1. Rizal an Ophthalmic
Surgeon in Hong Kong
(1891-1892)

2. After the publication of El Filibusterismo,
Rizal left Europe for Hong Kong and
stayed there for 7 months.
He decided to leave Europe because of
the following reasons:
◦ Political differences with Marcelo H. del Pilar
and other compatriots in Spain.
◦ To be near the Philippines and his family

3. Two weeks after the publication of the El
Filibusterismo, Rizal left Ghent for Paris
where he stayed for a few days to bid good
bye to his friends.
From Paris, he rode a train to Marseilles
where he boarded the steamer Melbourne,
bound for Hong Kong.
He brought with him a recommendation
letter given by Juan Luna addressed to
Manuel Camus, a compatriot living in
Singapore plus 600 copies of the El
Filibusterismo.
Farewell Europe

4. There were 80 passengers, mostly
Europeans and Rizal was the only Asian.
There was an incident involving Rizal and
the German ladies but eventually, the
latter end up treating the former with
admiration and respect.
Melbourne

5. November 20, 1891
Rizal was welcomed by Filipino residents
headed by his friend Jose Maria Basa.
He stayed in No. 5 D’ Aguilar Street, No. 2
Rednaxola Terrace where he opened his
clinic.
Rizal Arrived in Hong Kong

6. Sent a letter to Rizal informing him about
the sad news of the deportation of 25
persons from Calamba, including Don
Francisco, Saturnina, Narcisa Paciano and
him.
He also told Rizal that he wrote a letter
addressed to the Queen Regent of Spain
explaining their situation and if the Queen
will not listen, then, he will ask Queen
Victoria of England for help.
Manuel Hidalgo

7. Before Christmas of 1891, Don Francisco,
Paciano and Silvestre Ubaldo arrived in Hong
Kong.
Days after Doña Teodora, Lucia and Josefa
and Trinidad also arrived.
Doña Teodora – then 65 years old and almost
blind.
◦ She suffered so much from the hands of the
Spaniards
◦ In 1890, she was arrested on the flimsy charge of
not using her surname Realonda, despite of her age
and blindness she was forced by the officers to walk
from Calamba to Santa Cruz.
Rizal Family Reunited in Hong
Kong

8. The Christmas of 1891 is the happiest
celebration in Rizal’s life
Asing – Rizal’s cook in Hong Kong

9. In order to earn a living for himself, Rizal
practiced medicine.
Dr. Lorenzo Marques – a Portuguese
physician who became his friend and
admirer, helped him to build up a wide
clientele.
In due time Rizal became a successful and
well-known medical practitioner in the
British Colony.
Rizal the Ophthalmic Surgeon in
Hong Kong

10. He successfully operated his mother’s
eyes so that she was able to read and
write again.
Aside from being an eye specialist, Rizal
was also a general practitioner, because
there was an epidemic

11. Because of the hardship of the Calamba
folks under Gov. Gen. Valeriano Weyler,
Rizal conceived the establishment of a
Filipino colony in North Borneo (Sabah).
He planned to move the landless Filipino
families to that rich British owned island.
On March 7, 1892, Rizal went to
Sandakan on board the ship Menon to
negotiate with the British authorities.
Borneo Colonization Project

12. The British authorities of Borneo were
willing to give the Filipino colonists
100,000 acres of land, a beautiful harbor
and a good government for 999 years,
free of all charges.
Manuel Hidalgo – objected to the project

13. Replaced Weyler
Offered a fine program of government
Rizaloffered his cooperation to him but he
did not even acknowledged.
Governor General Eulogio Despujol

14. His writings were published by Hong Kong
Telegraph edited by Frazier Smith
◦ Ang Mga Karapatan Nang Tao – Rizal’s version of
the Rights of Man, a historic document proclaimed
in the French Revolution of 1789.
◦ A la Nacion Española (To the Spanish Nation) – this
article was Rizal’s appeal to Spain to rectify the
wrong done to the landless peasants of Calamba.
◦ Sa Mga Kababayan (To My Countrymen) – this
article was Rizal’s exposition on the Calamba
agrarian problem.
Writings of Rizal in Hong Kong

15. La Liga Filipina – The Philippine League
Rizal drafted its constitution while he was
in Hong Kong with the help of Jose Maria
Basa.
◦ Motto: One Like All (Unus Instar Omnium)
◦ Membership is based on endorsements and
passing certain tests.
◦ Three levels of organizational councils:
 Popular
 Provincial
 Supreme
Rizal Lays Down the Basis of the
La Liga Filipina

