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Defining User Experience      What Should You Expect?   Everything is Wrong!   HCI Foundations      Wrapping Up




       The User Experience
         from 30,000ft
            COMP33512
       Week 01 – Lectures 01/02


              Simon Harper
        University of Manchester



          Semester 2 – 2012/13
              last update: January 29, 2013

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Preamble Pop-Quiz




      Listen to this track...




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Preamble Pop-Quiz


     1. What is the significance Tom’s
        Diner in your everyday life?




                                                                 Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17




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Preamble Pop-Quiz


     1. What is the significance Tom’s
        Diner in your everyday life?
     2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
        for the User Experience?




                                                                 Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17




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Preamble Pop-Quiz


     1. What is the significance Tom’s
        Diner in your everyday life?
     2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
        for the User Experience?
     3. What properties of Tom’s Diner
        makes it so significant?



                                                                 Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17




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Preamble Pop-Quiz


     1. What is the significance Tom’s
        Diner in your everyday life?
     2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant
        for the User Experience?
     3. What properties of Tom’s Diner
        makes it so significant?
     4. Why does the significance of
        Tom’s Diner represent ‘Good’
        science?
                                                                 Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17




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Appendix A – Logistics

       A Twenty-one teaching sessions with one extra to cover
      revision topics grouped into double lectures on Wednesday’s from
      11:00 until 13:00; in Semester 2.

       B Three discussions in which the material for the coursework
      will be examined; coursework will take the form of three, 250
      word, discussions of key UX topics.

       C I consider that you are all adults and I will treat you as such.
      Attendance for all contact hours is entirely optional – however
      from past years experience there is a direct correlation between
      students who attend and those who get over 56% overall.
                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Appendix A – Logistics’ (pg. 319)



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Syllabus


       What Should You Expect                                   Effective Use
       Everything is Wrong!                                     Efficient Use
       UX the Ghost                                             Emotional Use
       Building under the Umbrella                              Dynamic Use
       It’s Complicated...                                      Judgment Without Cessation!
       Hat Racks for Understanding!                             Prove Yourself Wrong
       What People Want!                                        Don’t Panic!
       Don’t use a Napkin!                                      IRL


                                                                                  ...expanded in ‘Syllabus’ (pg. 319)



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The View from 30,000ft

         1. You should not confuse this high-level overview of the
            domain with the knowledge you would acquire in a full
            three-year degree programme.
         2. Tools, techniques, and the mindset necessary to competently
            approach your first user testing and user experience job.
         3. Designed from a practical perspective and will enable you to
            take a junior role in a user experience department, or
            usability company.
         4. Provide you with the overall knowledge to communicate with
            others and make sensible suggestions regarding UX work.
         5. Basis for future self study within the UX domain (Further
            Reading and SAQs).
                                                                                  ...expanded in ‘Preamble’ (pg. 17)



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Origins

             “UX as the practical application of research knowledge
          repurposed from other domains into the user facing software
                             engineering process”
              UX is still very young, however, it does bring together a
              number of already established areas within the HCI field;
              It is better for you to understand Manchester’s view, while
              realising there may be different ones out there and that in the
              end you will need to decide, after this course, the sort of UX
              you wish to do and how you think about the area; therefore,
              Our notes are from scratch; there is no set UX text (more on
              this late).
                                                                                    ...expanded in ‘Origins’ (pg. 18)



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Coursework Submissions
         1. You should submit all 250 word coursework assignments via
            Blackboard.
         2. These will be checked for length and plagiarism via the
            Turn-It-In system; after which point they will be graded.
         3. You will receive feedback and grades within two weeks of the
            submission deadline.
         4. Remember you can complete all coursework –
            see ‘Discussion Topics’; pg. 19 – as soon as you like – the
            deadlines are your last possible chance to submit.
         5. If you would like step-by-step submission instructions, or if
            you would like more information on just how the scripts will
            be marked then see ‘Appendix B – Coursework Submissions’;
            pg. 327.                              ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;




                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;
              If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
              an excuse – back-ups;




                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;
              If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
              an excuse – back-ups;
              If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
              this is not an excuse;




                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;
              If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
              an excuse – back-ups;
              If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
              this is not an excuse;
              You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and




                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;
              If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
              an excuse – back-ups;
              If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
              this is not an excuse;
              You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and
              No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But,



                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Defining User Experience      What Should You Expect?    Everything is Wrong!   HCI Foundations      Wrapping Up




Coursework Submissions
      Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions!
              The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t
              need to print;
              If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not
              an excuse – back-ups;
              If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident –
              this is not an excuse;
              You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and
              No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But,
              If you get hit by a bus; suffer a gruesome chain-saw accident;
              are attacked by a loose buffalo along Oxford Road. . . I may
              be lenient.                           ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321)



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Coursework Submissions – Plagiarism




  Don’t Do It!




