Esta presentación se preparó con motivo del seminario CTS, celebrado el martes 17 de septiembre de 2013, en el Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales (CCHS) del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, sobre: PRÁCTICAS DE MEDICIÓN MEDIOAMBIENTAL : PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA Y GLOBALIZACIÓN La titulamos, "Un diálogo en torno al aire de Madrid", y trataba de exponer una iniciativa de ciencia ciudadana para la medición distribuida de la calidad del aire. Ésta iniciativa ha sido desarrollada en Madrid entre septiembre de 2011 y septiembre 2013, se encuadra en un contexto de auge de la tecnología de Internet de las Cosas y las “Smart cities” a nivel global. Nace como contestación al rol pasivo, que instituciones y grandes empresas de las telecomunicaciones otorga al ciudadano, utilizándolo como mero sensor que alimenta conjuntos masivos de datos fuera de su alcance.

1. Data
Ci'zen
Driven
City
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
17
de
Sep'embre
2013,
Madrid
Sara
Alvarellos
Navarro
-­‐
@trecedejunio
César
García
Sáez
-­‐
@elsatch

2. Introduc'on
• DCDCity
is
a
ci'zen
science
project
to
improve
city
living
condi'ons
• Ci'zens
gather
data
about
what
they
most
care
about
• Small
scale
ac'ons
will
be
designed
and
replicated
aMerwards
• Example:
Air
Quality
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
2

3. Air
Quality
in
Madrid
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
3

4. Improving
Air
Quality
in
Madrid
•
•
•
•
•
Understand
the
air
quality
problem
in
our
city
Propose
experiments
Gather
relevant
data
Propose
specific
solu'ons
Test
and
repeat
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
4

5. This
is
Ci'zen
science
• Ci'zens
are
the
fundamental
actors
• Ci'zen
propose
real
problems,
real
pains
– Asthma'cs
– Father
caring
for
their
children
– Etc.
• Ci'zen
engagement
comes
from
personal
implica'on
about
this
issue
17/09/13
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de
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y
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del
CSIC
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Madrid
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6. 17/09/13
Centro
de
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y
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del
CSIC
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7. UNDERSTANDING
THE
PROBLEM
17/09/13
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de
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
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7

8. Arduino
Workshops
• Arduino
is
Open
hardware
plaborm
• Weekly
workshops
allow
everyone
to
learn
how
to
use
it
for
DIY
projects
• Explore
different
sensor
op'ons
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
8

9. 17/09/13
Air
Quality
Egg
Workshop
run
by
DCDCity
Promoters

10. 17/09/13
Air
Quality
Egg
Workshop
run
by
DCDCity
Promoters

11. 17/09/13
ZigBee
Workshop
run
by
How
Lab
University
of
Zaragoza

12. Meet
Juan
Felix
• NO2
and
PM
are
the
most
important
pollutants
in
Madrid
• Cheap
sensor
technology
allows
good/bad
measurement
not
official
values
17/09/13
Juan Felix Mateos
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
Engineer
and
runner
12

13. 17/09/13
July
IoT
Madrid
Meetup
AQE,
data
&
metadata.

14. 17/09/13
August
IoT
Madrid
Meetup
AQE,
data
&
metadata.

15. Meet
Roberto
San
Jose
• Climate
model
calcula'ons
resolu'on
up
to
4
Km
x
4
Km
areas
• Dense
air
quality
sensor
networks
are
not
commonly
available
• Official
sta'ons
data
might
not
be
the
best
indicator
of
air
quality
you
are
breathing
17/09/13
Roberto San Jose
HEAD
OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOFTWARE
AND
MODELLING
GROUP
Computer
Science
School
Universidad
Politécnica
de
Madrid
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
15

16. Meet
Encarnación
Rodriguez
• Air
dynamics
might
create
areas
of
massive
pollu'on
• In
Velazquez
street,
pollu'on
in
one
sidewalk
can
be
triple
that
in
the
other
• How
do
we
design
street
level
services?
Bike
lanes,
furniture,
etc.
17/09/13
Encarnarción Rodriguez
HEAD
OF
INDUSTRIAL
CHEMISTRY
AND
AMBIENTAL
SCIENCES
Industrial
Engineering
School
Universidad
Politécnica
de
Madrid
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
16

17. Meet
Félix
Pedrera
• Air
quality
data
is
our
city
can’t
be
accessed
real-­‐'me
• Flat
text
files
on
demand
via
email
• EU
mandates
environmental
data
should
be
open
• We
should
ask
for
OpenData
API
access
17/09/13
Félix Pedrera
R+D
Project
manager
(Mapping)
Elecnor
Deimos
OpenData
Advocate
Centro
de
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y
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del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
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18. GATHERING
DATA
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
18

