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Glycolysis
The first stage of respiration Glycolysis
Respiration ,[object Object],[object Object]
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration!
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits  one molecule  of glucose into  two  smaller molecules of  pyruvate
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits  one molecule  of glucose into  two  smaller molecules of  pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits  one molecule  of glucose into  two  smaller molecules of  pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is a triose (3-carbon) molecule
Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits  one molecule  of glucose into  two  smaller molecules of  pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is a triose (3-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is also known as pyruvic acid
 
[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
There are  TWO STAGES  of  GLYCOLYSIS – Phosphorylation  and  Oxidation
Glycolysis
Glycolysis 1 2 A B
Glycolysis 1 2 A B These arrows in diagrams just mean that A goes into the main reaction and is converted to B. A will normally release or collect something from molecule 1, e.g. hydrogen or phosphate
Stage One - Phosphorylation
Stage One - Phosphorylation ,[object Object]
Stage One - Phosphorylation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Stage One - Phosphorylation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Stage One - Phosphorylation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A triose phosphate is just a simple 3-carbon sugar with a phosphate group attached. Different books use different names!
What’s the point? ,[object Object]
What’s the point? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Stage Two - Oxidation
Stage Two - Oxidation ,[object Object]
Stage Two - Oxidation ,[object Object],[object Object]
Stage Two - Oxidation ,[object Object],[object Object],A coenzyme is a  helper   molecule that carries chemical groups or ions, e.g. NAD +  removes H +  and carries it to other molecules.
Stage Two - Oxidation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Next  in  Aerobic  respiration….
Next  in  Aerobic  respiration…. ,[object Object]
Next  in  Aerobic  respiration…. ,[object Object],2. The  two pyruvate  molecules go into the matrix of the  mitochondria  for the  link reaction .
[object Object]
The  Link Reaction
The  Link Reaction The second stage of respiration
 
You are now in the  matrix  of the mitochondria!
 
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration The  Link Reaction  converts  Pyruvate  to  Acetyl Coenzyme A
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration The  Link Reaction  converts  Pyruvate  to  Acetyl Coenzyme A The link reaction happens when oxygen is available.
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration ,[object Object]
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration ,[object Object],[object Object]
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration 4.  No ATP  is produced in this reaction.
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration The  Link reaction  happens  Twice  for every  Glucose Molecule
Link Reaction  – 2 nd  stage of respiration The  Link reaction  happens  Twice  for every  Glucose Molecule So for every  glucose molecule  used in glycolysis,  two pyruvate  and  two acetyl CoA molecules  are made.
So for each glucose molecule:
So for each glucose molecule: ,[object Object]
So for each glucose molecule: ,[object Object]
So for each glucose molecule: ,[object Object],[object Object]
So for each glucose molecule: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
So for each glucose molecule: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Final thoughts…. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Glycolysis

  • 2. The first stage of respiration Glycolysis
  • 3.
  • 4. Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration!
  • 5. Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits one molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate
  • 6. Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits one molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule
  • 7. Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits one molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is a triose (3-carbon) molecule
  • 8. Glycolysis is the first stage of respiration! Glycolysis splits one molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate Glucose is a hexose (6-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is a triose (3-carbon) molecule Pyruvate is also known as pyruvic acid
  • 9.  
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. There are TWO STAGES of GLYCOLYSIS – Phosphorylation and Oxidation
  • 18. Glycolysis 1 2 A B These arrows in diagrams just mean that A goes into the main reaction and is converted to B. A will normally release or collect something from molecule 1, e.g. hydrogen or phosphate
  • 19. Stage One - Phosphorylation
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. A triose phosphate is just a simple 3-carbon sugar with a phosphate group attached. Different books use different names!
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. Stage Two - Oxidation
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Next in Aerobic respiration….
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. The Link Reaction
  • 37. The Link Reaction The second stage of respiration
  • 38.  
  • 39. You are now in the matrix of the mitochondria!
  • 40.  
  • 41. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration
  • 42. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration The Link Reaction converts Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A
  • 43. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration The Link Reaction converts Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A The link reaction happens when oxygen is available.
  • 44. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
  • 48. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration 4. No ATP is produced in this reaction.
  • 49. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration The Link reaction happens Twice for every Glucose Molecule
  • 50. Link Reaction – 2 nd stage of respiration The Link reaction happens Twice for every Glucose Molecule So for every glucose molecule used in glycolysis, two pyruvate and two acetyl CoA molecules are made.
  • 51. So for each glucose molecule:
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57.