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Y
H
W

GovernmenT?
ACCORDING TO
LOCKE...
What is
government’
s purpose?
Where would YOU like to live?
State of Nature
●
●

●
●
●

Total freedom
No job or
education required
No rulers
No laws
Nothing is against
the law

Social Contract
● Government’s job is
to protect the rights
we are born with
● Government taxes
your income to pay
for services like
roads
● Government makes
laws to protect the
common welfare

Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
State of Nature

Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
Social Contract

Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
POLL
Do we need a government?
Thumbs Up
Thumbs Down
Thumbs to the side
o
ve to d
ha
es this nt?
o
What d overnme
Wait!
rg
with ou

Let’s Time Travel
to get
PERSPECTIVE
How did WE get HERE?
CAUSE/EFFECT:
EVENTS LEAD TO ENLIGHTENMENT
When you are figuring out causes and
effects, you are looking for a relationship
between two or more events.
Ask the question, ”What happened?” to
understand the effect.
Ask the question, “Why did it happen?” to
understand the cause.
Why government natural rights 2013 2
CAUSE
1448
Printing Press Invented by German,

Johannes Gutenberg
-Moveable type made it possible for the common
person to have access to books
EFFECT
leads to increase in literacy & people
start to question govt & religion.
CAUSE
1478: Catholic Monarchs,
Isabella and Ferdinand of
Spain, want to rid Spain
of Non-believers, Jews
and Moors.
EFFECT
1478: CONSEQUENTLY, the Spanish
Inquisition- began. Catholic Church
tortures Jews & Moors (to rid Spain
of non-believers) and thousands are
victims of burning at the stake,
beheadings and torture
CAUSE:
The Catholic Church sells
indulgences. An indulgence
forgave one of past sins and
allowed one after death to go
straight to heaven.
EFFECT:
CONSEQUENTLY, Martin Luther
nails 95 Thesis to Church door
questions corrupt practices of
the Church
CAUSE
PROTESTANT
REFORMATION ->
questions/protests
Church
teachings/practices
EFFECTS:
Leading to Bloody
Results= BURNING at the
stake
16th-17th c
The Scientific Revolution

questions
religious traditions and beliefs.
-> Scientific Method
-> Geocentric vs. Heliocentric
EFFECTS:
Hence, THE
ENLIGHTENMENT
Aka THE AGE OF REASON
politics, philosophy,
science and
communications change
dramatically.
The Enlightenment
17th-early 19th c: PHILOSOPHERS LIKE
JOHN LOCKE & BEN FRANKLIN
condemned TYRANNY (rule by a
tyrant) and superstition like burning
“witches,"-> challenged traditional
social practices -> basis of American
Revolution & French Revolution

-> Called for SOCIAL & POLITICAL CHANGE
-> Valued JUSTICE and
EQUALITY for all
-> Emphasized human REASON
and SCIENCE as the path to
knowledge

e

ck
n Lo
h

Jo

Ben n
li
Frank
TS
MOVEMEN
What other
SOCIETY?
changed
Explain.

What cha
nge does
our
society n
eed now
?
Why?
Brainstor

m
We are all BORN with

Natural Rights
that CANNOT be given
or TAKEN away.
-Locke
Why government natural rights 2013 2
Why government natural rights 2013 2
PROPERTY
State of Nature
A state of nature is just
like living in a jungle.
A “state of nature” is
defined as life without
government or laws.
Who survives in a
state of nature?

Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from
www.slideshare.net
HUMAN NATURE -> LOCKE V. HOBBES

of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.

Imagine…

You are walking down the
street and you notice that
the doors of a bank are wide
open. There are huge piles of
money sitting on the floor.
No one else is there. No one
will ever know whether you
go in and take some or all of
the money or if you just
keep walking.

Would you take the money? WHY OR WHY
NOT?
ario,
scen
this
ed on
BORN
Bas
OPLE
ST P E
MO
HAVE
ARE
THEY
R DO
EVIL?
DO
GOO
L FOR
NTIA
POTE
THE

Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
Is a government
necessary in shaping
how people behave?
1.

Many students responded differently to the bank
scenario.
●
What is your view of human nature?
●
Are people born good? Born evil? Explain.
R
A

C
E
1.

Many students responded differently to the bank
scenario.
●
What is your view of human nature?
●
Are people born good? Born evil? Explain.
R

People are born good or evil.

