bromfenac drug profile

1. BROMFENAC
Cairo University
Faculty of Pharmacy
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
304

3. BROMFENAC
 Generic Name: Bromfenac.
 Trade Name: Prolensa , Bromday & Xibrom.
 Dosage Form: Ophthalmic Solution 0.09% , Oral
(Duract).
 Pharmacological Class: Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs
(NSAIDs).
 Class: Benzene & Substituted Derivatives.
 Super Class: Benzenoids.
 Sub Class: Benzophenones.

4. Mode of Action
 Bromfenac is one of NSAIDs.
 It blocks the prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting COX-1 &
COX-2 which are produced by Arachidonic acid.

5. Pharmacological actions
Bromfenac PG
- Elevates thermo regulator BRAIN -Anti Pyretic.
center fever.
- Sensitivity of pain -Analgesic.
mediators on pain receptors.
LUNG
- Bronchoconstriction -Bronchodilation
asthma

6. PG Stomach Bromfenac
- Mucous HCL - Peptic ulcer
- Protect from peptic
ulcer.
Kidney
- V.D of afferent - GFR Renal failure.
renal blood flow
Glomerular filtration rate.

7. PG Blood vessels Bromfenac
-PGI2 (Endothelium) -V.C:
V.D platelet aggregation 1) Hypertension.
-TXA2 (Platelet) 2) Myocardial
V.C platelet aggregation infarction.

8. PG EYE Bromfenac
-Inflammation. -Control ocular
- drainage of aqueous humor. Inflammation.
- Intraocular pressure. - IOP.
-Glaucoma.

9. Pharmacokinetics
• Absorption:
Bromfenac when taken during fasting is rapidly absorbed with
maximum plasma drug concentration reached in 1 hour.
• Distribution:
At therapeutic plasma concentration Bromfenac is extensively
bound to plasma protein.
• Metabolism:
- The major metabolic pathway involving Hepatic
transformation.

10. - One third of orally administrated dose subjected to first pass
metabolism in liver & gut wall.
• Elimination:
Bromfenac Glucoronide
Excreted in
urine
Is transformed to
which

11.  Factors affecting kinetics of drug:
1) Renal disease.
2) Hepatic disease.
3) Aging.

12. Therapeutic Uses
 Oral Bromfenac:
1) Relieve Pain.
2) Reduce Inflammation.
3) Treat Headaches.
4) Muscle aches.
5) Menstrual cramps.
6) Reduce Fever.
7) Athletic Injuries.
 Ophthalmic Bromfenac:
Treat swelling and pain in eye after a certain type of eye surgery
(cataract surgery).

13. Drug Interaction
Drug Name Reason Picture
1) Aspirin - risk of peptic ulcer.
- risk of bleeding.
2) Alcohol Can or the effect
of drug.
3) Alrex Corticosteroid may
delay ocular wound
healing.
4) Acetylcholine
intraocular
- Intraoperative
miosis.

14. Drug Name Reason Picture
5) Warfarin risk of ocular
bleeding post
operation.
6) Amaryl blood sugar level
Nausea, tremors, hunger
& sweating.
7) Capsicum, Ibuprofen
& Omega-3 acid
risk of ocular
bleeding post
operation
8) Bisoprolol, Enalapril &
Capoten (captopril)
Bromfenac effect of
them in lowering the
blood pressure.

15.  Food Interaction:
1) Food significantly decrease the level of bromfenac.
2) Patients must avoid eating a high fat meal.
3) Taking bromfenac on an empty stomach at least 30 min
before or 2hr after meal this makes its absorption
easier.

16. Adverse Reactions
Gastrointestinal System:
1) Dyspepsia.
2) Abdominal pain & Flatulence.
3) Nausea & Vomiting.
4) Gastritis & Pancreatitis.
5) Dry mouth & Peptic ulcer.
Nervous System:
1) Dizziness & Abnormal dreams.
2) Amnesia & Anxiety.
3) Confusion, Depression & Hallucination.
4) Insomnia & Tremors.

17. Cardiovascular System:
1) Hypertension.
2) Migraine.
3) Myocardial Infarction & Vasodilatation.
Respiratory System:
1) Asthma.
2) Cough & Hyperventilation.
Dermatologic:
1) Alopecia.
2) Skin rash infections.
3) Skin ulcer & urticaria.
4) Sweating.

18. Ocular System:
1) Abnormal vision.
2) Lacrimation.
3) Sensitivity to light.
4) Difficulty of seeing at night.
5) Eye pain.
Metabolic Effect:
1) Increased blood urea nitrogen.
2) Edema.
3) Hypoglycemia & Hypokalemia.
4) Increased serum creatinine.

19. Summary
1)Ocular system:
-Abnormal vision.
-Lacrimation.
2)Respiratory system:
-Asthma.
-Cough & Hyperventilation.
3)CVS:
-Myocardial infarction.
4)Gastrointestinal system:
-Abdominal pain.
-Peptic ulcer.

20. Precautions
 Sulfite allergic reactions:
Sulfite may cause allergic reactions (anaphylactic symptoms) especially
in asthmatic patients.
 Slow or delayed healing.
 Potential for cross-sensitivity:
1) Cross-sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs.
2) So it must be used for treating individuals who have previously
exhibited sensitivities to these drugs.

21.  Increased bleeding time:
Bromday (ophthalmic) is must be used with caution in:
1) Patients with bleeding tendencies.
2) Patients who take drugs that prolong bleeding time.
 Keratitis & Corneal reactions:
1) Use of topical NSAIDS may cause keratitis.
2) Patients with corneal epithelial breakdown must stop using of
topical NSAIDs.
3) Should be used with caution in patients with:
- Complicated ocular surgeries.
- Corneal denervation.
- Diabetes mellitus.

22.  Pregnancy & Lactation:
1) Not recommended during last 3 months as :
- It can harm an unborn baby.
- It can interfere with normal delivery.
2) Not known if the drug passes to mother’s milk or not.

23. Referances
1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bromfenac
2) http://www.rxlist.com/xibrom-drug.htm
3) http://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-92888-
Bromfenac+Opht.aspx?drugid=92888&drugname=Bromfenac+Opht
4) http://www.medicinenet.com/bromfenac-oral/
article.html
5) http://www.drugs.com/drugs.com/drug-interaction/bromfenac.html
6) Pharmacological 1 book , faculty of pharmacy Cairo university
7) Information from some pharmacists.
8) Rapid review pharmacology book.
9) Applied pharmacology book.
10) Body’s human pharmacology.
11) National journal of physiology,pharmacy&pharmacology.
12) International journal of pharmacology.

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