2. GROUP LEADER
13CH01 SAEED AHMED MEMON
GROUP MEMBERS
13CH101 SYED OWAIS SHAH
13CH104 AIZAZ QURASHI
13CH106 AAFAQUE HUSSAIN SIYAL

3. BFD & PFD

4. Chemical processes technology are used to
produce chemical products and are by definition
processes which include chemical transformation.
Many chemicals are mixed with other chemicals
to produce formulations suitable for consumer
use. These include consumer products such as
paints, fragrances, Cement, Urea, Fertilizers,
pesticides and medicinal products.

5. Chemical processes consist of a number of
sequential and integrated operations carried out
in appropriate equipment.
For example Chemical reaction carried out in a
Chemical reactor.

6. The precise operations, sequence of operations
and equipment specifications depend on the
nature of the process, operating conditions,
materials used and product produced.

7. Operation
Chemical reaction
Distillation
column
Filtration
Drying
Fluid transport
Equipment
Reactor
Distillation
Filter units
Dryers (various types)
Pipes, valves, pumps etc

8. Flow sheets are used to describe the operating details
of Chemical processes.
It describes
*Schematic representations
*Arrangement of equipment
*Interconnections
*Movement of material
*Stream connections
*Stream flows/quantities
*Stream compositions
*Operating conditions

9. Types Of Flow Sheets :
1: Flowcharts (Block Flow Diagrams)
2: Process Flow sheets (Process Flow Diagram)
3: Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (PID)

10. (Flowcharts)
A flowchart is a formalized graphic
representation of a logic sequence , work or
manufacturing process, organization chart, or
similar formalized structure. The purpose of a
flow chart is to provide people with a common
language or reference point when dealing with a
project or process. Flowcharts use simple
geometric symbols and arrows to define
relationships.

12. (Process Flow sheets)
A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) or System Flow
Diagram (SFD) shows the relationships between the
major components in the system. PFD also tabulate
process design values for the components in different
operating modes, typical minimum, normal and
maximum. A PFD does not show minor components,
piping systems, piping ratings and designations.
OR
A schematic representation of the sequence of all
relevant operations occurring during a process and
includes information considered desirable for
analysis.

13. A PFD should include:
♦ Process Piping
♦ Major equipment symbols, names and identification
numbers
♦ Control, valves and valves that affect operation of
the system
♦ Interconnection with other systems
♦ Major bypass and recirculation lines
♦ System ratings and operational values as minimum,
normal and maximum flow, temperature and
pressure
♦ Composition of fluids

15. The purpose of PFD is generally as follows:
1. Plant design basis
PFD shows the plant design basis indicating
feedstock, product and main streams flow rates and
operating conditions.
2: Scope of process
PFD serves to identify the scope of the process.
3. Equipment configuration
PFD shows graphically the arrangement of major
equipment, process lines and main control loops.
4. Required utilities
PFD shows utilities which are used continuously in the
process…

16. THE END
Thank you for your
precious time. 