1. 1
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
Course Code: Tex -4036
INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
ABONI TEXTILES LIMITED

2. 2

3. 3
Chapter - I
PROJECT DESCRIPTION

4. 4
ABONI TEXTILES LIMITED
TYPE
ABONI TEXTILES LTD. is a joint venture knit composite mill with Denmark
integrated vertically with knitting & dyeing section set up in the same shed side by side with
garments section established in just outside of the shed. lt is equipped with circular and flat
knitting dyeing, and finishing. It produces fine quality cotton and blended knit fabrics in a
variety of styles. Jerseys, ribs, piques and other single knit textures are all available current
production in tabular exceeds 3 tons per day. Fabric weights range from 130 GSM to 260
GSM in styles. Which include jersey, piques, needle out textures and fabrics with Lycra.
Aboni Textiles Ltd. lt was established through a technology partnership with TPM of U.K.
The Aboni Textiles Ltd. was the most advanced and high-the equipment from the
world’s leading manufacturers. These machines have been coupled with the best skilled
technological support-expatriate staff and local experts trained at the suppliers plants.
Year Of Establishment
The Aboni Textiles Ltd. was established on April , 2001.
Location
Aboni Textiles Ltd. is situated at Tetuljhora Union, Hemayetpur, Savar, Dhaka.. It is
located at the southest corner of savar road and about 20 k.m. away from college of Textile
Technology, Tejgaon, Dhaka.
Plot# 169-171, 2-B/1, Darus Salam Road,
Tetuljhora Union, Mirpur, Dhaka-1216,
Hemyaetpur, Bangladesh.
Savar, Dhaka.
SITE LOCATION OF ABONI TEXTILE LTD.
Address Of Mill Address of Head office

5. 5
MIRPUR ROAD HEMAYETPUR
SPONSORS
Aboni textiles ltd. is an industry of “Babylon group”. It works in join venture
with a company come from Denmark. The Danish company send
their Representative in the factory location.
PRODUCT MIX
Aboni Textiles Ltd. works as per demand order of the Aboni Knitwear Ltd..
Also it produces a fraction of its total production by the order of subcontract of other
mill both knitted fabrics & finished fabrics (dyed fabrics) .
ANNUAL PRODUCTION CAPACITY
The circular knitting m/c’s has able to fulfill the fabric requirement for Aboni
Knitwear ltd. The mill works in two shifts- (a) Shift-A & (b) Shift –B. The annual
production capacity of grey fabric is about 1300 ton collar & cuff is about
3285000pcs. & finished fabric with dyeing is about 2500 ton .
PROJECT COST
DHAKA
GAVTOLI
BUS STAND
AMIN
BAZAR
DARUS SALAM
ROAD
Aboni
Textile
Ltd.
SAVAR

6. 6
The project cost of Aboni textiles Ltd. is near about 300 million of Bangladeshi taka
DIFFERENT DEPERTMENTS
The mill has different departments working in co-ordination with each other under the
production manager of dyeing. The Aboni textile mill consists of several depertments.1) The
knitting dept.2) Grey inspection dept.3) The dyeing lab4) Dyeing dept.5) Finishing dept.6)
Quality assurance dept.7) Maintenance dept.8) Utility dept.9) Store & Inventory dept.& 10)
Administration dept. With all these departments working in a sequence from beginning
department to end. The garments section also be added by all those section & considered as a
potential department of the mill.
PHYSICAL INRASTRACTURE
The mill is built in such a way that there is possibility for further expansion of the
mill. The structure such as mill, office buildings, record rooms, guardrooms & dining room
etc. are made of solid hard concrete & brick mtls. . The whole area is surrounded by safety
brick wall .The main set up for m/c’s are built of corrugated iron & iron sheet, transparent
hard plastics with enough ventilation & scope for passing light & air.
REMARKS
Aboni Textiles Ltd. is going to prove its own standard about product quality in world
market as they know that their reputation depends on its quality. They have applied for
ISO9001 to exert its standard .They expect they shall achieve the ISO9001.
ABONI TEXTILES LTD. AT A GLANCE

7. 7
Aboni Textiles Limited
1. Name of the project : Aboni Textiles Limited .
2. Project Proponent : Babylon Group of Companies.
3. Location : Tetuljhara Union, Hemayetpur
Savar,Dhaka
About 2o kms west of Dhaka City and
5 km from Savar.
4. Communication : The project is easily accessible by road.
5. Product Name : Knitted, bleached and dyed fabric.
6. Plant Capacity : 2500 ton.
7. Factory Area : Approx. 25000 sq. feet
8. Major Chemicals Used : Various Chemicals including dyes,
hydrogen peroxide. Sodium, Hydroxide etc.
9. Type of the factory : Vertically integrated.
10. No. of employees : Approx. 200

8. 8
Chapter - II
MANPOWER MANAGEMENT
ORGANOGRAM:
NESAR AHMED
(MANGING
DIRECTOR)

9. 9
Organ gram of maintenance:
1. Maintenance manager
2. Forman
ARUN KUMAR
MONDAL
MANAGER
(PRODUCTION)
SENIOR
MERCHANDISER G.M. REZAUL HAQUE
DEPUTY MANAGER
(KNITTING)
SYED MD. AZIZUR
RAHMANM
DEPUTY MANAGER
(DYEING)
JUNIOR
MERCHANDISER
SUPERVISER
Md. MAHBUBUL
ALAM
(LAB IN CHARGE)
PRODUCTION
OFFICER
(DYEING)
KAMAL UDDIN
AHMED
(EXECUTIVE
DIRECTOR)
JESPER GROS
(FACTORY
MANAGER)
MR. HUMAYAN
MANAGER
(MARKETING)

10. 10
Organ gram of administration section:
1) Admin officer.
2) Account officer
3) Account officer
Organ gram of store:
1. Store in-charge.
2. Asst. Store in-charge
SHIFT CHANGE:
The mill is running on two shift
a) Day shift (8 a.m. to 8 p.m.)
b) Night shift (8 p.m. to 8a.m)
Besides the general shift is also available there which duration is 8 p.m. to 6 p.m
through the whole week.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF PRODUCTION OFFICER:
- To ensure the production process control.
- To check the production sequence.
- To assure the quality.
- To control the worker.

