The document discusses different types of research articles, including primary research articles, review articles, and case studies. Primary research articles present original research findings and undergo peer review, while review articles summarize and critically evaluate previous research on a topic and may also be peer reviewed. Case studies provide an in-depth look at a single patient or case and aim to identify new areas for further research.

1. Danielle Carlock

2.  When conducting a search for evidence, there
are many types of articles you may run into.
 Primary research articles
 Review articles
 Case studies
 Others (news, editorials, etc)
 It is imperative to be able to distinguish
between these different article types

3.  Present findings/results of a research study
 The authors conducted the actual research (i.e.
primary)
 The article will include:
 Why-why are we doing this study
 How-detailed description of how carried out
 What-what was found and what does it mean
 2nd example
 Published in scholarly journals & undergo peer review

4.  Expert in the field of study (peers) evaluate an
article’s methodology, merit, and overall
unique contribution to knowledge PRIOR to
publication
 In the sciences and medicine, research is
almost universally peer reviewed

5.  A critical evaluation of recent research on a topic
 Are considered secondary sources
 Generally are subject to peer review
 Three main types:
 Literature reviews
 Systematic reviews
 Meta analyses

6.  An overview of a topic written by an expert in
the field
 No new contributions to research; instead are
summarizing the work of others
 In some ways similar to a research paper you
might write in college
 Example

7.  Uses a rigorous, pre-planned process to find and
synthesize the results of many primary studies
 Involves a search of the literature using
inclusion/exclusion criteria and then a
systematic synthesis of the results
 Considered a high level of evidence
 Example

8. 1. A systematic review is carried out to locate
high quality primary research on a topic
2. The results from these studies are
statistically combined in order to
summarize the overall outcome.
 Example

9.  A detailed report on one patient/case
 Draws conclusions only on one patient in one
context-i.e. not generalizable
 Descriptive
 Goal is to offer new directions for research;
ask new questions
 Example

10. Type of article Coverage Authorship Article ITSELF Article type
is peer appears in peer
reviewed reviewed
journals
Case study Describes Authors are Sometimes, Yes
one individual reporting on depends on the
patient their own case journal
Primary Describes one Authors are Yes Yes
research study reporting on
their own study
Review Summaries Authors are Usually Yes
many studies reporting on the
research of
others

11.  News articles
 Letters
 Editorials
 Book reviews
 Job announcements
 Obituaries of prominent members of the field

12. TYPES OF ARTICLES HOW REVIEWED
Primary research (primary)
By peers (peer review)
Review articles (secondary)
Editorials/commentaries (secondary)
News items (secondary)
Letters (secondary) By editor (i.e. no peer review)
Book reviews (secondary)
Any other article which is secondary
(including magazine articles)
NOTE: ALL OF THESE ARTICLE TYPES CAN APPEAR IN A PEER REVIEWED
JOURNAL

13.  News
 **Research articles
 Letters to the editor
 **Review articles
 Job announcements
 Obituaries
**=peer reviewed
 Book reviews
 Advertisements

14. Is the author
presenting their own
research?
Yes No
It is a Secondary article.
It is a Primary article Is it a summary or
and it is peer reviewed. critique of previous
research?
Yes No
It is peer reviewed It is not peer reviewed