The document discusses the Quipu, which were knotted cords used by the Incas and earlier Andean societies to store information. The placement, colors, and types of knots in the cords represented different types of data like population numbers, gold, and crops. Between 1200-1535 AD, the large Inca empire extended from modern-day Ecuador to Chile and was organized through this quipu recording system. Their mountain cities were built with impressive stonework architecture suited to the steep Andes terrain.

1. Ancient American Civilizations By: Nathalie Aspajo Ruiz First Middle