11. 11
Chapter - III
MACHINE DESCRIPTION
NO. OF MACHINE
Circular knitting m/c = 11
Flat knitting m/c = 9

12. 12
Dyeing m/c = 6 (with sample dyeing m/c)
Squeezing m/c = 1
Dryer = 1
Calendering & Compacting m/c = 1
Cloth inspection m/c = 5
BRAND NAME
Type of m/c Brand Name Orgin Total
no. of
m/c
Circular
knitting m/c
Mayer & Cie Germany 8
Circular
knitting m/c
Fukahama Taiwan 3
Flat knitting
m/c
Kauo Heng Co.
Ltd.
Taiwan 9
Dyeing
m/c
Sclavos Greece 4
Dyeing
m/c
Longclose England 1
Dyeing
m/c
Dilmenler Turkey 1
Squeezing
m/c
Santa stress Switzerland 1
Drying
m/c
Santa shrink Switzerland 1
Calendering
&
Compacting
m/c
Santex.Group.com Switzerland 1
Cloth
Inspection m/c
UZU Thailand 5

13. 13
LAYOUT OF KNITTING SECTION
W
S N
E
SPECIFICATION OF CIRCULAR KNITTING M/C
S/l no.
of m/c
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
FUKA Mayer Mayer Mayer Mayer Mayer Mayer Mayer Mayer FUKA FUKA-
54321
678910
11

14. 14
Brand -
HAM
A
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
&
Cie
-
HAM
A
HAMA
Type SHBI
R-2
FV 2.0 RELA
-NIT
3.2 II
MVA-
3.2
RELA
-NIT
3.2 II
MVA-
3.2
MVA-
3.2
RELA
-NIT
3.2 II
OV-
3.2QC
SH-
IAG24
SH-
IAG24
Gauge 18 18 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 18
Cyl.
Dia.
38” 34” 30” 24” 26” 20” 24” 30” 30” 34” 36”
Feeder
76 72 96 78 84 63 78 96 96 96 76
Needle
2x214
9
2X192
0
2268 1800 1944 1512 1800 2268 2x226
8
2X256
4
2x2036
Drving
Power
Motor
4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W 4 K/W
Work-
ing
Volt.
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
415
VOLT
Freq-
uency 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. 50 Hz.
Nomi-
nal
Speed
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
35
M/MI
N
33
M/MI
N
35
M/MIN
Air
Conn-
ection
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
6
BAR
Year
2003 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2003 2003
M/C
Type
Rib Rib S/J S/J S/J S/J S/J S/J Inter-
lock
Inter-
lock
Rib
CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINE:

15. 15
Circular Machine is widely used throughout the knitting industry to produce fabric.
This machine can be built in almost any reasonable diameter and the small diameter of unto
5 which are used for wear.
M/C’s for outerwear and under wear may vary from 12” to 60” in diameter according
to requirement. This m/c. can be used either as fabric or for making Garments section
completely with fancy stitch. Latch needles are commonly employed in all modern circular
m/c. Because of their simple action and also their ability to process various types of yarn.
Plain circular m/c. uses only one sets of needles, circular Rib m/c uses two sets of
needle i.e. cylinder needle and dial needle, the inter lock circular knitting m/c also uses two
sets of needle by needles are long and short respectively for both dial and cylinder, that is
why multiple design and thick fabric can be produce with that m/c. that m/c is also called
double jersey m/c.
Some Terms of Knitting M/C
M/c Gauge - needle/inch (Varies according to diameter)
Needle Type - Latch
Needle bed type - single cylinder, double cylinder, Cylinder and dial, long short
needles far cylinder and long short needle for dial.
Two principle operations exist: -
English system- where the cams and yarns stands revolve by needle and fabric take
down is stationary.
American system- where the needles & fabric take down revolves by cams and yarn
stands are stationary.
#Main Parts Of Knitting M/C
1) Latch needle

16. 16
2) Cylinder
3) Dial (In case of double jersey m/c)
4) Cylinder driving gear.
5) Sinker
6) Sinker operating cam.
7) Cam box for needle.
8) Cam plate for needle.
9) Take up roller.
10) Stop motion.
11) Yarn feeding guide.
12) Tension adjustable screw.
11) Cone strand.
12) Positive feed system.
13) Tension pulley.
# Important Parts Of Machine:
Name of parts Function
MPF Magnet/Air Nozzle To deliver the yarn in proper place
Knot Catcher To hold knot, slub and after holding
stop the machine
Eye pot To pass the yarn smoothly
Hose pipe To clean dust
Needle fault detector To detect the needle from break
Oil Nozzle To flow oil into needle, sinker
Oil Pipe To pass oil
Air flashing Nozzle To flow air into needle, sinker
Air flashing pipe To pass air
Fabric detector To detect the fabric fault
Main Switch To start or off the m/c
Take down light To visualize the fabric while take
off
Important Equipment Of Circular Knitting Machine:
1. START / STOP / INCH BUTTONS:

