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Jassim al hamad open substation automation system for oil & gas industry
- 1. Open Substation Automation System March 2011 Jassim Al Hamad
- 2. CONTENTS IEC61850 Foundations PowerMAX Main Components Automatic Control Algorithms Aramco Uthmaniyah GOSPS Open Substation Automation 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 4 1 5
- 6. IEC 61850 Architecture Concept VT CT Process Bus Station Bus Substation Host IED3 IED2 IED1 SCADA
- 8. Protection, Communication Automation, Synchrophasor SEL-451
- 9. Open Substation Automation System OSAS POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VCS Meters Text Protection Relays COMMUNICATIONS DFR SCADA System Automatic Generation Control Flexible Load Shedding Automatic Islanding Engineering Databases
- 11. Interactive Single Line Diagram Monitor, Control, and Data Logging
- 12. Communications Monitoring Quick reference of the communication topology Color coded status indicators
- 14. Alarming with Historical Logging View a summary of active and previous alarms
- 15. Security Multilevel username/password access for settings and control functions
- 17. Event Report Analysis Helps Find the Cause of Critical Events AC SEL ERATOR ® Report Server SEL-5040 Software automatically retrieves event reports for quick analysis
- 18. Harmonic Quantities From Real-Time Data and Waveform Captures
- 19. Transient and Disturbance Waveform Capture Analyzes Power Quality
- 20. SEL POWER MAX™ Combines Protection and Automation I/O Modules Substation Protection and Control POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VCS Meters Text Relays SCADA System Automatic Generation Control Flexible Load Shedding Automatic Islanding Engineering Databases COMMUNICATIONS
- 22. SEL Flexible Load Shedding Uses Protection Grade Devices Pre-loaded Topology of the Power System Status of Sources Status of Loads Operator Inputs Trigger Inputs Load-Shedding Outputs Calculation of Crosspoint Switch Multiply Crosspoint Switch
- 23. SEL Load Shedding Processor (LSP) uses the Crosspoint Switch Crosspoint Switch f t CB Opens Load-Shedding Outputs Trigger Inputs Preloaded and Ready to Go X Load 2 Bus Tie Loss of G4 X Loss of G3 X Loss of G2 Loss of G1 Load 1 Loads selected to Shed Contingency Load 3 X Load 4 X Load 5 X Load 6 X X X X X X
- 24. Common PowerMAX Screen: Load Shedding Interface: Load Priority Table
- 25. SEL POWER MAX™ Combines Protection and Automation I/O Modules Substation Protection and Control POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VCS Meters Text Relays SCADA System Automatic Generation Control Flexible Load Shedding Automatic Islanding Engineering Databases COMMUNICATIONS
- 27. SEL POWER MAX™ Combines Protection and Automation I/O Modules Substation Protection and Control POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VCS Meters Text Relays SCADA System Automatic Generation Control Flexible Load Shedding Automatic Islanding Engineering Databases COMMUNICATIONS
- 30. Common PowerMAX Screen: AGC/VCS Interface
- 31. SEL POWER MAX™ Combines Protection and Automation I/O Modules Substation Protection and Control POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VCS Meters Text Relays SCADA System Automatic Generation Control Flexible Load Shedding Automatic Islanding Engineering Databases COMMUNICATIONS
- 32. Automatic Detection and Separation Prevents Black Outs Ex: ‘De-coupling’ from an un-stable Power System(s)
- 33. Case Study Saudi ARAMCO Uthmaniya Five GOSP’s Aramco First IEC-61850 Project
- 34. Aramco First IEC-61850 OSAS LEVEL 1 TO OSAS NETWORK Ethernet Switch #1 Ethernet Switch #2 5 0” LCD ANNUNCIATOR 20” LCD (panel mounted) Keyboard & pointer (panel mounted) Event & Alarm Printer Non IEC 61850 IEDs/Relays SEL 3354 System Computing Platform OAS / EAS (panel mounted) (2) SEL2407 GPS Clock & Antenna To All IEDs (12) (2) SEL 2440 DPAC I/O Processor IEC 61850 compliant (11) (12) (1) SEL 3354 Comm. Processor IEC 61850 compliant (12) To Communication Building (12) (12) (12) RTU (1) Power Factor Control & LSS Panel IEC 61850 compliant (1) 5 0” LCD ANNUNCIATOR
- 35. Complete Power System Control
- 36. Complete Power System Control
- 37. Typical Incomer Front Look
- 38. Typical Incomer From Inside
- 39. Typical Feeder Front Look
- 40. Typical Feeder Front Look
- 42. Questions?
Notas del editor
- The protective relays have the same ‘look and feel’ as the SCADA system HMI screens. This means you train the operators once. The large display on the relay serves as a panel meter, eliminating the panel real estate and expense for additional meters. It also serves as indication of applied tags or permissives. In the event that the local HMI is not available, the relay serves as a backup operator interface.
