2. Reflection
Law of reflection -
when a light ray
strikes a reflecting
surface, the angle of
reflection equals the
angle of incidence
3. Regular vs Diffuse Reflection
If the beam of light falls on a smooth surface the rays
undergo regular reflection (parallel rays reflect parallel)
If the beam of light falls on a rough surface, the rays
undergo diffuse reflection (parallel rays do not reflect
parallel)
4. Why is it harder to see when driving at
night after it has rained?
Answer:
Because the wet road is a smooth surface
and very little light is reflected back to our
eyes
5. Are the pages of your book smooth
or rough?
Answer:
They are rough
If they were smooth, there would be a lot
more glare and it would be harder to read.
6. Refraction
Refraction- the change in
speed and direction of light at
the boundary between 2
media.
Snells Law: ni sin øi = nr sin ør
When light travels from a less
optically dense medium into a
more optically dense medium,
the speed is reduced and the
angle of refraction is smaller
than the angle of incidence.
V= c/ nr
7. Total internal reflection
occurs when light passes
from a more optically
dense medium to a less
optically dense medium
at such an angle that the
angle of refraction is 90
degrees.
Crtitical angle - angle of
incidence that causes
total internal reflection
8. Dispersion - separation of light into
the spectrum of colors
Red light travels
fastest; it bends the
least; has the smallest
index of refraction
Violet light travels the
slowest, it bends the
most; has the largest
index of refraction
9. Rainbows
A rainbow is formed when sunlight is dispersed
by water droplets.