17. 17
Complete set of easily accessible START / STOP / INCH buttons at top lf each
leg.
2. RATCHET LEVER:
Permits hand movement of the machine.
3. AUTO-STOP MOTIONS:
Automatic three (3) stage 24v. Yarn motion, positive feed tapes and knitting
zone. Indicator lamps are on individual stop motions and on the main control panel.
While the yarn is broken or too tight that we can find the location, which is broken as
wall as to repair, meanwhile the motor can break and stop operation at once to keep
the security of machine.
4. FREE STANDING SIDE CREEL:
With an active and reserve package for each feed.
5. AUTO-COUNTER:
Three- (3) shifts revolution with digital display counter with predetermined
stop, to settle freely the weight or yard of fabrics.
6. VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE WITH MACHINE BRAKE:
Transistor inverter provided for free controlled, the process of “V.S. MOTOR-
DRIVE” from slow operation to normal operation is quite and fast brake to prevent
damages in case of needles or yarn breakage.
7. FABRIC TAKE-UP SYSTEM:
With variable speed control by a belt drive set can be adjusted the speed for
different course of fabric-constant and uniform fabric tension.
8. SAFELY GUARD SWITCH:
Machine cannot be started or run with guards open, this guard have reinforced
fiberglass window for easy fabric inspection.
9. AUTO-LUBRICATION:
The automatic central pressurized oil sprayer can be adjusted at cycling time
and quantity to make cylinder, dial, sinker ring’s cams, needles and sinkers lubricated
enough, besides it has the function cooling and clearing and clearing.
10. AUTO-LINE REMOVAL SYSTEMS:

18. 18
Three fans on each rotating arm for clearing off any dust of creel and knitting
zone.
LAYOUT OF FLAT KNITTING SECTION
FLAT KNITTING MACHINE:
7
8
5
6
3
4
1
2
9

19. 19
Flat m/C’s are the most important industrial knitting m/C’s. The needles are mounted
in beds opposite in an inverted V. formation, are operated by cams in a reciprocating
carriage.
Two sets of needles normally position at right angle to cach other, Latch needles are
Commonly used. Because of the almost unlimited popular in western countries. Their main
disadvantages low productivity compare to other weft Knitting m/c.
SPECIFICATION OF FLAT KNITTING M/C
# Brand name: - KAUO HENG KH-313
# Model: - KH-313
# Gauge: - 14G
# Knitting Width: - 54”
# Knitting Speed: - 1.2 m/sec (Varies according to gauge & knitting speed.)
# Yarn Carrier: - 12 Yarn. Carries on 3 double rails.
# Cam System: - Single system (Tuck on front bed & near bed. High butt &
Low butt system.)
# Stitch Density: - Electrical control with stopping motion 00-99 levels.
# Racking: - 6 levels to left on right each per time.
# Fabric Take Down: - Compound main roller, torque motor control, high
Speed & low speed adjustable.
# Stop motion: - Yarn break, knot, needle break, shock, and fabric drop out, wrap
Around check, price count, motor overload etc.
# Drive: - Timing belt, no oil speed programming speed.
# Top Tension: - Electronic top tension, easy to thread the yarn through.
# Operation Lamp: - Green-Normal operation.
Yellow- Abnormal stop.
# Power: -220v, 1/3 HP motor.
# Control System: - Computer controlling system & L.C.D display.
# Wooden Case: - 2250X700X1790 mm.; N/G weight 550-1700 kgs.

20. 20
Chapter - IV
RAW MATERIALS
TYPES

21. 21
YARN SOURCE
Yarn Types Source Price
Cotton
Prime Spinning Mills.
Youth Spinning Mills.
Utah Spinning Mills.
Square Spinning Mills.
Hanif Spinning Mills.
Combed- 3$(approx.)
Carded- 2.85$(approx.)
Polyester Cotton
India 2.16$(approx.)
Grey Mélange
Shamim Spinning Mills. 2.75$(approx.)
Lycra (Spandex)
Local Market
(Made In Korea)
900 tk./kg
Yarn Types Composition % Count Dyed /
Undyed
Cotton 100% 24,26,30,34,40 Ne
(Both card &
comb)
Undyed
Polyester Cotton
(PC)
P-65%, C-35% 26, 28 Ne. Undyed
Grey mélange 100% 24 ,26 Ne Dyed
Lycra (Spandex) 100% 40, 20 Denier Undyed

22. 22
ANNUALYARN REQUIREMENTS
Monthly yarn consumption is approximately 225 ton/month.
So the annual requirement of yarn is approximately 2700 ton/month.
REMARKS
As the yarn consumption totally depends on production & production depends on
order of buyer, so recommendation of yarn type, source, price, reuirements may vary

23. 23
Chapter - V
PRODUCTION PLANNING,
SEQUENCE &OPERATIONS

24. 24
PROCESS FLOW CHART OF ABONI TEXTILES LTD.
Yarn in cone form
Feeding the yarn cone in the creel
Feeding the yarn in the feeder via trip-tap positive
feeding arrangement and tension devidce
Knitting
With draw the rolled fabric & weighting
Numbering
Grey inspection
Dyeing & Finishing
Final inspection
Packing
Delivery

