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- 1. How were civilians affected by World War 1? Aim: To revise key details about the British Home Front during the First World War http://www.mrallsophistory.com/powerpoint/ww1.ppt
- 2. • Britain enters an European war • Germany invades Belgium that was supposed not to be invaded . • Britain declares war on Germany.
- 3. Queen Victoria Grandsons George V Nicholas II Kaiser William II British King Russian King German King
- 4. August 1914 • There was a great enthusiasm over all europe (from both sides). • They thought they would be victorious and that the war would be over by Christmas.
- 5. Britain: Censorship: • soldier´s letters • Newspapers • Photographs of dead or injured soldiers. • Reports aimed to: – Maintain morale – Encourage civilians to support the war effort – Create hatred and suspicion of the enemy
- 6. Recruitment • Initial recruitment used posters, leaflets, etc. to build an army quickly • What is the message of this poster? • How would this poster encourage men to join the army?
- 8. Recruitment 0 100 200 300 400 500 Recruits(thousands) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Recruitment of volunteers to the army, 1914-15 1914 1915
- 9. • Voluntary recruitment was decreasing, but the demand for troops was increasing • Voluntary recruitment didn’t share the burden between all parts of society • Conscription introduced in 1916 • All men aged 18-40 had to register • They could be called up to fight at any time
- 10. • Battleships were so precious that admirals didn´t risk them at battle. • British blockade german ports to prevent food and other supplies from being imported. • Germany was short on food in 1918. In reply, they sent submarines to sink britain merchant ships. • Britain bought food from neutral countries.
- 11. Rationing • In April 1917, German U-Boats were sinking one in every four British merchant ships • Britain was running out of food
- 12. Rationing • In 1917 voluntary rationing began, led by the royal family • In 1918 compulsory rationing began – Sugar – Butter – Meat – Beer
- 13. The Brown Family’s Four War Christmas • What is happening in each frame? • Explain why these things are happening, based on what you know about life on the Home Front