                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 322)



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Discussion Topics Coursework # 1


      ‘Understanding, Scoping and Defining User Experience: A Survey
      Approach’ (10 Marks) – this work will enable you to understand
      the scope and the inconsistencies still present within the UX
      domain. It will enable you to understand that the definition of UX
      is not yet fixed and is someway based on the interpretation of the
      practitioner.
      Effie Lai-Chong Law, Virpi Roto, Marc Hassenzahl, Arnold P.O.S. Vermeeren, and Joke Kort., Understanding,
      scoping and defining user experience: a survey approach., In Proceedings of the 27th international conference on
      Human factors in computing systems, CHI ’09, pages 719–728, New York, NY, USA, 2009. ACM., ISBN
      978-1-60558-246-7., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813., URL
      http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813.




                                                                                     ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19)



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Discussion Topics Coursework # 2



      ‘Designing the Star User Interface’ (10 Marks) – the Star
      interface is really where all GUI interfaces began. It takes the user
      as a first and primary priority in the design and it is inconceivable
      that you do not have an awareness of these classic design
      principles as perspective computer science graduates.
      D. C. Smith, C. Irby, R. Kimball, B. Verplank, and E. Harslem., Designing the star user interface., BYTE, 7(4):
      242–282, 1982., URL http://www.guidebookgallery.org/articles/designingthestaruserinterface.




                                                                                     ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19)



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Discussion Topics Coursework # 3
      ‘Voice Loops as Cooperative Aids in Space Shuttle Mission
      Control’ (10 Marks) – this paper shows just how far UX and the
      techniques which it inherits from human computer interaction can
      go. We are mainly concerned with systems and objects which are
      purely commercial, however, in this case failures in the human
      interface can have serious consequences for a real-time mission,
      including the loss of the vehicle. Further, these kind of UX
      techniques can also be found in other critical interface
      components such as those controlling nuclear power stations or
      fly-by-wire aircraft.
      Jennifer C. Watts, David D. Woods, James M. Corban, Emily S. Patterson, Ronald L. Kerr, and LaDessa C.
      Hicks., Voice loops as cooperative aids in space shuttle mission control., In Proceedings of the 1996 ACM
      conference on Computer supported cooperative work, CSCW ’96, pages 48–56, New York, NY, USA, 1996.
      ACM., ISBN 0-89791-765-0., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188., URL
      http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188.

                                                                                   ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19)



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Secondary ‘Text’

      Zen and the art of motorcycle
      maintenance: an inquiry into
      values
      Robert M Pirsig., Zen and the art of
      motorcycle maintenance: an inquiry
      into values., Morrow, New York,
      1974., ISBN 0688002307., URL
      http://www.loc.gov/catdir/
      description/hc044/73012275.
      html.


                                                                               ...expanded in ‘Secondary ‘Text’’ (pg. 20)



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Assessment Structure

              30% of the assessment structure for this unit is made up
              from the four coursework components, the remaining 70% is
              from the final examination.
              Examination will be 1h:30m long and will be in two parts.
              The first part will be composed of 10 compulsory
              multiple-choice questions (no negative marking); while
              The second part will be a choice of one question from two.
              The questions on the second part will require longer answers
              and will be made up of sub questions.
              Topics will be drawn randomly from the course notes.

                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Assessment Structure – ‘MCQ’ Type Question
      If we had a group of users and we tested their ability to use a
      piece of software with no previous exposure, and we then tested
      them again one month later after continued use of this software;
      we will then have one group (40 users) with two scores (pre and
      post exposure to the software) on one measure (our software
      aptitude test). We now want to test whether a user’s scores are
      higher or lower after exposure to the software, or before. In this
      situation which statistical test might we use most effectively?
         1. Chi-Square;
         2. T-test;
         3. One Way ANOVA;
         4. Repeated Measures ANOVA; or a
         5. Mann-Whitney U.                                             ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Assessment Structure – ‘Bookwork’ Type Question




        A What do we mean by internal and external validity?
        B What is the scientific method and why is it important?