25. 25
PROCESS DEFINITION
Knitting is the interlocking of one or more yarns through a series of loops. The length
wise columns of stitches, corresponding to the warp in woven cloth, are called WALES; the
cross wise rows of stitches, corresponding to the filling in woven cloth, are known as
COURSES, FILLING KNITS (WEFT KNITS) are those fabrics in which the courses are
composed of a single strand of yarn, while warp knits are those in which the Wales are
composed of single strands of yarn. GAUGE Corresponds to the yarn count in a woven
fabric, and is defined as the number of needles or yarns in ½ inches of cloth. The higher the
gauge, the more compact and finer the cloth.
PROCESS REQUIREMENTS
In Aboni Textiles Ltd. 3 types of machines are used for producing knitted fabric.
These are: -
1. Circular knitting Machine (Single Jersey Machines)
2. Circular knitting Machine (Double Jersey Machine)
3. Flat knitting Machine.
CONSIDERABLE POINTS TO PRODUCE KNITTED
FABRIC.
1. G.S.M.
It is technical term that indicates the weight of the fabric per square meter.
2. CHANGING OF G.S.M:
(I) Major control by quality pulley.
(ii) Minor control by stitch length adjustment.

26. 26
Altering the position of the tension pulley changes the G.S.M. of the fabric. If
pulley moves towards the positive directive then the G.S.M. is decrease. And in the
reverse direction G.S.M will increase.
3. POINTS THAT SHOULD CONSIDER IN CASE OF G.S.M. CHANGING:
1. Tension pulley
2. Cam position
3. Take up motion
4. FACTORS THAT SHOULD BE CHANGE IN CASE OF FABRIC DESIGN ON
QUALITY CHANGE:
1. Cam setting
2. Tension pulley
3. Set of needle
4. Size of the loop shape
5. RECOMMENDABLE POINTS OF A BUYER:
1. Diameter of the fabric
2. Design of the fabric
3. G.S.M. of the fabric
4. Total weight of the fabric
5. Yarn count
6. Types of yarn (combed or carded)
7. Color of the fabric.
PRODUCTION CALCULATION:
1. Production /kg/shift at 100% efficiency:
=
RPM of m/c X NO. of Needle X no of feeder X SL(mm) X60X8
10X2.54X36X840X2.2046XYarn Count
2. Production in Length/Shift in meter:

27. 27
=
No. of Course
Course/cm
=
M/C RPM XNO of Feeder X60X8 X Efficiency
Course/cmX100
3. Fabrics width in meter:
=
Total no of wales
Wales/cm X100
=
Total no of needles Knitting
wales/cmX100
R.P.M. USED IN CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINE:
M/C Type R.P.M. Use
24G S/J 30
24G S/J 37
24G S/J 39
24 G S/J 48
24G S/J 48
24G S/J 41
18 G Rib 20
18G Rib 21
18 G Rib 20
24 G Int 30
24 G Int 30

28. 28
RELATION AMONG YARN COUNT, GAUGE, S.L., GREY GSM, FINISHED
GSM & M/C DIA. (ACCORDING TO EXPERMENT):
M/C
No.
M/C
GAUGE
Fabric
Type
Yarn
count.
Grey
GSM
S.L.
(mm)
Finished
G.S.M
Grey
Dia
M/C
Dia.
1 18 G 1x1 Rib 30/1 CC 147-148 2.74 200 45" 38"
2 18 G 1x1 Rib 26/1 CC 170-172 2.74 200 42" 34"
3 24 G S/J-
Lycra
30/1 CC ______ 2.80 220-230 35" 30"
4 24 G S/J 26/1 CC 126-127 2.90 160 30" 24"
5 24 G P.PK 26/1GM 160-165 2.65 205-210 32" 26"
6 24G S/J 24/1 KC 140-142 2.86 180 26" 20"
7 24 G S/J 26/1 CC 126-127 2.90 160 30" 24"
8 24 G Double
Lacoste
26/1 PC 158-160 2.80 200 56" 30"
9 24 G P/Int 40/1CC 145 1.65 190 30" 30"
10 24 G P/Int 34/1 CC 162 1.70 220 34" 34"
11 18 G 1x1 Rib 26/1 CC 168 2.74 240 44" 36"

29. 29
FLAT KNITTING
PROCESS DEFINATION
Flat m/C’s are the most important industrial knitting m/C’s. The needles are mounted
in beds opposite in an inverted V. formation, are operated by cams in a reciprocating
carriage.
Two sets of needles normally position at right angle to cach other, Latch needles are
Commonly used. Because of the almost unlimited popular in western countries. Their main
disadvantages low productivity compare to other weft Knitting m/c.
OPERATION PROCEDURE OF FLAT MACHINES:
To start operation, depress a green button provided at the letf- hand side of the
machine. If either of the red buttons fitted at the right and left sides of the machine is pushed,
the machine will stop. For manual operaion, first push a black clutch button at the right hand
lower part of the machine to disconnect the clutch. Next, push away and turn right manual
operation handle. To reconnect the clutch for automatic operation, pull the manual operation
handle. The clutch lever is of 2-step type. When it is set to the 1st
step, changeover drum will
turn lightly, When performing link fitting to the drum or reknitting, the lever should be set at
this position. the clutch is connected when the clutch lever is raised to the 2nd
step.
Note :
Before raising the clutch lever don’s fail to push the START switch ( green button).
The clutch lever would not be raised unlelss motor is on operation. Forecible raising of the
leer will cause machine trouble on speed change mechanism