19. First
Prototype
• We
are
using
Air
Quality
Egg
– Developed
by
ci'zen
groups:
Internet
Of
Things
Amsterdam,
New
York,
London
and
Madrid
– Open
hardware
DIY
device
– Records
CO,
NO2.
Expanded
to
O3,
PM,
Radia'on
– Data
stored
in
Cosm
(Pachube)
plaborm
– Launched
successfully
in
Kickstarter
17/09/13
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CSIC
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20. Differences
from
conven'onal
setups
• Not
just
the
raw
data
• Ci'zen
labeled
content
• Technology
is
designed
to
be
present
17/09/13
Centro
de
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y
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del
CSIC
-­‐
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20

21. Ci'zen
air
sensing
plaborms
• Several
other
plaborms
are
collec'ng
air
quality
data:
– AirCas'ng:
using
Arduino
Bluetooth
and
mobile
phones.
Based
in
New
York
– Safecast:
using
Arduino
also.
Based
in
Los
Angeles
17/09/13
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de
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y
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del
CSIC
-­‐
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22. CONNECTING
ELEMENTS
17/09/13
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de
Ciencias
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y
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del
CSIC
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22

23. Standards
based
approach
• Use
W3C
Seman'c
Sensor
Network
(SSN)
• Data
can
be
compared
among:
– Different
ci'es
– Different
sensor
devices
– Different
ci'zen
plaborms
– Official
sta'ons
and
ci'zen
devices
• Working
with
Ontology
Engineering
Group
at
Universidad
Politécnica
de
Madrid
17/09/13
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de
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y
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del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
23

24. Connected
Ci'zens
• Several
M2M
protocols
exist
• What
about
humans
“protocols”?
• Shared
models
of
understanding
are
needed
for
fruibul
conversa'ons
• Online
and
Offline
Mee'ng
places
• Synchronous
and
asynchronous
dialogues
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
24

25. 17/09/13
July
IoT
Madrid
Meetup:
Data
&
Metadata
on
air
quality
ci'zen
sensing
projects

26. Introducing
Medialab-­‐Prado
• Ins'tu'on
situated
in
confluence
of
art,
culture
and
technology
• Open
and
free
to
use
to
anyone
• Funded
by
Madrid
City
Local
Government
• Expects
know-­‐how
from
long
tail
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
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26

27. City
and
the
Commons
Lab
• Explores
how
can
we
manage
city
commons
like:
– Air
– Water
– Public
space
– Roads
17/09/13
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y
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CSIC
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28. PREVENTING
THE
DIGITAL
BREACH
17/09/13
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de
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y
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del
CSIC
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29. Open
library
• Prototype
library
at
Medialab-­‐Prado
• Offers
also:
– Manuals
– Know-­‐how
– Community
– Mee'ng
point
– Recorded
sessions
17/09/13
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de
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
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29

30. Library
Role
• In
the
past,
it
enabled
anyone
to
educate
themselves
• Ongoing
role
in
the
21st
century
offering
digital
tools
• Any
ci'zens
can
actuate
towards
more
sustainable
ci'es
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
30

31. WHAT
ARE
THE
CHALLENGES?
17/09/13
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del
CSIC
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32. Sustainability
• How
to
make
it
economically
sustainable
– Dedicated
staff
to
take
care
of
library
lending
– Physical
maintenance
of
prototypes
– Documen'ng
updates
– Knowledge
transfer
agents
• How
to
track
and
document
shared
knowledge
17/09/13
Centro
de
Ciencias
Humanas
y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
32

33. Sensor
technology
Calibrated
sensors
are
expensive
Exploring
low
cost
calibra'on
methods
New
devices
have
different
replacement
rates
Raising
awareness
of
sensor
limita'ons
vs
official
sta'ons
• Complement
and
not
replace
city
data
•
•
•
•
17/09/13
Centro
de
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
33

34. Expanding
library
•
•
•
•
Integra'ng
new
devices
and
prototypes
Exploring
other
natural
phenomena
like
noise
Keep
people
mo'vated
Prevent
burnout
of
early
adopters
17/09/13
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de
Ciencias
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
34

35. Great
Opportunity
• Joint
project
involving
Ci'zens,
Government,
Universi'es
and
Enterprises
• As
Sensemakers,
we’re
crea'ng
a
complete
stack
for
urban
collabora'on:
sensors,
models
and
methods
towards
a
common
goal
• Connect
engaged
ci'zens
to
sustainable
connected
ci'es
17/09/13
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de
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
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35

36. Thank
you!
Data
Ci'zen
Driven
City
www.dcdcity.com
César
García
cesargarciasaez@gmail.com
@elsatch
Sara
Alvarellos
saralvarellos@gmail.com
@trecedejunio
17/09/13
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de
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y
Sociales
del
CSIC
-­‐
Madrid
36