                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Assessment Structure – ‘Discussion’ Type Question




        A How does UX relate to standard software engineering
      requirements analysis? B If there are no 100% correct answers
      in UX, how do we decide what is right and what is wrong?




                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Assessment Structure – ‘Application of Technique’ Type
Question


    A List six UX errors in figure 92.
   B You have been tasked with
  proving that your companies
  software is immediately learnable.
  Design the experiments, discuss any
  issues, and describe how you would
  analyse the results.
                                                               Figure 92. ‘Example ‘Application of Technique’
                                                               Type Question’; pg. 325




                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Assessment Structure – ‘Original Thought’ Type
Question



       A What is Quality, define and discuss, and explain why you have
      come to this view and how it relates to the user experience.
       B Of 49 medical articles, 45 claimed to have uncovered
      effective interventions. Thirty-four of these claims had been
      retested, and 14 of these, or 41 percent, had been convincingly
      shown to be wrong or significantly exaggerated. Therefore
      between a third and a half of the most acclaimed research in
      medicine seems to be untrustworthy, is this a problem?

                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324)



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Expectations and Help
       A My primary expectation is that you will talk to me, interact,
      ask questions, and challenge me if you think I’m wrong; in general
      be interested. B Anybody interested will be able to understand
      this course and only by understanding will you be able to pass
      your exams.
      I am here to help. . .
              problems with the course itself,
              the work you are expected to do,
              problems in general (not course related),
              a need for more feedback either from your coursework or
              from the questions posed within the course lectures,
              or anything else you are not clear on. ....expanded in ‘Expectations and Help’ (pg. 325)
                                                       .

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Expectations and Help




        A Come to see me either at the end of each lecture or privately
      in my ‘open house’ sessions. B If I can’t help you, or if you do
      not feel comfortable talking to me (maybe because you have
      a problem with my teaching) then you can talk in confidence
      with your personal tutor, or your third-year supervisor.




                                                                        ...expanded in ‘Expectations and Help’ (pg. 325)



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Let’s Have a Break!




  Back in 10 Minutes!


  Come see me now if you have
  Questions Regarding this Lecture!




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Everything is Wrong!




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




      “. . . most people are fools, most
      authority is malignant, God does not
      exist, and everything is wrong.”




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!


  Jacob Nielsen famously
  suggests that usability
  evaluations can be
  conducted with only five
  people, and this will
  catch over 80% of the
  usability errors present.




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




    The Moon Orbits the Earth.

                                                                 Figure 2. ‘Moon’s Orbit’; pg. 26




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




Blind People Can’t See.




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




                                                           All Brains Have the Same
Blind People Can’t See.
                                                           Organisation.




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




  Vision is Parallel,
  Hearing is Serial.


                                              Figure 3. ‘Basilar Membrane’; pg. 26




                                                                             ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Everything is Wrong!




      Count the Number of Times the Basketball is Passed...
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJG698U2Mvo




                                                                            ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25)



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Be Curious, Be Critical

      “Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure
      that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with
      thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it...
      however. Hardly anyone bought it.”
      “receiving information about their impact on the environment ...
      people who said that providing them with information about how
      much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to
      them to use even more...




                                                                          ...expanded in ‘Be Curious, Be Critical’ (pg. 27)



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Be Curious, Be Critical

      “Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure
      that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with
      thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it...
      however. Hardly anyone bought it.”
      “receiving information about their impact on the environment ...
      people who said that providing them with information about how
      much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to
      them to use even more...
      ...interestingly, the message that most successfully changed their
      behaviour (information about how neighbours were making
      changes) was originally dismissed.”
                                                                          ...expanded in ‘Be Curious, Be Critical’ (pg. 27)



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HCI Foundations




                                                                                ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28)



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HCI Foundations

      As We May Think - Vannevar Bush
      (1948)


      “The human mind . . . operates by
      association. With one item in its
      grasp, it snaps instantly to the next
      that is suggested by the association
      of thoughts, in accordance with
      some intricate web of trails carried
      by the cells of the brain.”