- Discovery of IED : Self-description devices tell clients what data they will report. Comm. Configuration: four files types: SSD System Specification Description, SCD Substation Configuration Description, ICD IED capability Description, CID Configured IED description Polling of IED data on demand Reporting of data: Two party client- server: Spontaneously reports members of data sets triggered by:data changes,quality changes,periodic, buffered and unbuffered Unsolicited Text messages is out of scope ie. notification of event with event summary, automatically reported. Commanded or automatic control- select, select with values,cancel, operate, Time activated operate, command termination, SBO standard or enhanced System Values SV may required 1GHz networks due to amount of bandwidth on large systems Time Synchronization requires 1 order of magnitude more accurate than the time stamp accuracy– standard has 5 time performance most severe requires +/- 1usec. At this time SEL support IRIG-B but but may use IEEE 1588 if it is adopted by the standard. Configuration rev management is out of scope. SEL enable Engineering access out of scope: SEL adds Telnet FTP, tunnel serial. File transfer is defined only name size and timestamp, not file use, content or format. Alarm Callout dial-back out of scope Communication diagnostic out of scope. Enabled by SEL
- The protective relays have the same ‘look and feel’ as the SCADA system HMI screens. This means you train the operators once. The large display on the relay serves as a panel meter, eliminating the panel real estate and expense for additional meters. It also serves as indication of applied tags or permissives. In the event that the local HMI is not available, the relay serves as a backup operator interface.
- SEL multifunction relays, SEL remote I/O modules, and SEL meters in the above picture are used to gather data from the substation. The Power Management System algorithms acquire this information, make decisions, and send commands back to the substation IEDs. Closed loop, wide area control systems run on each of the SEL-1102 platforms. Servers are used for the SCADA system. Major pieces of the Power Management System include: Integrated, multifunction protective relays SCADA monitoring system Flexible load shedding Wide area voltage and MVAR control Automatic generation control (AGC) Automatic islanding detection, separation, and load restoration Complete diagnostic and engineering tools This is effectively a distributed control system specifically tailored for power systems.
- In summary, think of this as 4 levels (layers) of data: 1 – human machine interface ALARMS – top level view 2 – SOE data showing the sequence of events that led up to the ALARM on the HMI. 3 – Event Reports give you oscillographic ‘playback’ of the analog and digital data as indicated by the SOE data 4 – Control of the ‘settings’ of each each device
- We used a great application which takes the fast binary SER messages from each of the SEL relays and consolidates them into daily *.csv files. The files are then sorted and viewed with an SERviewer application. One ms timestamped SER viewing and data archiving finds problems fast!
- There are three major tools for investigating an event: Generalized SCADA alarms: These are typically where you spot the problem first. 1 ms detailed SER reports: These are used to further refine the source of the alarm. Detailed event reports: These come from the protective relays and provide oscillography of the event.
- Real-time harmonic monitoring is achieved with the SEL-7000 with the addition of the SEL-734 Revenue Metering System.
- The SEL-7000 provides additional analysis capability through digital fault recording. This recording is performed by the protective relays, thereby avoiding the additional cost and expense of a dedicated digital fault recorder.
- The next few slides discuss the Flexible Load Shedding application. Flexible high-speed load shedding prevents blackouts caused by a sudden loss of generation or a tie line.
- Proactively prevent frequency-based blackouts by shedding load within a few milliseconds. This algorithm continually calculates the amount of load necessary to shed for every possible loss of generation or intertie(s). It prioritizes all loads and sheds only those required to satisfy the contingency. Several thousand loads can be shed over any size of a system using SEL high-speed MIRRORED BITS communications.
- Total time between when a contingency input occurs and a load shedding signal is asserted varies from 12 to 57 ms (worst case) for up to 480 loads. The speed at which a load-shedding event action occurs depends on the following delays: • Input and output processing in the remote I/O modules. • Signal propagation between the remote I/O module and the SEL-2100 fail-over switch system. • Signal propagation between SEL-2100s and SEL-1102s. • Program execution time of the SEL-1102s.
- The next few slides discuss the Automatic Voltage Control System application. This application optimizes the MVAR output of generators, capacitors, and load tap changers (LTCs) to ride out major system disturbances.
- Optimally control all MVAR- or voltage-controlling active and passive components in your power system. These devices are all managed to provide the greatest rejection to power system disturbances. System interties and bus voltages are kept at set point while doing this. This system mitigates some forms of voltage-induced blackouts.
- The next few slides discuss the Automatic Generation Control (AGC) application. This application keeps adequate spinning reserve to assist during system disturbances.
- System interties can be controlled either for maximum system stability for a power system island, or they can be dispatched optimally for economic reasons. Generators are controlled for optimal economic dispatch.
- The next few slides discuss the Automatic Islanding (System Separation) and Islanding Detection applications. Automatic Islanding isolates your system from poor quality utility connections. Islanding Detection tells you when you have problems or are about to.