Este documento, cujo tema é o desenvolvimento populacional e as políticas populacionais da China, foi apresentado durante a reunião plenária da Comissão Nacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento (CNPD), realizada no dia 20 de fevereiro, em Brasília. Autor: Mr. Wang Qian. Leia mais em: www.sae.gov.br

1. Mr. Wang Qian
National Health and Family Planning Commission, PRC
2014.03.01
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Population Development and
Population Policies in China

2. Population Development in China
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

3. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
In 1949 the total population of China
was 540 million, accounting for 1/4 of
world population at that time.
In 1970, 830 million

4. To control population growth, the Chinese
Government advocated family planning in
cities in 1960s, and then in both cities and
rural areas in early 1970s
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

5. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
In 1982, family planning was announced as a
fundamental national policy written into the
constitution, and the population planning was
also included into the National Planning for
Social and Economic Development. In
December 2001, the Population and Family
Planning Law of the People's Republic of China
was enacted.

6. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Family planning related organs were
set up in all levels of government, and
dedicated family planning workers were
assigned in each village or community. In
addition, a large number of NGOs sprang
up, such as China Family Planning
Association which is the largest NGO in
China, with current members amounting to
90 million.

7. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Government launched continuous and
extensive communication and education
campaign and also offered free
contraceptives such as condom and other
contraceptive services to the masses.
Use
Contr
acept
ives
Do not
use

8. Contraceptive Mix of Married Women in
2012已婚妇女避孕方法构成（2012年）
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

9. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
CBR CDR NIR

10. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Sticking to harmonious coordination between
population development and socio-economic
development, the Chinese Government is
closely integrating family planning with
women empowerment, poverty reduction in
rural areas and universal health, and is
particularly integrating maternal and child
health care with reproductive health.

11. 婴儿死亡率(IMR)： in 1991 , 50.2‰
in 2012, 10.3‰
孕产妇死亡率(MMR)：
in 1991, 80/100,000
in 2012, 24.5/100,000
Average Live Expectancy：
Mid of 20th Century：about 37
in 2010：74.83
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

12. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

13. Impoverished population in rural areas
in 1978: 250 million
end of 2010 : 26.88million
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

14. Population Dividend：
Higher proportion of working population
and lower proportion of dependent
population
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

15. illiteracy rate：early of 1950’s，80%
in 2000，6.72%
in 2010，4.08%
Average schooling years：
1980’s，4years;
currently，9years
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

16. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Population Development Tendency,
Challenges and Countermeasures

17. Enormous yet ever-growing population
size.
1.36 billion by the end of 2013)
reach the peak 1.46 billion in around 2030.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

18. Shrinking family size.
in 1982，4.43
in 2000，3.44
in 2010，3.10
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

19. Accelerated population aging.
In 2012, the number of population aged above 65
totaled 127 million in 2012, or 9.7% of total
population.
It's projected that the total number of population
aged above 65 will exceed 300 million (about 1/5
of total population) in the period from 2035 to
2040.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

20. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Aged 60+
Aged 65+
Aged 80+
Rapid Growth of Aged Population

21. Continuously higher SRB. China's
SRB has been rising ever since 1980s
and reached 117.7 in 2012.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

22. Enormous migrant population.
In 2013，245 million，
In the near future, it's anticipated that
another 300 million of rural population
will migrate to cities, and the
urbanization rate will hit 70% by that
time.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

23. 23
Migrant size and average increase rate
6.57
18.1
70.73
221.43
147.35
102.29
21.35
0
50
100
150
200
250
1982 1987 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
Migrantsize(inmillion)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Annualincreaserate

24. 国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC
Note: China’s urbanization rate has reached 52.6% in 2012.
Urbanization Rate of the World, the U.K, Brazil, U.S.A,
Korea, France, Japan, China and India in 2010

25. 1、To uphold the fundamental national policy
of family planning in order to stabilize the
fertility level at around 1.8.
2 、 To enhance the quality of new-born
population and pay attention to human
resource accumulation.
3、To positively respond to population aging.
4 、 To curb the problem of high SRB and
promote gender equality.
5 、 To guide the orderly movement and
reasonable distribution of population.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

26. In general, the population policies
established and implemented by China
proceed from China's realities and have
taken the future development trend into
good consideration, all aiming to realize the
long-term balanced development of
population itself and the coordinated
development between population and
economy, society, resources and
environment.
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC

27. Thank you!
国家卫生和计划生育委员会 NHFPC