30. 30
PROGRAM SET ON M/C TO PRODUCE PLAIN COLLAR
001 3 45 7 _1_ 000__000__
000 1 45 1 000
002 0 45 7 _1_ 000__000__
000 0 45 1 000
003 0 45 7 _1_ 000__000__
000 1 00 0 000
004 3 45 7 _0_ 001__003__
000 1 45 1 004
005 0 45 8 _1_ 000__000__
000 1 45 1 000
006 0 45 8 _1_ 000__000__
000 1 00 1 000
007 0 00 0 _0_ 000__000__
000 1 45 0 000
008 0 00 0 _0_ 000__000__
000 1 45 0 000
009 1 22 9 _1_ 000__000__
000 1 22 1 000
010 2 60 9 _1_ 000__000__
000 0 00 0 000
011 0 00 9 _0_ 000__000__
000 0 65 1 000

31. 31
012 0 60 9 _1_ 004__011__
000 0 00 0 012
013 0 45 7 _1_ 000__000__
000 0 45 1 000
014 3 45 7 _1_ 045__000__
000 2 45 1 000

32. 32
FABRIC ANALYSIS:
1)FABRIC NAME : POLO PIQUE (P.PK)
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
 CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
LEGENDS:
^ ^ ∏ ∏ 1
∏ ∏ ^ ^ 2
^ ^ ∏ ∏ 3
∏ ∏ ^ ^ 4
^ = Knit cam
∏ = Tuck cam
1 = 1 Butt Needle
2 = 2 Butt Needle
3 = 3 Butt Needle
4 = 4 Butt Needle
S W A TC H

33. 33
2)FABRIC NAME : DOUBLE LACOST
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
 CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
^ ^ ^ ^ ∏ ∏ 1
^ ∏ ∏ ^ ^ ^ 2
^ ^ ^ ^ ∏ ∏ 3
^ ∏ ∏ ^ ^ ^ 4
S W A TC H

34. 34
3)FABRIC NAME : (1X1) RIB
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ .
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
 CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
For dial:
^ ─ 1
^ ─ 2
For cylinder :
^ ─ 1
^ ─ 2
S W A TC H

35. 35
3)FABRIC NAME : (2X2) RIB
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ .
 CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
For dial:
^ ─ 1
^ ─ 2
For cylinder:
^ ─ 1
^ ─ 2
S W A TC H

36. 36
4)FABRIC NAME : SINGLE JERSY
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ .
CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
^ ^ 1
^ ^ 2
^ ^ 3
^ ^ 4
S W A TC H

37. 37
5)FABRIC NAME : (1X1) INTERLOCK
 NOTATION DIAGRAM:
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙
 CAM ARRANGEMENT NEEDLE REPEAT
For dial:
^ ─ 1
─ ^ 2
For cylinder:
─ ^ 2
^ ─ 1
S W A TC H

38. 38
Chapter - VI
QUALITY ASSURENCE SYSTEM

39. 39
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURE
#1)Body & Rib Inspection:
All rolls are kept in front of the inspection m/c time to time and are inspected over the
greige inspection m/c visually in a pre-set speed against light. For any major or minor faults
like thick-thin, barre mark, fall out, contamination, fly, holes, oil lines, needle line, slubs etc
are recorded in greige inspection report to classify the fabric based on the four point system.
#2)Collar & Cuff Inspection :
Collar& cuff are inspected visually under the light box, any major or minor faulty
collar/cuff like having wrong ply, hole, needle line, slubs, wrong design, first round problem
etc properly counted and recorded.
#3)Fabric Roll Identification:
Based on the sequence of greige inspection, the inspector serially numbers each roll
ensuring that all rolls having the knit card with complete details of the roll.
PROCESS REQUIREMENT
#Cloth Inspection M/C:
Name of the m/c: UZU M/c for Garment
Model : UZ 900.31
Voltage : 220v Freq.-50/60 Hz.
Current : 3 amp.
Orgin : Thailand.
Serial : 0092522
Date : 01/11/2001
#Key Accessories :
Key accessories used for greige inspection process are:-
 Cutter/scissor
 Nipper
 Pointer
 Weighting balance
 Inch tape.

40. 40
QUALITY STANDARD
Aboni Textile Ltd. maintains the ISO standard in case of quality. Therefore, the four
point system is followed to inspect the body & rib fabric. The defects found and points given
against are recorded in the inspection sheet. Following table shows the four point grading
system followed by greige inspection at Aboni.
Four point grading system
Size of defects Penalty
3 inches or less 1 point
Over 3 inch but not over 6 inch 2 point
Over 6 inch but not over 9 inch 3 point
Over 9 inch 4 point
Following table shows common body and rib faults and response by greige inspection
section at Aboni Textile Ltd.:-
Rejection criteria for body & ribs
No. Faults Response
1. Needle mark Major needle line is rejected
2. Stripe Major needle line is rejected
3. Barre mark Rejected
4. Contamination & fly Approved for color but for white
shed 1 point is assigned
5. Slubs 1 point
6. Thick thin place Reject
7. Birds eye 1 point
8. Pin holes 1 point
9. Wrong design Reject
10. Mixed yarn Discuss with manager
11. Sinker mark Major sinker mark is rejected.
12. Missing yarn Use 4 point
13. Holes Do
14. Oil line/stain Do
15. Chemical Do
16. Dirt stain Do
17. Crease line Do
18. Uneven tension Discuss with manager