                                                                                ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28)



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HCI Foundations




                                                                                ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28)



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HCI Foundations




      The Mother of all Demos - Doug
      Engelbart (1968)


      http://www.youtube.com/watch?
      v=1MPJZ6M52dI




                                                                                ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28)



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HCI Foundations – Not Covering
          Adaptation;                                         P&F or Languages;
          Customisation;                                      Cognitive Ergonomics;
          Personalisation;                                    Memory, Reasoning, &
                                                              Response;
          Transcoding;
                                                              Learnability;
          Document Engineering;
                                                              Mental Workload;
          Cognitive Science;
                                                              Decision-Making;
          Neuroscience;
                                                              Organisational Ergonomics;
          Systems Behaviour;
                                                              Socio-Technical;
          Interface Evolution;
                                                              Community Ergonomics;
          Emergent Behaviours;
                                                              Cooperative Work (CSCW);
          Apps and Agents;
                                                              Mobility/Ubiquity.
          Widget R&D;                                                           ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28)

          Software Ethnography;
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To Do for next week...


     1. Tom’s Diner SAQs (pg. 17)
        Discuss Next Week;
     2. Read your notes up to ‘UX
        Emergence’ (pg. 29); finally,
     3. Read ‘Understanding, Scoping
        and Defining User Experience:
        A Survey Approach’ (details on
        pg. 19) – Complete Coursework
        worth 10% – Submit by next
        week.



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Any Questions?




         Simon Harper 2.44 Kilburn Building
         0161 275 0599 (OR x50599)
         simon.harper@manchester.ac.uk
         Office Hours: Friday 14:00–18:00

                                                                               Figure 93. ‘Simon Harper –
                                                                               Your Mild-Mannered Course
                                                                               Tutor’; pg. 326



                                                                                       ...expanded in ‘Contact’ (pg. 326)



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UX from 30,000ft (COMP33512 - Lecture 1 & 2 - 2012/2013)

