Australian Computer-Human interaction Special interest Group: Design:
Open 24/7 (Melbourne, Australia, November 23 - 27, 2009). OZCHI '09, vol. 411. ACM, New York, NY, 57-64
• Mixed reality based experience
– Bardzell, J., Bardzell, S., Birchler, C., and Ryan, W. 2007. Double dribble: illusionism, mixed reality, and the sports fan experience.
In Proceedings of the international Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (Salzburg, Austria, June 13 - 15,
2007). ACE '07, vol. 203. ACM, New York, NY, 216-219
38. HCI and Sports
Socializing aspect
• Computer supported collaborative sports (CSCS)
– “Exploration into the design of computer applications which require sport-like input
activities to achieve collective game experiences, mainly executed over a distance”
– Computer supported collaborative play (CSCP) focusing more on fun and play
• Wulf V, Moritz EF, Henneke C, Al-Zubaidi K, Stevens G (2004) Computer supported collaborative sports: creating social
spaces filled with sports activities. In: Proceedings of 3rd international conference educational computing (ICEC 2004),
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, LNCS, pp 80–89
• Mueller, F., Stevens, G., Thorogood, A., O'Brien, S., and Wulf, V. 2007. Sports over a Distance. Personal Ubiquitous
Comput. 11, 8 (Dec. 2007), 633-645. DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00779-006-0133-0. DOI=
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00779-006-0133-0
39. Insights
• Existing sports fan community
• Focus so far
– Enhance watching and playing experience
– Long-distance playing as opposed to local
40. HCI and Connectedness
Fostering a sense of community
• Promoting chance encounters, long-distance sports, multi-point
communication
• Design nuggets
– “Balance togetherness and uniqueness”
– “Design for investment and growth”
Agamanolis, S. (2003) Designing displays for Human Connectedness. In Public and Situated Displays. Social and Interactional Aspects of
Shared Display Technologies. K. O'Hara, M. Perry, E. Churchill and Russell, D. (Eds), Kluwer, 2003, 309-334
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.59.5456&rep=rep1&type=pdf
41. Insights
• Views of social bonding through sports
– One emphasizes on the socializing factor where the game becomes a tool
– Other emphasizes on game where socialization is only a part of the game
• Assumptions in long-distance sports tools
– People are connected to or know each other, at least they have a common
context
42. Cricket & baseball in US
• “blood brothers separated at birth but
genetically linked”
• Ancestor games - stool ball and trap ball
• Cricket game in US
• America’s leading ball game in 1855
• Downfall after the Civil War
• Implications
• Baseball took over cricket
• Fast-paced lifestyle in US prohibited the growth of
cricket
“Swinging away- How Cricket and Baseball Connect” – Beth Hise
43. Insights
• Cultural and social conditions shape history of
the game
• Cricket has to compete with and adapt
elements from baseball
44. Critical analysis of Google groups
• Juxtaposed the club members’ need against
what the Google groups offers
45. Insights
• Google groups not customized for the rich
communication between the members
– “Discussions” were used to schedule weekly matches and often lacked
rich information such as weather, tracking the count of people playing
etc.,
– Quantitative approach to classify members
• Features such as rating a person which did not align with the
contribution to the club
46. Summary – Approach
• Approach
– General focus
• Cricket fans
– Survey and narrow focus
• Cricket fans, primarily entering Bloomington, IN, US as
students
47. Summary - Research
• Research
– Primary
• Participation, observation, interviews & design sessions
• Current approaches to connect & challenges
– Web, social network, self-exploratory, chance-driven
48. Summary - Research
• Research
– Literature review
• HCI & Sports, HCI & Connectedness, cricket & baseball
in US
• Current focus on community, social aspect & remote
bonding, culture & historical influence
49. Summary - Research
• Research
– Critical analysis
• Google groups used by IUBCC admin & members
• Lack of richness and quantitative approach
51. Criconnect
• Design decisions & intentions
• Features
• Criconnect 1.0
• Criconnect 2.0
• Scenario
• Sponsors
• Other sports
• For HCI
52. Problems/Barriers
• Awareness of when/where/how to
• Finding time
• Resources (equipment, transport, grounds,
medical etc.,)
• Sustaining the passion
• Unaffordable cost
53. Problems/Barriers
• Ensuring sufficient number of people are there
for playing
• Weather
• Sustaining cricket amidst new culture
• Overcoming gender and cultural bias
• Educating children
58. Values
• “Ultimate particular”
• ‘The Design Way: Intentional Change in an unpredictable World : Foundations and Fundamentals of Design Competence’ - Harold G.