41. 41
Following table shows common collar and cuff fault and response taken by greige
inspection section at Aboni Textile Ltd.:-
Rejection criteria for collar & cuff
No. Faults Response
1. Wrong ply Reject
2. Hole Reject
3. Needle line Reject
4. Slubs Reject
5. Wrong design Reject
6. Wrong tripping Reject
7. Fly & contamination Acceptable for color but not for white
8. First round problem Reject
9. Uneven tension Discuss with manager
10. Missing yarn Reject
11. Crease line Reject
12. Rust line Reject
13. Oil stripe Reject
14. Thick-thin Reject
15. Wrong tube Reject
Following theory is used to calculation of Acceptance Quality Level:
A.Q.L= Points Counted X 36" X 100
Roll Length X Fabric Width
Following table shows the acceptance calculation followed by the greige inspection
section at Aboni Textile Ltd.:-
Acceptance calculation
Factory: Roll yardage (A)
Total points founds(B)
Formula :
B
A X100 =points per 100 yard
Classification :
<= 40 points = A type
41-60 = B type
61-80 = C type
above 80poin = Reject

42. 42
RESPONSE OF Q.C OFFICER
Response To Q.C Faults :-
Faults Response
Yarn fault Inform yarn supplier
Knit fault Inform knitting department
Response To Machine Fault :-
Faults Response
Any electrical fault Inform electrical maintenance
Any mechanical fault Inform mechanical maintenance

43. 43
Chapter - VII
MAINTENANCE

44. 44
MAINTENANCE:
It is required for proper functioning of knitting machines.
TYPES OF MAINTENANCE:
1. Routine maintenance.
2. Unscheduled major maintenance.
3. Scheduled minor maintenance.
(1) Routine maintenance:
 During this maintenance production should be off.
 During this maintenance cleaning should be done
 During this maintenance setting should be checked & adjusted if necessary.
 During this maintenance oiling should be done
 It takes approximately 5-6 hrs.
(2) Unscheduled major maintenance:
 It is done suddenly.
 During this maintenance production should be temporary off.
 It takes one day (minm
) but it depends on availability of parts.
(3) Scheduled minor maintenance:
 During this maintenance production should be temporary off
 It takes half a day.
(4) Preventive maintenance:
 It is done regularly.
 During this maintenance production should be temporary off.
 It is one kind of rectifying system..

45. 45
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE:
1. Cleaning procedure of the machine:
Machine generally cleaned during running by the
operator. He uses the air gun to remove dust, hairy fiber, and other foreign matter deposited
on the machine. Major cleaning operation is done when machine breaks down.
i. Type of cleaning:
 Manual cleaning by compressed air with the air gun.
ii. Cleaning points:
 Needle
 Sinker
 Creel tube
 Feeder
 Yarn
 Body of the machine
iii. Cleaning frequency:
 Daily per shift
2. Oiling procedure of the machine:
Nowadays all knitting machinery has automation.
Lubricating system in the machine is automatic. When machine’s different zone feels the
requirement of oil then oil circulates to that zone in correct proportion from the oil tank by
pumping. Operator just check the oil tank either it is full or empty. When the tank is going to
be empty then operator fill the oil tank by the recommanded oil. If the machine were inactive
in auto lubrication then there is a push button, which circulates oil to different zone.
i. Type of oil:
 Gear oil 630 (Mobil)
 Textile oil light (Mobil)

46. 46
ii. Type of grease:
 EP3
 XHP – 222
iii. Name of the greasing points:
 Dial gear
 Cylinder gear
 Roller gear
 Chain
 Sprocket
iv. Greasing frequency:
 Not frequently used.
v. Name of the oiling points:
 Needle butt
 Cam
 Trick
 Sinker
vi. Oiling frequency:
 Daily per shift in running machine
 Changing of gear oil in dial after 2000 hours.

47. 47
3. Setting points and their effect of changing:
Setting points Effects
 Quality adjustment
pulley (QAP)
 Yarn tension & stitch length
 Gauge meter  Cylinder movement (Up & Down),
 Control yarn tension and stitch length.
 Tension bolt on cam
box
 Cam box movement (Up & Down),
 Control yarn tension and stitch length.
 Spreader bar  Grey fabric diameter control,
 Stitch length control
 Fabric takedown
tension pulley
 In clockwise rotation of button fabric
takedown tension increases & vice-versa
 Centering bolt  Selection of rib or interlock gaiting
 Takedown
roller/change wheel
 Fabric takedown tension control
4. Maintenance schedule of the machine:
 Use 15-20 drops of oil per day in each machine dial.
 Give needle oil daily while the machine is running.
 Further oil change will be carried out after every 3 months.
 Grease to be given to all movable parts.
5-6 drops oil to be given in handle of bearing. Additionally it is necessary to clean the
ball bearings of the electric motor after2000 running hours and to refill them with grease.
5. Preventive maintenance of the machine:
 All persons do the maintenance work in the knitting machine should have
adequate knowledge about maintenance of knitting machine.
 They will cutoff the electric line, airline, and make them safe before
maintenance of machine.
 Checked that auto circuit breakers are fitted in the machine.
 Use dust mask.
 Keep all fire fighting equipment, first aid box ready.
6. Routine maintenance:
 In this factory having no routine maintenance of machinery. But generally each
three months maintenance is done for each machine randomly. Besides when

