Giftedness: Understanding Everyday Neurobiology for Self-Knowledge
6. abc and maternal resusctation rev_19.5.10
1. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool Associates in Tropical Health
Airway, Breathing andAirway, Breathing and
CirculationCirculation
2. AimsAims
To understand the ABC and D approachTo understand the ABC and D approach
To develop and practise the skills ofTo develop and practise the skills of
cardiopulmonary resuscitation using the ABCcardiopulmonary resuscitation using the ABC
approachapproach
To achieve competence in those skillsTo achieve competence in those skills
3. Airway, Breathing and CirculationAirway, Breathing and Circulation
Assessment of any sick patient begins with ABCAssessment of any sick patient begins with ABC
Done in this order because airway and/orDone in this order because airway and/or
breathing problem will kill before a circulationbreathing problem will kill before a circulation
problemproblem
You assess airway and breathing,You assess airway and breathing, and treatand treat,,
and then assess circulationand then assess circulation and treatand treat
4. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
‘‘Hello how are you MrsHello how are you Mrs
Tilt?’Tilt?’
If no response:If no response:
Assess if patient isAssess if patient is
breathing or notbreathing or not
5. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
LookLook for breathing byfor breathing by
looking for movementlooking for movement
of the chestof the chest
ListenListen for breathingfor breathing
or noisy breathingor noisy breathing
FeelFeel for breathingfor breathing
6. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
If not breathing orIf not breathing or
difficult breathing:difficult breathing:
Open airway byOpen airway by
head tilthead tilt andand chinchin
liftlift
8. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
Gentle suctionGentle suction if necessary under direct visionif necessary under direct vision
9. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
If still not breathing:If still not breathing:
place oropharyngeal airwayplace oropharyngeal airway
10. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
If still not breathing:If still not breathing:
give rescue breathsgive rescue breaths
11. Airway and BreathingAirway and Breathing
If breathing:If breathing:
givegive oxygenoxygen
(if available)(if available)
Sit patient upSit patient up (if alert)(if alert)
or place inor place in recoveryrecovery
positionposition
14. CirculationCirculation
Pregnant uterus compresses vena cavaPregnant uterus compresses vena cava
causing BP to dropcausing BP to drop
‘‘Hello Mrs Tilt’……..Hello Mrs Tilt’……..
15. CirculationCirculation
Place iv lines, take bloods, start iv fluidsPlace iv lines, take bloods, start iv fluids
Why is there a circulation problem?Why is there a circulation problem?
Stop bleedingStop bleeding
Treat infectionTreat infection
16. Cardiopulmonary resuscitationCardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR)(CPR)
This is the approach to an apparentlyThis is the approach to an apparently
lifeless patientlifeless patient
It is a rapid assessment ofIt is a rapid assessment of
AAirway andirway and BBreathing andreathing and CCirculationirculation
starting treatment quicklystarting treatment quickly
17. Ensure you are not putting yourself atEnsure you are not putting yourself at
risk!risk!
Is it safe to approach?Is it safe to approach?
18. Shake and shoutShake and shout
Hello how are you?Hello how are you?
If no response, callIf no response, call
or send for helpor send for help
Tilt to left lateralTilt to left lateral
position if greaterposition if greater
than 20 weeksthan 20 weeks
pregnantpregnant
19. Open the AirwayOpen the Airway
Turn onto back andTurn onto back and
open airwayopen airway
Head tilt or chin lift orHead tilt or chin lift or
jaw thrustjaw thrust
Assess breathing andAssess breathing and
feel for a pulse for 10feel for a pulse for 10
secondsseconds
Look, listen, feel
Palpate carotid pulse
for 10 seconds
20. No breathing, No pulseNo breathing, No pulse
Start chestStart chest
compressionscompressions
21. Chest compressionsChest compressions
place heel of firstplace heel of first
hand on lower part ofhand on lower part of
sternumsternum
place heel of secondplace heel of second
hand on top of firsthand on top of first
interlock fingersinterlock fingers
22. Chest compressionsChest compressions
Keep arms straightKeep arms straight
and depress sternumand depress sternum
4-5 cm at a rate of4-5 cm at a rate of
100 compressions per100 compressions per
minuteminute
Change the personChange the person
delivering thedelivering the
compressions tocompressions to
avoid getting tiredavoid getting tired
23. Give 30 compressions:2 breathsGive 30 compressions:2 breaths
Give 2 slow breathsGive 2 slow breaths
each lasting about 1each lasting about 1
secondsecond
Watch for chest riseWatch for chest rise
Give oxygen ifGive oxygen if
availableavailable
24. If breathingIf breathing
Turn into recovery positionTurn into recovery position
Check pulse, BP and FHCheck pulse, BP and FH
Regularly reassessRegularly reassess
AssessAssess DD, DISABILITY (level of consciousness), DISABILITY (level of consciousness)
AA-Alert,-Alert, VV-respond to voice,-respond to voice, PP-respond to pain,-respond to pain,
UU - Unresponsive- Unresponsive
27. AAirway beforeirway before BBreathing beforereathing before CCirculationirculation
OpenOpen AAirway and maintain, give oxygenirway and maintain, give oxygen
Check forCheck for BBreathing, assist if necessaryreathing, assist if necessary
AssessAssess C and don’t forget left lateral tiltC and don’t forget left lateral tilt
TreatTreat CC problemproblem
RECAP-1RECAP-1
28. IN PARTNERSHIP WITH
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Liverpool Associates in Tropical Health
RECAP-2RECAP-2
The approach to an apparently lifeless
patient
Remember: CALL FOR HELP!
ABC approach
CPR 30:2
Left lateral tilt
Think about causes - 4 H’s, 4 T’s4 H’s, 4 T’s