A
Human nature is based on environment and innate
understandings.
C For example, in class many students said they
would steal the money. However, others cited their
guilt as a deterrent.
E Clearly, some students who said they would steal
were not taught right from wrong.
2. Based on the bank scenario, what drives most people?
Selfishness? Guilt? Fear? Greed? Love? Kindness?
Compassion?
● How do you know?
R
A

C
E

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Why government natural rights 2013 2

  • 3. Where would YOU like to live? State of Nature ● ● ● ● ● Total freedom No job or education required No rulers No laws Nothing is against the law Social Contract ● Government’s job is to protect the rights we are born with ● Government taxes your income to pay for services like roads ● Government makes laws to protect the common welfare Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
  • 4. State of Nature Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
  • 5. Social Contract Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
  • 6. POLL Do we need a government? Thumbs Up Thumbs Down Thumbs to the side
  • 7. o ve to d ha es this nt? o What d overnme Wait! rg with ou Let’s Time Travel to get PERSPECTIVE How did WE get HERE?
  • 8. CAUSE/EFFECT: EVENTS LEAD TO ENLIGHTENMENT When you are figuring out causes and effects, you are looking for a relationship between two or more events. Ask the question, ”What happened?” to understand the effect. Ask the question, “Why did it happen?” to understand the cause.
  • 10. CAUSE 1448 Printing Press Invented by German, Johannes Gutenberg -Moveable type made it possible for the common person to have access to books
  • 11. EFFECT leads to increase in literacy & people start to question govt & religion.
  • 12. CAUSE 1478: Catholic Monarchs, Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain, want to rid Spain of Non-believers, Jews and Moors.
  • 13. EFFECT 1478: CONSEQUENTLY, the Spanish Inquisition- began. Catholic Church tortures Jews & Moors (to rid Spain of non-believers) and thousands are victims of burning at the stake, beheadings and torture
  • 14. CAUSE: The Catholic Church sells indulgences. An indulgence forgave one of past sins and allowed one after death to go straight to heaven.
  • 15. EFFECT: CONSEQUENTLY, Martin Luther nails 95 Thesis to Church door questions corrupt practices of the Church
  • 17. EFFECTS: Leading to Bloody Results= BURNING at the stake
  • 18. 16th-17th c The Scientific Revolution questions religious traditions and beliefs. -> Scientific Method -> Geocentric vs. Heliocentric
  • 19. EFFECTS: Hence, THE ENLIGHTENMENT Aka THE AGE OF REASON politics, philosophy, science and communications change dramatically.
  • 20. The Enlightenment 17th-early 19th c: PHILOSOPHERS LIKE JOHN LOCKE & BEN FRANKLIN condemned TYRANNY (rule by a tyrant) and superstition like burning “witches,"-> challenged traditional social practices -> basis of American Revolution & French Revolution -> Called for SOCIAL & POLITICAL CHANGE -> Valued JUSTICE and EQUALITY for all -> Emphasized human REASON and SCIENCE as the path to knowledge e ck n Lo h Jo Ben n li Frank
  • 21. TS MOVEMEN What other SOCIETY? changed Explain. What cha nge does our society n eed now ? Why? Brainstor m
  • 22. We are all BORN with Natural Rights that CANNOT be given or TAKEN away. -Locke
  • 26. State of Nature A state of nature is just like living in a jungle. A “state of nature” is defined as life without government or laws. Who survives in a state of nature? Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
  • 27. HUMAN NATURE -> LOCKE V. HOBBES of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www. Imagine… You are walking down the street and you notice that the doors of a bank are wide open. There are huge piles of money sitting on the floor. No one else is there. No one will ever know whether you go in and take some or all of the money or if you just keep walking. Would you take the money? WHY OR WHY NOT?
  • 28. ario, scen this ed on BORN Bas OPLE ST P E MO HAVE ARE THEY R DO EVIL? DO GOO L FOR NTIA POTE THE Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net
  • 29. Is a government necessary in shaping how people behave?
  • 30. 1. Many students responded differently to the bank scenario. ● What is your view of human nature? ● Are people born good? Born evil? Explain. R A C E
  • 31. 1. Many students responded differently to the bank scenario. ● What is your view of human nature? ● Are people born good? Born evil? Explain. R People are born good or evil. A Human nature is based on environment and innate understandings. C For example, in class many students said they would steal the money. However, others cited their guilt as a deterrent. E Clearly, some students who said they would steal were not taught right from wrong.
  • 32. 2. Based on the bank scenario, what drives most people? Selfishness? Guilt? Fear? Greed? Love? Kindness? Compassion? ● How do you know? R A C E