48. 48
any machine doesn’t run properly then call the maintenance stuffs from the
maintenance department. They will solve the problem either mechanical or
electrical.
MANPOWER SETUP FOR MAINTENANCE:
 Generally 1 or 2 persons from maintenance department come to solve the
problem of a single machine.
MAINTENANCE OPREATION:
 Any problem of machinery in the knitting department shall report to knitting
section and maintenance department.
 Knitting technician and maintenance assigned person will thoroughly
investigate the problem. Find out the causes of problem determines the degree
of service requires. Estimate spare requirement place requisition for spare to the
store and service the machinery to bring it back to running condition.
 All breaks down maintenance works will be recorded in the breakdown
maintenance register.
SERVICING OF CIRCULAR KNITTING MACHINE:
When a machine is selected for production after a long time break then servicing of
that machine is being essential. Besides due to long running machine sometimes jammed. So
it is required to clean that machine thoroughly. No machine is kept under rest after servicing.
At the start of servicing the machine is run for 30 minutes in empty condition with
adding oil. In this time the feeder, holder is parted then they are cleaned by compressed air.
Then cam boxes are separated from the machine. After that sinker and needle are removed
from the machine. Cam boxes and sinker cam bed are cleaned by compressed air. After
removing needles the tricks are petrol washed then adding lubricant. During petrol wash the
maximum dust is cleaned. The remaining dust is removed manually with care. During
servicing the damaged needle or sinker are replaced by the new one.

49. 49
MAINTEANANCE TOOLS WITH THEIR FUNCTIONS:
Tools & Equipments Functions
 Adjustable wrench  Loosening/tightening bolts
 Spanner  Loosening/tightening bolts
 Star screw driver  Loosening/tightening star screw
 Flat screw driver  Loosening/tightening flat screw
 Hex screw driver  Loosening/tightening hex screw
 Cutter pliers  Cable cutting
 Combined Pliers  Multi purpose
 Lock pliers  Lock setting
 Pulley key  Loosening/tightening Q. pulley
 Handle  To run machine manually
 Scissors  Cutting purpose
 Plastic hammer  Thrusting on rubber coated surface
 Iron hammer  Thrusting on hard surface
 Shouldering iron  Joining circuit
 Allan key  Loosening/tightening Allan nut
 Nut driver  Loosening/tightening nut
YEARLY PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE FOR FLAT
KNITTING M/C
Frequency: Weekly:
- Check each connection of torque control unit.
- Check main switch.
- Check main switch.
Frequency: Monthly:
- Check & clean dirt at main motor fan cover.
- Check safety measure switch.
- Check motor terminal.
Frequency: Two months:
- Cleaning the all m/c & equipments.
- Check on/off switch.
- Check all indicator lamps.
- Check temperature sensors.

50. 50
Frequency: Six Months:
- Check motor v-belt alignment & tension.
- Check all feeders & spring.
- Check main drive chain alignment & tension.
- Lubrication of all chain , gears & moving parts.
Frequency: Yearly:
- Check belt tension in the main motor tension.
- Clean & check bearing in the m/c.
- Checking m/c lubricating system.
- Greasing of all takedown grease points please.

51. 51
Chapter - VIII
UTILITY SERVICES

52. 52
AVAILABLE UTILITY FACILITIES:
1. Generator:
In this factory there are 2 numbers of generator. Among them only one generator
is in running condition, one generator is under standby. Generator number 2 is selected for
standby use. Because it’s fuel is diesel, which is very costly. Here electricity is produced and
supply to the different zones of the factory. Besides RDB's electricity is also available there .
But these current is not in use for production because to minimize expense and to avoid load
shedding.
Specification:
Gas Generator Diesel Generator
Name:- Caterpillar. Name:- Petbow Generating set
Sales model- G3412. S.L. no. 72221, Type- Gc200
CosQ-0.8 Hz.-50. Year of manufacture-1997
3 phase , 10 wire. Rated power-A, K.V.A-250
Generator -300volts , 70.2 amps Rated Power Factor - 0.8
Excitation- 32 volts , 7.3 amps Maximum site altitude-150
Frame- 589 , Rev/min(r.p.m)-1500 Maximum Altitude Temp-40'c
Maximum Temp. rise -105'c Voltage-400, Frequency-50
Meter altitude-1000 Control system type-GC2001
Class-B installation.
2. Compressor:
There are 2 compressors in the factory. They are all same in capacity.
There are 2 cylinders for the storage of compressed air. The outside air is first dried then
filtered before storage and supplied to the factory.

53. 53
Specification:
Compressor m/c -1 Compressor m/c –2
Dryer:
Name- Worthing Cressensac
Orgin- France.
Type- DW 84 / Sl no. CA1071301
Year-2002, Product no.-6221339700
Dryer V Hz. 234kw 3 ph.
Working pressure -16bar
Maximum pressure-16 bar
Maximum inlet temp-55'c
Maximum ambient temp-43'c
Refrigerant type-R404A
Dryer:
Name- CECCATO(DLX 77)
Orgin- ITALY.
Type-0077799 / Sl no. CIA024179
Year-2001, Product no.-6221339800
Dryer V Hz. 234kw 3 ph.
Working pressure -16bar
Maximum pressure-16 bar
Maximum inlet temp-55'c
Maximum ambient temp-43'c
Refrigerant type-R4041A, KG 1000
Compressor:
Type- RlR60bX6 , 400v 1P55
Refernce-6240330880
Sl. No. WC0102646
Bar max.-10.5
M3/h-432
Kw- 45
V/ph/Hz.- 400/3/50
Wt.-990 kg.
Compressor:
Type- 00717398, RL60/8, 400v 1P55
Sl. No. CA1024167, 2001
Bar max.-8
M3/h-432
Kw- 45
V/ph/Hz.- 400/3/50
Wt.-1000 kg.
Total Power 45 KW, HP-60
3. Boiler:
There is a boilers in the factory to provide steam in the dyeing and garment
section.
Specification:
Name:- Wee Chieftain Cochran Boiler: Data plate
S/n:- 23/2885
Year Of Manufacture:-2001
Design Press:-11 bar
Design temp:- 188'c
Hydraulic Test date:- 1/1/2001
Hydraulic Test Pressure:- 16.5

54. 54
Boiler Design to -BS2790 -class-I
Maximum Continuous Rating:- 5000kg/hr.
Maximum Operating Pressure:- 10.34
Fuel type:- Gas
Gas minimum supply pressure-58 mbar
Gas maximum supply pressure-100mbar
Supply Voltage:- 400/3ph./50.Hz.
SOURCE OF UTILITY:
#1) Gas.
#2) Water.
#3) Diesel.
#4) Electricity.

