Presentation on the emerging trends of superfoods in health and wellness consumer product foods with considerations for building sustainable international agricultural supply chains using the examples of coffee and chia.
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Investing in superfoods: Sustainable Solution or Passing Fad?
1. Shaun Paul, Research Fellow
Global Development And Environment Institute
at Tufts University
November 6, 2013
2. • Defining superfoods
• Consumer and industry trends
• An example of Chia
• Role of supply chains in shaping sustainability
3. what is a superfood?
The Oxford English Dictionary defines a superfood as
“any food considered especially nutritious or
otherwise beneficial to health and well-being”
Attributes:
•Nutrient dense
•Nutrient diverse
•Phytonutrient content
•Toxin absence
4. Superfoods in the Market T
oday
quinoa
quinoa
chia seeds
açaí berries
goji berries
Over 100 foods marketed as superfoods by 2007
5. Just Marketing?
“From a nutritionist’s point of view, the idea is
totally silly. Superfoods are about marketing, not
nutrition.”
- Marion Nestle, Professor in the
Department of Nutrition, Food
Studies, and Public Health and
Professor of Sociology at New
Y University
ork
6. Drivers of Growth in Consumer Demand:
Health and Wellness
8 in 10 Americans are making some or a lot of effort to
eat healthfully (Food Marketing Institute, 201
1)
Nearly 9 in 10 grocery shoppers (88%) believe it is very
important to get their nutrients from foods naturally rich
in vitamins and minerals (HealthFocus, 2010)
7. Other Drivers of Consumer Demand
Naturally Healthy
Shift away from engineered food in the form of reduced fat and lower
sodium, and toward simply better naturally
Aspirational Consumers
Seek both sustainability and consumption and look for brands to provide
solutions that both improve their lives and serve the larger society.
65% of consumers surveyed in 2012 in developed and emerging markets
feel a sense of responsibility to purchase products that are good for the
environment and society. (RE:THINKING CONSUMPTION, 2012)
Rising Disposable Income in Emerging Markets
In 2010, the emerging markets, led by China and India, accounted for $12
trillion in spending. In 2025, they are expected to account for about $30
trillion, or nearly half of all global spending (McKinsey Global Institute)
8. How Large is the Superfood Market?
Estimates vary widely and fall within recognized Health &
Wellness food categories.
Euromonitor International 2012
Superfoods could fit under any of these categories depending on how
they are grown, incorporated into products, and marketed.
9. :
Nine leading “superfoods”
$399 million in 2012
Products containing blueberry and coconut oil
grew 274% and 103%, respectively
Data from SPINS, a natural foods and supplements market research firm on combined sales of
products tracking primary ingredients in natural and conventional supermarkets
10. Permanent Crops Offer Better Returns
Than Row Crops in the US
Source: NCREIF | National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries, Equilibrium Capital Group
11. The Example of Chia
Background
• Salvia hispanica
• Flowering annual crop in the mint family
• Indigenous to southwestern Mexico and northwestern
Central America
• Pre-Columbian staple food cultivated since 3500 BC
• Dramatic recent growth of international demand
• T
oday, Latin American farmers are reaping up to
350% annual return on investment
13. Ingredient Versatility and Market
Chia can be sold raw, in bakery products,
pasta, and snacks, or as an ingredient added
to yogurt, beverages and other products.
14. Chia Challenges to Growth
• Demand currently outpaces supply
• Chia is more expensive than a similar f lax
seed
• Continued growth in global demand expected
• Deceptive and unregulated marketing can
result in baseless health claims
15. Potential Chia Cultivation
Optimal within 15° of the equator. However recent supply shortages have spurred
cultivation in Australia (now a major exporter) and the Southern US
16. Developing Chia Sustainably
• T
apping into overlap between consumer demand for
sustainably sourced agriculture and “superfoods”
• Establishing transparency and quality assurance
• Expanding and diversifying supply chains with cooperatives
and small farms
17. Supply Chains Key to Sustainability
• Improve conventional supply chains for risk
management that enhances social and environmental
sustainability
20. Expanding Direct
Trade for Chia
• Sells organic ‚ancestral
superfoods‛
• 4 ingredients: chia, hemp seed,
coconut, red palm oil
• $50 million in 2012 sales
• 50% annual growth for past 5 years
only recently ‘breaking even’
• Seeking to move from conventional
sourcing to long-term direct
relations with farmers