  • 1. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up The User Experience from 30,000ft COMP33512 Week 01 – Lectures 01/02 Simon Harper University of Manchester Semester 2 – 2012/13 last update: January 29, 2013 The User Experience from 30,000ft 1 / 35
  • 2. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Preamble Pop-Quiz Listen to this track... The User Experience from 30,000ft Defining User Experience 2 / 35
  • 3. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Preamble Pop-Quiz 1. What is the significance Tom’s Diner in your everyday life? Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17 The User Experience from 30,000ft Defining User Experience 3 / 35
  • 4. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Preamble Pop-Quiz 1. What is the significance Tom’s Diner in your everyday life? 2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant for the User Experience? Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17 The User Experience from 30,000ft Defining User Experience 3 / 35
  • 5. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Preamble Pop-Quiz 1. What is the significance Tom’s Diner in your everyday life? 2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant for the User Experience? 3. What properties of Tom’s Diner makes it so significant? Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17 The User Experience from 30,000ft Defining User Experience 3 / 35
  • 6. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Preamble Pop-Quiz 1. What is the significance Tom’s Diner in your everyday life? 2. Why is Tom’s Diner significant for the User Experience? 3. What properties of Tom’s Diner makes it so significant? 4. Why does the significance of Tom’s Diner represent ‘Good’ science? Figure 1. ‘Suzanne Vega in ‘Tom’s Diner’’; pg. 17 The User Experience from 30,000ft Defining User Experience 3 / 35
  • 7. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Appendix A – Logistics A Twenty-one teaching sessions with one extra to cover revision topics grouped into double lectures on Wednesday’s from 11:00 until 13:00; in Semester 2. B Three discussions in which the material for the coursework will be examined; coursework will take the form of three, 250 word, discussions of key UX topics. C I consider that you are all adults and I will treat you as such. Attendance for all contact hours is entirely optional – however from past years experience there is a direct correlation between students who attend and those who get over 56% overall. ...expanded in ‘Appendix A – Logistics’ (pg. 319) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 4 / 35
  • 8. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Syllabus What Should You Expect Effective Use Everything is Wrong! Efficient Use UX the Ghost Emotional Use Building under the Umbrella Dynamic Use It’s Complicated... Judgment Without Cessation! Hat Racks for Understanding! Prove Yourself Wrong What People Want! Don’t Panic! Don’t use a Napkin! IRL ...expanded in ‘Syllabus’ (pg. 319) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 5 / 35
  • 9. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up The View from 30,000ft 1. You should not confuse this high-level overview of the domain with the knowledge you would acquire in a full three-year degree programme. 2. Tools, techniques, and the mindset necessary to competently approach your first user testing and user experience job. 3. Designed from a practical perspective and will enable you to take a junior role in a user experience department, or usability company. 4. Provide you with the overall knowledge to communicate with others and make sensible suggestions regarding UX work. 5. Basis for future self study within the UX domain (Further Reading and SAQs). ...expanded in ‘Preamble’ (pg. 17) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 6 / 35
  • 10. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Origins “UX as the practical application of research knowledge repurposed from other domains into the user facing software engineering process” UX is still very young, however, it does bring together a number of already established areas within the HCI field; It is better for you to understand Manchester’s view, while realising there may be different ones out there and that in the end you will need to decide, after this course, the sort of UX you wish to do and how you think about the area; therefore, Our notes are from scratch; there is no set UX text (more on this late). ...expanded in ‘Origins’ (pg. 18) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 7 / 35
  • 11. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions 1. You should submit all 250 word coursework assignments via Blackboard. 2. These will be checked for length and plagiarism via the Turn-It-In system; after which point they will be graded. 3. You will receive feedback and grades within two weeks of the submission deadline. 4. Remember you can complete all coursework – see ‘Discussion Topics’; pg. 19 – as soon as you like – the deadlines are your last possible chance to submit. 5. If you would like step-by-step submission instructions, or if you would like more information on just how the scripts will be marked then see ‘Appendix B – Coursework Submissions’; pg. 327. ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 8 / 35
  • 12. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 13. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not an excuse – back-ups; ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 14. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not an excuse – back-ups; If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident – this is not an excuse; ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 15. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not an excuse – back-ups; If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident – this is not an excuse; You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 16. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not an excuse – back-ups; If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident – this is not an excuse; You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But, ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 17. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions Remember, No exceptions, No exemptions! The printer will be busy – this is not an excuse – you don’t need to print; If the power goes off or the computer explodes – this is not an excuse – back-ups; If your Hamster dies in a horrible ‘seed-choking’ accident – this is not an excuse; You haven’t got a dog – it cannot chew your answers; and No, your USB pen has not been abducted by aliens! But, If you get hit by a bus; suffer a gruesome chain-saw accident; are attacked by a loose buffalo along Oxford Road. . . I may be lenient. ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 321) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 9 / 35
