1. Rights and Duties
Code of Ethics

2. Rights
• legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom
or entitlement
• what is allowed of people or owed to people,
according to some legal system, social
convention, or ethical theory
• Effect or consequence of the law

3. Duties
• moral commitment to someone or something
• root idea of obligation to serve or give
something in return
• committed to the cause involve even if it
requires sacrifice
• restriction of free will through the prescription
of the law
• ought but not a must

4. Rights and Duties
• Correlative with each other
– If someone has a right, someone else have to the
duty to bestow it
• Rights and Duties are balanced there can be a
harmonious life

5. Division of Rights
• Law
– Natural - own of virtue in the conditions of nature
• Right to life, health, body, metal integrity
– Positive - conferred on person by ordinance of legitimate
authority
• Rights of labor and industry, right of inheritance and contracts
• Origin
– Connatural - right of man because of his nature as a person
• Right to marry, right of parents over children
– Acquired - right obtained through a mans specific actions
of his behalf
• Right to property, right to house or car

6. • Subject
– Public - right of private person against the state which end in common
good
• Right not to be condemned without due process of the law, right of unfair
confiscation
– Private - right of private person against private person which end in
individual good
• Right between employer and employee
• Connection with the subject
– Inalienable - cannot be transferred because it is necessary for the
fulfilment of mans purpose of being and essential duties
• Right to life , liberty of conscience
– Alienable - can be transferred because its not essential in human
nature
• Right to marry, free speech

7. • Connection to physical force
– Perfect – based on commutative justice that one may result to physical
force to exact it
• Right to the possession and use of one’s property
– Imperfect – based on virtue that one may resort to physical force to
exact it
• Right of a man to his wife affection, parent to the love of their children
• Relation to civil law
– Moral – based on moral laws
– Legal – enforced by civil authorities
• Object
– Real – entitles person power over his own possession
– Personal – entitles person power to exact something from another
person

8. Human Rights
• Individual
• Others to Family
• Others to its Domestic Affairs
• Others as a member of International
Community

9. The Rights of the Human Person
• The right to life and bodily integrity from the
moment of conception, regardless of physical or
mental condition, except in just punishment of
crime
• The right to serve and worship God in private and
in public
• The right to religious formation through
education and association
• The right to personal liberty under just law
• The right to the equal protection of just law
regardless of sex, nationality, color or creed

10. • The right of freedom of expression of information
and of communication in accordance with truth
and justice
• The right to choose and freely maintain a state of
life, married or single, lay or religious
• The right to education suitable for the
maintenance and development of mans dignity as
a human person
• The right to petition the government for redress
or grievances
• The right to a nationality

11. • The right of access to the means of livelihood, by
migration when necessary
• The right of association and peaceable assembly
• The right to work and choose one’s occupation
• The right to personal ownership, use and disposal
of property, subject to the rights of others and to
limitations on the interest of the general welfare
• The right to a living wage

12. • The right to a collective bargaining
• The right to associate by industries and
professions to obtain economic justice and the
general welfare
• The right to assistance from society, if
necessary from the state, in distress of person
or family

13. The Rights Pertaining to the Family
• The right to marry, establish a home and
beget children
• The right to economic security sufficient for
the stability and independence of the family
• The right to the protection of maternity
• The right to educate children
• The right to maintain, if necessary by public
protection and assistance, adequate standards
of child welfare within the family circle.

14. • The right to assistance, through community
services in the education and care of the
children
• The right to housing adapted to the needs and
functions of family life
• The right to immunity of a home to search and
trespass
• The right to protection against immoral
conditions in the community

15. The Domestic Rights of State
• The right to enact just laws binding in conscience
• The right to establish courts of justice and to
enforce the observance of law with adequate
sanctions
• The right to demand of its citizens respect for the
right of minorities
• The right to tax by adequate and equitable means
in order to carry out its proper functions
• The right to exercise eminent domain when
demanded by the common welfare

16. • The right to require that its people receive and
education suitable for citizenship
• The right to defend itself against domestic violence
• The right to watch over, stimulate, restrain, and order
the private activities of individuals and groups in the
degree that is necessary for the common good
• The right to regulate operations of international
economic groups functioning within its own
boundaries
• The right to adopt in time of emergency special
measures necessary for the common good

17. The Rights of States in the
International Community
• The right to exist as a member of international community
and to be protected in its national life and integrity against
acts of aggression by any other state or states
• The right to independence in the determination of its own
domestic and foreign policies in accordance with the
principles of morality and subject to the obligations of
international law
• The right to juridical equality with other states in the family
of nations
• The right to membership in the organized international
community and to the benefits of international cooperation
• The right to the assistance of international community in
securing the fulfilment in the terms of a just treaty

18. • The right to obtain from the international community
redress of grievances arising from unjust treaties imposed
by force
• The right to the revision of treaties which are no longer in
accord with fundamental justice
• The right to recourse to the procedures of pacific
settlement established by the international community for
disputes which diplomatic negotiations have failed to settle
• The right to maintain political, economic and social
intercourse with other states upon equal terms
• The right to access, upon equal terms, to the markets and
raw materials of the world necessary for its own life as a
people

19. • The right to protect its own natural resources
and economic life from unjust exploitation
• The right to the assistance of the international
community in time of economic or social
distress
• The right to grant asylum to refugees from
injustice