The link between diet and health has been long known: in 400 B.C. Hippocrates said “Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food”The premise of superfoods is that they provide something “beyond basic nutrition” These foods must demonstrate their health effects in amounts that can normally be expected to be consumed in a diet.Health claims have been based on the content of certain vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, probiotics, or phytochemicals (e.g. polyphenols and flavonoids)which recent and expansive medical research have linked to an improved state of health and well-being and/or reduction of risk of disease.Research has tied some of these biologically active compounds to reduced risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases.Nutrient density - The measurement of how much of any particular nutrient the food contains in regards to how much is in one serving.Nutrient diversity - The measurement of how many different nutrients are available in this one food.Phytonutrient content - The amount of healthy chemical compounds, known and unknown, that exist in plants. There are potentially thousands of phytonutrients in plants and any superfood should be a known source.Toxin absence - The goal of consuming superfoods is to load the body with as many nutrients as possible. Superfoods should represent clean, hormone-free, chemical and pesticide-free sources of nutritionLearn more: http://www.naturalnews.com/038324_food_superfood_nutritional_density.html#ixzz2jhqgaBBy
Someeveryday foods that have been called superfoods include beans, blueberries, tomatoes, certain fish, citrus, whole grains, sweet potatoes, eggs, nuts, dark leafy greens, and yogurtThere has also been an explosion of many exotic superfoods including turmeric, mangosteens, kefir, coconut oil, lingonberries
There is no official standard for superfood labeling and in much of the world (US, Japan, Canada, Australia and New Zealand) the “superfood” marketing claims are unregulated. However in the European Union, a “superfood” must now meet at least one specific medical claim supported by credible scientific research
There has been “a shift away from engineered health in the form of reduced fat and lower sodium, and a focus on new items that are simply naturally better, whether through ingrained nutritional properties or other health-related benefits.”In this way, the new definition of “healthy” is about adding rather than subtracting—consumers want to eat meals they can feel good about consuming, rather than those that are simply diet friendly or “guilt-free”.http://www.portal.euromonitor.com.ezproxy.library.tufts.edu/Portal/Pages/Search/SearchResultsList.aspxfamiliarity and price can both provide barriers between consumer intention and consumption
There has been “a shift away from engineered health in the form of reduced fat and lower sodium, and a focus on new items that are simply naturally better, whether through ingrained nutritional properties or other health-related benefits.”In this way, the new definition of “healthy” is about adding rather than subtracting—consumers want to eat meals they can feel good about consuming, rather than those that are simply diet friendly or “guilt-free”.http://www.portal.euromonitor.com.ezproxy.library.tufts.edu/Portal/Pages/Search/SearchResultsList.aspxfamiliarity and price can both provide barriers between consumer intention and consumption
Chia’s biggest claim to fame in the health world is its extremely high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids which have been shown to be beneficial in preventing the onset of cardiovascular disease, inflammation, developmental disorders, psychiatric disorders and cognitive aging. Chia is also vegan and gluten-free.
Sales of omega-3 in the packaged format (inclusive of supplements, food and drink) were estimated at US$30 billionin 2012. In 2012,Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish and non-fish sources) were the fastest growing supplements from 2007-2012 with a 15.6% CAGR.Awareness (backed by growing scientific research) has grown that a lack of omega-3 is detrimental to the functioning of the brain, eyes and heart. And government’s have claimed there is a significant gap between actual intake and recommended daily intake levels. http://www.portal.euromonitor.com/Portal/Handlers/accessPDF.ashx/Success_of_Omega_Fatty_Acids_From_Supplements_to_Food.pdf?c=10\PDF\&f=F-233852-23815010.pdf&saveAsName=Success_of_Omega_Fatty_Acids_From_Supplements_to_Food&code=88FlfnNiRPtObORXzUoUvg0NTc4%3dGlobally, gluten-free food made value gains of 24% between 2010 and 2012, which is double the growth registered by overall health and wellness foods and beverages. In North America in 2012, gluten-free food value sales increased by 15% compared to health and wellness products’ rather sluggish growth of 2%.http://www.portal.euromonitor.com/Portal/Pages/Common/Pdf.aspx/Chia_on_its_Way_to_Becoming_the_New_FlaxSales of NH beverages grew by 42% in value over the 2007-2012 period, to US$188.9 billion, while NH packaged foods achieved value growth of 30% to reach sales of US$98.6 billion. http://www.portal.euromonitor.com/Portal/Handlers/accessPDF.ashx/10_Global_Consumer_Trends_for_the_Next_Five_Years.pdf?c=46\PDF\&f=F-218503-22392946.pdf&saveAsName=10_Global_Consumer_Trends_for_the_Next_Five_Years&code=OBRxqhYBXNJqBa4eD%2fBPtRvQ3V0%3d
Supply bottleneck is due to geographic requirements of cultivation and calamitous weather conditions in 2012 that decimated harvest yields in Argentina, Paraguay, Peru and Ecuador
Dates back to 3500 BC, discouraged by conquistadorsNeed for stability in supply65% of industry respondents believe that the same kind of consumers are interested in sustainable foods as superfoodshttp://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/reportlinker-adds-growth-opportunities-in-sustainable-and-positive-health-food-and-drinks-key-innovations-leading-company-strategies-and-how-to-benefit-from-overlap-of-ethical-and-superfoods-overlap-104356993.html
Possible cut this slide and just use following slide to illustrate intl agricultural value chain