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Ch2 introduction to c

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CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO C
OBJECTIVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2.1 Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Steps in Developing C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Editor Preprocessor Compiler Linker Source File program.c Modified Source Code in Memory Program Object Code File program.o Other Object Code Files (if any) Executable File
Steps in Developing C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning Concept :Program Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Beginning Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],{ } Begin the C Program main Must be used after main or function name. () ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],/* */ Every C statements must end with semicolon, known as statement terminator ; PURPOSES ITEMS
My First C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Program comment Preprocessor directive Output statement Function Body
2.2 C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rules : User Defined Identifiers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals : Variable & Constant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Variable ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals : Variable & Constant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Primitiva Data Types 0 Null (without no values) void 8 Characters char 64 Precision floating point numbers double 32 Floating point numbers float 16 Integers int Size in bits Type Specifier Data Types
Integer   Integer Type Bait Range short int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned short int 2 0 . . 65,535 int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned int 2 0 . . 65,535 long int 4 -2,147,483,647 . . 2,147,483,647 unsigned long int 4 0 . . 4,294,967,295
C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conversion Specifiers %s String of characters %c Characters %lf Precision floating point numbers (DOUBLE) %f Floating point numbers %d or %i Decimal Integer Type Specifier Variable Type
2.3 Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Arithmetic expression constant variable operand
Binary Arithmetic Operator ,[object Object],0 z = x % y Remainder % 3 z = x/ y Division / 12 z = x * y Multiplication * 4 z = x - y Subtraction - 8 z = x + y Addition + Value of z After Execution Arithmetic Expression Meaning Operator
Arithmetic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],steps
Operator in C ,[object Object],Use to compare values forming relational expressions Example : a > b c != 0 ! NOT || OR && AND Logical <= ≤ < < >= ≥ > > Relational != not = == = Equality C Operator Standard Algebraic Operator
Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prefix dan Postfix ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],5 i j 5 3 i j 6 3 i j 5 i j 6 i j 6 4 i j
Operator Precedence and Associativity Highest Lowest L – R = += -= *= /= %= R – L ?= L – R || L – R && L – R == != L – R < <= >= > L – R + - L – R * / % R – L ++ -- + - ! L – R () Associativity Operators
Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example C Program #include <stdio.h> #define STUDENT 5 void main( ) { int total = 456; double avg1, avg2; avg1 = total/ STUDENT; avg2 = (double)total/ STUDENT; printf(&quot; Average 1 : %.2f&quot;,avg1); printf(&quot; Average 2 : %.2f&quot;,avg2); }

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Ch2 introduction to c

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  • 17. Primitiva Data Types 0 Null (without no values) void 8 Characters char 64 Precision floating point numbers double 32 Floating point numbers float 16 Integers int Size in bits Type Specifier Data Types
  • 18. Integer   Integer Type Bait Range short int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned short int 2 0 . . 65,535 int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned int 2 0 . . 65,535 long int 4 -2,147,483,647 . . 2,147,483,647 unsigned long int 4 0 . . 4,294,967,295
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  • 24. Conversion Specifiers %s String of characters %c Characters %lf Precision floating point numbers (DOUBLE) %f Floating point numbers %d or %i Decimal Integer Type Specifier Variable Type
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  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Operator Precedence and Associativity Highest Lowest L – R = += -= *= /= %= R – L ?= L – R || L – R && L – R == != L – R < <= >= > L – R + - L – R * / % R – L ++ -- + - ! L – R () Associativity Operators
  • 33.
  • 34. Example C Program #include <stdio.h> #define STUDENT 5 void main( ) { int total = 456; double avg1, avg2; avg1 = total/ STUDENT; avg2 = (double)total/ STUDENT; printf(&quot; Average 1 : %.2f&quot;,avg1); printf(&quot; Average 2 : %.2f&quot;,avg2); }