Process scheduling is a fundamental operating system function that involves cycling processes between CPU execution and I/O wait. The goal of multi-programming and CPU scheduling is to maximize CPU utilization by switching the CPU among ready processes to keep some process running at all times. The CPU scheduler selects a process from the ready queue to run, while the dispatcher gives control of the CPU to the selected process, with some latency time between stopping one process and starting another.

1. PROCESS SCHEDULING BASIC CONCEPTS
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2. Scheduling is a fundamental operating system function.
Process execution consists of a cycle of CPU execution and I/O wait.
I/O bound program have short CPU burst.
CPU bound program have very long CPU burst.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF PROCESS SCHEDULING

3. The objectives of multi programming is to have some process
running at all time, in order to maximize CPU utilization.
By switching the CPU among processes, the operating system can
make the computer more productive.
CPU scheduling is the basis of multi programmed operating systems.
OBJECTIVIES OF MULTIPROGRAMMING

4. “CPU Scheduler” select one of the processes in the ready queue.
CPU SCHEDULER

5. “Dispatcher” gives control of the CPU to the process.
DISPATCHER

6. “Dispatcher Latency Time” – The time it takes, for the
dispatcher to stop one process and start another running.
DISPATCH LATENCY TIME