16. Unificationof the whole archipelago into a
vigorous, compact body
Mutual protection in every part and
necessity
Defense against all forms of violence and
injustice
Stimulation of instruction, agriculture and
commerce
Undertaking of study and application of
reforms
Aims of the La Liga

17. To confer with Governor Despujol
regarding his Borneo colonization project
To establish the La Liga Filipina in Manila
To prove that Eduardo de Lete was wrong
in attacking him in Madrid that he, being
comfortable and safe in Hong Kong, had
abandoned the country’s cause.
◦ Published in La Solidaridad
Decision to Return to Manila

18. Because of the said writing, Rizal told
Mariano Ponce of his disappointment
because Marcelo H. del Pilar is allowing
such comments in the newspaper
Rizal’s relatives and friends opposed to his
plan
Trinidad – warned her brother to remain
in Hong Kong for he will be killed in the
Philippines.

19. He evidently had a premonition of death
because the day after his birthday, he
wrote two letters, sealed and inscribed in
each envelope ‘TO BE OPENED AFTER
MY DEATH’
He gave it to Dr. Marques for safekeeping
The first letter is addressed to Rizal’s
parents, siblings and friends.
The second letter is addressed to the
Filipinos
Rizal spent his 31st Birthday

20. June 21, 1892 – another letter was made
by Rizal addressed to Gov. Gen. Despujol.
In this letter he informed the Governor of
his homecoming and placed himself under
the protection of the Spanish government
Rizal with his sister left Hong Kong for
Manila
They carried a special passport issued by
the Spanish consul general in Hong Kong.

21. Immediately after the departure of Rizal,
the consul general sent a cablegram to
Gov. Despujol that the victim “is in the
trap”
On the same day, a secret case was filed
in Manila against Rizal and his followers
for anti-religious and anti-patriotic
agitation
Rizal Falls into Spanish Trap

22. Luis de la Torre – secretary of Gov.
Despujol was ordered to find out if Rizal
was naturalized as a German citizen so
that he might take proper action against
one who had the protection of a strong
nation.

23. June 26, 1892 – (12 noon) Rizal and his
sister Lucia arrived in Manila.
They stayed in Hotel de Oriente (Room
22), facing Binondo Church
Governor-General Despujol – was visited
by Rizal
◦ Agreed to pardon his father, but not the rest of
his family
Rizal’s Second Homecoming

24. Rizalvisited his sisters Narcisa and
Saturnina.
He even visited his friends in Central
Luzon
◦ He boarded a train on June 27 in Tutuban
Station and went to Malolos, San Fernando,
Tarlac and Bacolor.

25. July 3, 1892
Doroteo Ongjungco – a Chinese Filipino
mestizo who lives in Ylaya Street Tondo
His house was the venue of the founding
of the La Liga Filipina
Founding of La Liga Filipina

26. Pedro Serrano Laktaw – Panday Pira
Domingo Franco – Felipe Leal
Jose Ramos – Socorro
Ambrosio Salvador –
Bonifacio Arevalo – Harem
Deodato Arellano
Ambrosio Flores – Musa
Agustin de la Rosa
Moises Salvador - Araw
Members

27. Luis Villareal – Ilaw
Marcelino Crisostomo
Numeriano Adriano – Ipil
Estanislao Legaspi –
Teodoro Plata
Andres Bonifacio
Apolinario Mabini – Katabay
Juan Zulueta -

28. July 6, 1892 – when Rizal came to visit
the Gov. Gen. Despujol, suddenly, he was
showed some printed leaflets which were
allegedly found in Lucia’s pillow cases
Rizal arrested and jailed

29. Pobres Frailes (Poor Friars) –
incriminatory leaflets under the authorship
of Fr. Jacinto and printed by the Imprenta
de los Amigos del Pais, Manila.
◦ A satire against the rich Dominican friars who
amassed fabulous riches contrary to their
monastic vow of poverty

30. Ramon Despujol – nephew of the Gov.
Gen. who escorted Rizal in Fort Santiago
July 7, 1892 – Gaceta de Manila published
the arrest of Rizal

31. Governor General Despujol ordered the
deportation of Rizal in one of the islands
in the South.
Charges:
◦ Publication and introduction of various anti-
monastic books and handbills
◦ Travelling through different provinces without
permit from the Governor General
◦ Finding in his luggage the pamphlet Pobres
Frailes which mocked the religious orders
Rizal Deported to Dapitan

32. ◦ Dedication of the El Filibusterismo to
GOMBURZA
◦ Rizal’s attempts at de-Catholicizing and de-
nationalizing the Filipino people
Rizal stayed in Fort Santiago for nine days
before his deportation in Dapitan
July 15, 1892 – Rizal boarded the steamer
Cebu, sailing to Dapitan