Nelson, Erik Stolterman
• Intentional
• Practical
• Highly useful to fans
60. Design decisions & intentions
• Website
• Very accessible for students
– Intention
• Must provide rich contextual information Take into
account limitations on time, cost and transport
61. Design decisions & intentions
• Intention
– Primarily encourage playing compared to watching,
at least weekly basis
• Rich embodied experience
• Chances of high bonding with the community
• Health benefits
– Promotion of interest and awareness in cricket among locals
– Contributes to community development in long term
62. Design decisions & intentions
• Intention
– Low or no cost
– Continued access to cricket even after location
change
• Students should have access to cricket if they need to
move to new place because of work or studies
63. Design decisions & intentions
• Website
• Encourage playing at least on a weekly basis
• Low or no cost
• Continued access to cricket
66. Features
• Playing information - when, where, duration,
directions, weather
• Watching information
• Announcements and calendar
• Gallery of pictures & videos from past matches
• Forums for members to talk about cricket, planning
tournaments etc.,
• Sponsor pages where they list special
information/discounts
67. Features
• Tools/apps for umpiring, scoring, helping maintain
fitness etc.,
• Profile for each player - scores recorded etc.,
• Services/plans for injury, how to avoid injury
• Social network plugins to connect & spread cricket
awareness
• Tools for teaching and training school children &
locals
68. Criconnect 1.0
• Creating awareness about local cricket playing
schedule
• Giving more rich information
– Targeted especially towards new cricket fans
73. Feedback
• Calendar
• Transport and map become less important
over period
• Only email information on the site
• For contact, carpools etc.,
74. Criconnect 2.0
• Watching games with groups
• Scheduling and collecting responses for game
• Connecting to cricket in a new place
• Text version and calendar view
• Adding weather info on the thumbnail
75.
76.
77.
78. Prototype & evaluation
• Paper mock-ups
• Evaluation
– Usefulness, ease of use, usability and likelihood of
the system used in a new place
80. Week #2 in US
Bloomington, Indiana
Comes to know about Criconnect through web
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102. Year #1 in US
Bloomington, IN
Registered member and administrator
Signed-in, RSVP for existing game, create new
game as well as schedule weekly club game
122. Sponsors
• USA Cricket Association
– Expanding cricket
• Cultural centers
– Preserving and showcasing culture
• Local ethnic restaurants/vendors
– Serve culture, not just food
123. Other sports
• Soccer/football, hockey and many other sports
fans
– Especially who travel to a new place/culture
– Not necessarily students
124. For HCI
• Intimacy with activities in addition to intimacy
between people
– CHI 2011 “leveraging our diversity and connecting
people, cultures, technologies, experiences, and
ideas”(http://chi2011.org/index.html)
• Empowering impromptu/dynamic communities
• Personal, social and entertainment
126. New things I learnt
• First hand experience with “client”
• Being a cricket fan played a huge role
• Astounded by passion of few fans
127. Things could have been done better
• Critical analysis & comparison of Facebook groups
• Better focus on Google groups critical analysis
• Design session to create a game which participants will play
on a weekly basis
– Unclear instructions
• Using personas to critique and strengthen the design
– Insufficient design detail to completely use personas
• Design evaluation through mobile phone
129. How long can it be active
• Till sponsored, managed and curated by USA
Cricket Association
• Till cultural, socio-economic changes
– People’s interest in cricket and how they view it
130. From human perspective
• Allows people to do what they are really
passionate about
– With people they prefer
– With people who appreciate it
133. Summary
• Problem
– Insufficient access to cricket community
• Approach
– Bloomington cricket fans
• Research
– Current approaches, literature review, critical
analysis
134. Summary
• Criconnect
– Design decisions & intentions
• Website, Low or no cost, Continued access,Highly
useful
– Features
• Playing & watching schedule, schedule & RSVP for game
– Sponsors, Other sports, For HCI
135. Attributions
• Cricket ball (opening/ending slides and poster) (http://blog.citylets.co.uk/wp-
content/uploads/2007/10/cricket-ball.jpg ) (free to share with attribution)
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/in/deed.en)
• Cricket insect(http://www.flickr.com/photos/richardsinyem/1139629962/in/photostream/) (free to share &
remix)
• Cricket game(http://www.flickr.com/photos/somethingness/3739968670/sizes/l/) (free to share & remix)
• Cricket ground (http://www.flickr.com/photos/sowri/2228556362/sizes/l/) (free to share with attribution)
• Age and place (http://www.flickr.com/photos/ampersandyslexia/3258490209/sizes/o/) (free to share &
remix with attribution)
• Cricket kids(http://www.flickr.com/photos/mckaysavage/1396038336/sizes/o/) (free to share & remix with
attribution)
• Gender (http://www.flickr.com/photos/rishabh_m/5434107646/sizes/o/) (free to share & remix with
attribution)
• Screenshots of Meetup.com, Goby.com, Google Maps with Cricket near Bloomington, IN, USA accessed
on 5/16/2011
• Cricket passionate fan(http://www.flickr.com/photos/adwentures/3160405317/sizes/o/in/photostream/)
(free to share & remix with attribution)
137. For Capstone
Erik Stolterman, Marty Siegel and Jeff Bardzell
IUBCC, Ashish Karia, Eran, Dhairya, Rohan Rajawade, Kshitish,
Suhas, Mudit, Kartik Trivedi, Anuj Patel, Ramya, Srikanth and
everyone who took the survey
Robert, Dan, Anna Eaglin, Elisha, Nina Mehta, Kathleen, Ammar,
Xiying, Matt Edwards, Sarah, Sam Shahrani, Fanxing, Chris Basham,
Jeremiah, Joy, John Wayne, Anjana, Juntao, Chitmeng, Tianlu,Yuebo,
Apurva, Thalith,Vidya, Gopi and Ragesh
138. For Master’s
Erik, Marty, Jeff, Shaowen and Eli
Vidya, Gopi, Chad,Yujia, Moe, Casey and all my
IDP mentors
My awesome HCI-d cohort 2011