  • 18. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Coursework Submissions – Plagiarism Don’t Do It! ...expanded in ‘Coursework Submissions’ (pg. 322) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 10 / 35
  • 19. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Discussion Topics Coursework # 1 ‘Understanding, Scoping and Defining User Experience: A Survey Approach’ (10 Marks) – this work will enable you to understand the scope and the inconsistencies still present within the UX domain. It will enable you to understand that the definition of UX is not yet fixed and is someway based on the interpretation of the practitioner. Effie Lai-Chong Law, Virpi Roto, Marc Hassenzahl, Arnold P.O.S. Vermeeren, and Joke Kort., Understanding, scoping and defining user experience: a survey approach., In Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems, CHI ’09, pages 719–728, New York, NY, USA, 2009. ACM., ISBN 978-1-60558-246-7., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813., URL http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518813. ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 11 / 35
  • 20. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Discussion Topics Coursework # 2 ‘Designing the Star User Interface’ (10 Marks) – the Star interface is really where all GUI interfaces began. It takes the user as a first and primary priority in the design and it is inconceivable that you do not have an awareness of these classic design principles as perspective computer science graduates. D. C. Smith, C. Irby, R. Kimball, B. Verplank, and E. Harslem., Designing the star user interface., BYTE, 7(4): 242–282, 1982., URL http://www.guidebookgallery.org/articles/designingthestaruserinterface. ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 12 / 35
  • 21. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Discussion Topics Coursework # 3 ‘Voice Loops as Cooperative Aids in Space Shuttle Mission Control’ (10 Marks) – this paper shows just how far UX and the techniques which it inherits from human computer interaction can go. We are mainly concerned with systems and objects which are purely commercial, however, in this case failures in the human interface can have serious consequences for a real-time mission, including the loss of the vehicle. Further, these kind of UX techniques can also be found in other critical interface components such as those controlling nuclear power stations or fly-by-wire aircraft. Jennifer C. Watts, David D. Woods, James M. Corban, Emily S. Patterson, Ronald L. Kerr, and LaDessa C. Hicks., Voice loops as cooperative aids in space shuttle mission control., In Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, CSCW ’96, pages 48–56, New York, NY, USA, 1996. ACM., ISBN 0-89791-765-0., http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188., URL http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/240080.240188. ...expanded in ‘Discussion Topics’ (pg. 19) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 13 / 35
  • 22. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Secondary ‘Text’ Zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance: an inquiry into values Robert M Pirsig., Zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance: an inquiry into values., Morrow, New York, 1974., ISBN 0688002307., URL http://www.loc.gov/catdir/ description/hc044/73012275. html. ...expanded in ‘Secondary ‘Text’’ (pg. 20) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 14 / 35
  • 23. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure 30% of the assessment structure for this unit is made up from the four coursework components, the remaining 70% is from the final examination. Examination will be 1h:30m long and will be in two parts. The first part will be composed of 10 compulsory multiple-choice questions (no negative marking); while The second part will be a choice of one question from two. The questions on the second part will require longer answers and will be made up of sub questions. Topics will be drawn randomly from the course notes. ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 15 / 35
  • 24. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure – ‘MCQ’ Type Question If we had a group of users and we tested their ability to use a piece of software with no previous exposure, and we then tested them again one month later after continued use of this software; we will then have one group (40 users) with two scores (pre and post exposure to the software) on one measure (our software aptitude test). We now want to test whether a user’s scores are higher or lower after exposure to the software, or before. In this situation which statistical test might we use most effectively? 1. Chi-Square; 2. T-test; 3. One Way ANOVA; 4. Repeated Measures ANOVA; or a 5. Mann-Whitney U. ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 16 / 35
  • 25. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure – ‘Bookwork’ Type Question A What do we mean by internal and external validity? B What is the scientific method and why is it important? ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 17 / 35
  • 26. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure – ‘Discussion’ Type Question A How does UX relate to standard software engineering requirements analysis? B If there are no 100% correct answers in UX, how do we decide what is right and what is wrong? ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 18 / 35
  • 27. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure – ‘Application of Technique’ Type Question A List six UX errors in figure 92. B You have been tasked with proving that your companies software is immediately learnable. Design the experiments, discuss any issues, and describe how you would analyse the results. Figure 92. ‘Example ‘Application of Technique’ Type Question’; pg. 325 ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 19 / 35
  • 28. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Assessment Structure – ‘Original Thought’ Type Question A What is Quality, define and discuss, and explain why you have come to this view and how it relates to the user experience. B Of 49 medical articles, 45 claimed to have uncovered effective interventions. Thirty-four of these claims had been retested, and 14 of these, or 41 percent, had been convincingly shown to be wrong or significantly exaggerated. Therefore between a third and a half of the most acclaimed research in medicine seems to be untrustworthy, is this a problem? ...expanded in ‘Assessment Structure’ (pg. 324) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 20 / 35
