Introduction to php

Presentation to
Siltek Software Solutions (I) Pvt. Ltd.

What is it?
 PHP is a scripting language commonly used on web
servers.
 Stands for “PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor”
 Open source
 Embedded code
 Comparable with ASP
 Multiple operating systems/web servers

More About PHP
 PHP is free software released under the PHP License.
 PHP typically runs on a web server that takes PHP as
input and gives out HTML pages as output.
 PHP is installed on more than 20 million websites and
1 million web servers.
 PHP has a syntax similar to C and Java.
 The current version of PHP is 5.2.x.

What can it do?
 Dynamic generation of web-page content
 Database interaction
 Processing of user supplied data
 Email
 File handling
 Text processing
 Network interaction
 And more…

Brief History of PHP
 PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) was created by Rasmus Lerdorf in
1994. It was initially developed for HTTP usage logging and server-side
form generation in Unix.
 PHP 2 (1995) transformed the language into a Server-side embedded
scripting language. Added database support, file
uploads, variables, arrays, recursive
functions, conditionals, iteration, regular expressions, etc.
 PHP 3 (1998) added support for ODBC data sources, multiple platform
support, email protocols (SNMP,IMAP), and new parser written by
Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans .

Brief History of PHP
 PHP 4 (2000) became an independent component of the web server for
added efficiency. The parser was renamed the Zend Engine. Many
security features were added.
 PHP 5 (2004) adds Zend Engine II with object oriented
programming, robust XML support using the libxml2 library, SOAP
extension for interoperability with Web Services, SQLite has been
bundled with PHP
 As of August 2004, PHP is used on 16,946,328 Domains, 1,348,793 IP
Addresses http://www.php.net/usage.php This is roughly 32% of all
domains on the web.

Fundamentals
 PHP is embedded within xhtml pages within the tags:
<?php … ?>
 The short version of these tags can also be used: <? …
?>
 Each line of PHP is terminated, like MySQL, with a
semi-colon.

Hello World!
<html>
<head>
<title>PHP Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php echo ‘Hello World!’; ?>
</body>
</html>

Features of PHP
 Performance
 Relatively fast for an interpreted language.
 Database Connectivity
 Support for MySQL, Oracle, dbm, DB2, PostgreSQL
 Can connect to any database which provides an ODBC
driver (Open Database Connectivity Standard) – e.g. MS
Access.

Features of PHP
 Existing Libraries
 PHP was originally designed for web use – lots of
functions for common web-development tasks (e.g.
Sending email, XML parsing, etc.)
 Portability
 Supported on Windows, Mac OS X, other Unix-like
systems (e.g. Linux).

Features of PHP
 Object-Oriented Programming
 Similar syntax and features as C++ and Java –
inheritance, attribute visibility
(private, protected), abstract
classes/methods, constructors and destructors, etc.
 Popularity
 As a result, lots of documentation, books, and web
tutorials.

PHP Usage
 Server-Side Scripting Language
 Must have a web server and the PHP interpreter
installed.
 PHP interpreter processes pages before they are served
to clients.

About MySQL
 GNU Free, open-source, multi-platform
 Implements the standard SQL language
 Relational DBMS
 Written in C and C++
 Uses MyISAM B-tree disk tables
 Uses in-memory hash tables for temporary tables

Building On MySQL
 What languages can we use for building an application on
MySQL?
 ODBC Connector
 JDBC Connector
 .NET Connector
 Web scripting languages
 PHP, ASP, JSP

Uses of PHP and MySQL
 Anything in a MySQL database can be viewed on a
webpage
 Any information which can be captured from a website can
be stored into a database

Connecting to MySQL from PHP
/* Connection */
$username = ‘user’; // username
$password = ’password'; // password
$webhost = 'localhost'; // host (localhost or something on a web
server)
$db = ’test'; // the database
$dbc = mysql_connect($webhost, $username, $password) or
die("Could not connect: " . mysql_error());
@mysql_select_db($db) or die("Could not find database - $db -
" . mysql_error() . "");

MySQL is Built Into PHP
 There are function calls to connect to a MySQL
server, send SQL commands, and retrieve data from
the server

XAMPP – What’s the tool?
XAMPP (pronounced as ZAMP) is a small and light Apache
distribution containing the most common web
development technologies in a single package.
Acronym for:
X- Read as "cross", meaning cross-platform)
A-Apache HTTP Server
M-MySQL
P-PHP
P-Perl

Features of XAMPP
• Ideal tool for developing and testing applications in PHP &
MySQL.
• Takes less time than installing each of its components
separately.
• Multiple instances of XAMPP can exist on a single
computer.
• Allow website designers and programmers to test their
work on their own computers without any access to the
Internet
• XAMPP also provides support for creating and
manipulating databases in MySQL and SQLite among
others.

How to install ?
 Go to http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html
 Versions available for Linux, Windows, Solaris, Mac OS X

Steps for Installation
 http://wiki.fiforms.org/index.php/Installing_XAMPP

Types of XAMPP
 WAMP - Windows
 MAMP – Mac OS X
 SAMP - Solaris
 LAMP - LINUX

XAMPP Configuration
Starting :
• To start XAMPP simply call this command :
• You should now see something like this on your screen :
• If you get any error messages please take a look at the
Linux FAQ.
/opt/lampp/lampp start
Starting XAMPP 1.7.4...
LAMPP: Starting Apache...
LAMPP: Starting MySQL...
LAMPP started.

XAMPP Configuration
Stopping :
• To stop XAMPP simply call this command :
• You should now see something like this on your screen :
• XAMPP for Linux is now stopped.
Starting XAMPP 1.7.4...
LAMPP: Stopping Apache...
LAMPP: Stopping MySQL...
LAMPP stoped.
/opt/lampp/lampp stop

Recommended Texts for Learning PHP
 Larry Ullman’s books from the Visual Quickpro series
 PHP & MySQL for Dummies
 Beginning PHP 5 and MySQL: From Novice to
Professional by W. Jason Gilmore
 (This is more advanced and dense than the others, but
great to read once you’ve finished the easier books. One
of the best definition/description of object oriented
programming I’ve read)

Resources
 Apache
 Website: http://httpd.apache.org/
 Documentation: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/
 PHP
 Website: http://www.php.net/
 Documentation and language reference:
http://www.php.net/docs.php
 http://www.w3schools.com/php/default.asp

Resources
 Xampp
 Combines an Apache web server, PHP, and MySQL into
one simple installation service.
 Very little configuration required by the user to get an
initial system up and running.
 http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.html

Introduction to php

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