The document provides guidance on narrowing a research topic by adding layers such as subgroups, time periods, locations, methodologies, and related concepts. It advises representing the narrowed topic as overlapping areas in a diagram and includes examples of narrowing the topic of women's daily lives in the 19th century by specifying class, country, and source material.

1. Start with your topic

2. Narrow it down by adding a sub-topic

3. Think of other ways to narrow it down, like time…

4. or place…

6. Your narrowed topic is where all of these aspects overlap.

7. FOR EXAMPLE…

8. Topic: women’s daily lives

9. … middle- and upper-class

10. … in the early- to mid-19 th century