  • 29. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Expectations and Help A My primary expectation is that you will talk to me, interact, ask questions, and challenge me if you think I’m wrong; in general be interested. B Anybody interested will be able to understand this course and only by understanding will you be able to pass your exams. I am here to help. . . problems with the course itself, the work you are expected to do, problems in general (not course related), a need for more feedback either from your coursework or from the questions posed within the course lectures, or anything else you are not clear on. ....expanded in ‘Expectations and Help’ (pg. 325) . The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 21 / 35
  • 30. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Expectations and Help A Come to see me either at the end of each lecture or privately in my ‘open house’ sessions. B If I can’t help you, or if you do not feel comfortable talking to me (maybe because you have a problem with my teaching) then you can talk in confidence with your personal tutor, or your third-year supervisor. ...expanded in ‘Expectations and Help’ (pg. 325) The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 22 / 35
  • 31. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Let’s Have a Break! Back in 10 Minutes! Come see me now if you have Questions Regarding this Lecture! The User Experience from 30,000ft What Should You Expect? 23 / 35
  • 32. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 24 / 35
  • 33. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! “. . . most people are fools, most authority is malignant, God does not exist, and everything is wrong.” ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 24 / 35
  • 34. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! Jacob Nielsen famously suggests that usability evaluations can be conducted with only five people, and this will catch over 80% of the usability errors present. ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 25 / 35
  • 35. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! The Moon Orbits the Earth. Figure 2. ‘Moon’s Orbit’; pg. 26 ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 26 / 35
  • 36. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! Blind People Can’t See. ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 27 / 35
  • 37. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! All Brains Have the Same Blind People Can’t See. Organisation. ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 27 / 35
  • 38. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! Vision is Parallel, Hearing is Serial. Figure 3. ‘Basilar Membrane’; pg. 26 ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 28 / 35
  • 39. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Everything is Wrong! Count the Number of Times the Basketball is Passed... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJG698U2Mvo ...expanded in ‘Everything is Wrong!’ (pg. 25) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 29 / 35
  • 40. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Be Curious, Be Critical “Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it... however. Hardly anyone bought it.” “receiving information about their impact on the environment ... people who said that providing them with information about how much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to them to use even more... ...expanded in ‘Be Curious, Be Critical’ (pg. 27) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 30 / 35
  • 41. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Be Curious, Be Critical “Coca-Cola invested in cutting-edge customer research to ensure that New Coke would be a big success. Taste tests with thousands of consumers clearly showed that people preferred it... however. Hardly anyone bought it.” “receiving information about their impact on the environment ... people who said that providing them with information about how much money they could save if they reduced consumption led to them to use even more... ...interestingly, the message that most successfully changed their behaviour (information about how neighbours were making changes) was originally dismissed.” ...expanded in ‘Be Curious, Be Critical’ (pg. 27) The User Experience from 30,000ft Everything is Wrong! 30 / 35
  • 42. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up HCI Foundations ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28) The User Experience from 30,000ft HCI Foundations 31 / 35
  • 43. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up HCI Foundations As We May Think - Vannevar Bush (1948) “The human mind . . . operates by association. With one item in its grasp, it snaps instantly to the next that is suggested by the association of thoughts, in accordance with some intricate web of trails carried by the cells of the brain.” ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28) The User Experience from 30,000ft HCI Foundations 31 / 35
  • 44. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up HCI Foundations ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28) The User Experience from 30,000ft HCI Foundations 32 / 35
  • 45. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up HCI Foundations The Mother of all Demos - Doug Engelbart (1968) http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=1MPJZ6M52dI ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28) The User Experience from 30,000ft HCI Foundations 32 / 35
  • 46. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up HCI Foundations – Not Covering Adaptation; P&F or Languages; Customisation; Cognitive Ergonomics; Personalisation; Memory, Reasoning, & Response; Transcoding; Learnability; Document Engineering; Mental Workload; Cognitive Science; Decision-Making; Neuroscience; Organisational Ergonomics; Systems Behaviour; Socio-Technical; Interface Evolution; Community Ergonomics; Emergent Behaviours; Cooperative Work (CSCW); Apps and Agents; Mobility/Ubiquity. Widget R&D; ...expanded in ‘HCI Foundations’ (pg. 28) Software Ethnography; The User Experience from 30,000ft HCI Foundations 33 / 35
  • 47. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up To Do for next week... 1. Tom’s Diner SAQs (pg. 17) Discuss Next Week; 2. Read your notes up to ‘UX Emergence’ (pg. 29); finally, 3. Read ‘Understanding, Scoping and Defining User Experience: A Survey Approach’ (details on pg. 19) – Complete Coursework worth 10% – Submit by next week. The User Experience from 30,000ft Wrapping Up 34 / 35
  • 48. Defining User Experience What Should You Expect? Everything is Wrong! HCI Foundations Wrapping Up Any Questions? Simon Harper 2.44 Kilburn Building 0161 275 0599 (OR x50599) simon.harper@manchester.ac.uk Office Hours: Friday 14:00–18:00 Figure 93. ‘Simon Harper – Your Mild-Mannered Course Tutor’; pg. 326 ...expanded in ‘Contact’ (pg. 326) The User Experience from 30,000ft Wrapping Up 35 / 35