55. 55
Chapter - IX
STORE
&
INVENTORY CONTROL

56. 56
INVETORY SYSTEM
#) First taking stock report.
#) Considering in & out state of stock.
#) Then collecting the material according to requirement of different departments.
INVETORY SYSTEM FOR RAW MATERIALS :
ABONI TEXTILES LTD.
HEMAYETPUR, Savar , Dhaka.
Physical Inventory of November 2003 As on
SR.
No.
Code
No.
Item
Name
Receive Receive
Return
Total
QTY
Issued
QTY
Issued
Return
Total
Total
----------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
Reported by Store in charge Store manager Director

57. 57
MONTHLY STOCK STATEMENT (MAINTENANCE):
ABONI TEXTILES LTD.
HEMAYETPUR, Savar , Dhaka.
Department: Maintenance Section:
Physical Inventory of November 2003 As on
SR.
No.
C
ode
No.
Item
Name
Receive Receive
Return
Total
QTY
Issued
QTY
Issued
Return
Total
Total
----------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
Reported by Store in charge Store manager Director

58. 58
INVETORY SYSTEM FOR FINISHED GOODS :
ABONI TEXTILES LTD.
HEMAYETPUR, Savar , Dhaka.
Physical Inventory of November 2003 As on
SR.
No.
Code
No.
Item
Name
Receive Receive
Return
Total
QTY
Issued
QTY
Issued
Return
Total
Total
----------------- ---------------- ----------------- ------------------
Reported by Store in charge Store manager Director

59. 59
Chapter - X
COST ANALYSIS

60. 60
PRICE OF PRODUCT:
For costing we consider some parameter: -
Rate/kg
1. Yarn : 171 Tk. ( $2.85)
2. Knitting charge : 9 Tk.
3. Dyeing(average color) : 85 Tk.
4. Commercial : 8 Tk.
5. Process loss (10%)
Knitting=2%
Dyeing =8%
: 26 Tk.
Total 299 Tk.($5.00)
Knitting charge for different types of fabric:
Fabric type Rate/kg
Single jersey : 09 Tk.
1X1 Rib : 17 Tk.
Interlock : 25 Tk.
Polo P.K : 18 Tk.
Lycra s/j : 35/40 Tk.
(2X2) Rib/Interlock : 30/35 Tk.
Lycra rib : 30/35 Tk.

61. 61
Dyeing cost:
 White : 25/28 Tk.
 Average color : 80 Tk.
 Black : 40/45 Tk.
 Royal blue : 120 Tk.
 TC(solid) : 100/120 Tk.
COSTING OF PRODUCTS:
Costing of product depends on the following matters:----
1) Raw material
2) Knitting Charge
3) Dyeing Charge
4) Utility & Depreciation
5) Wages & Salary
6) Bank liability etc.

62. 62
Chapter - XI
MARKETING ACTIVITIES

63. 63
CONSUMEROF THE PRODUCTS:
There are many buyers and nominated buyer of different countries of this factory.
Here some of those are given below.
Buyer Nominated Buyer Country
H & M Nil U.K
Tesco Nil U.K
Newlook Nil U.K
BHS Araf(Fielding Group) U.K
Greenwoods Men's Fashion U.K
Ripcurl Oryx France
E5-Mode Nil Belgium
Oniel Multi Source Germany
Karstadt Nil U.K
Quelly Nil U.K
PACKAGE SIZE :
Boy's Range:- 2,4,6,8,10,12,14 yrs.
Men's Range:- XS,S,M,L,XL,XLL___4XL.
Ladies Range:- 38,36,42______52.
LOCAL MARKET:
Having no local market. The product of the factory is completely export oriented.
IMPORTING COUNTRIES:
#1) United Kingdom
#2) Belgium.
#3) Germany.
#4) Hong Kong.
#5) France
#6) Etc.

64. 64
MANPOWER:
Total Manpower of marketing = 5
Marketing Activities is done by the following way
Manager (1)
Merchandiser (3)
Asst. Merchandiser (1)
MARKETING STATEGY:
To ensure the quality about product. . The factory has a target to create market in other
foreign countries like Australia, Japan, Netherlands and other European countries.
DUTIES OF MARKETING OFFICER:
#1) To collect the order from buyer.
#2) To determine the price of product.
#3) To inform the buyer when the product in process.
#4) To ensure the fabric quality, product quality.
#5) To concern about the product until the shipment.

65. 65
Chapter - XII
CONCLUSION

66. 66
It is my immense pleasure that I have got the chance of taking my industrial
attachment in ABONI TEXTILE LTD. because it is a highly equipped mill of
modern machines and of sound management. I have learnt a lot from its technicians &
personnel. This training has bridged the gap between the theoretical and practical
knowledge. The training partners, on this regard, were also very much co-operative
and friendly. I am sure that the knowledge I have gathered from this training will
make a positive influence in my future profession.