Impact of Roundup Ready® maize production system on NTO’s “North Europe”

1. Impact of Roundup Ready® maize
production system on NTO’s
“North Europe”

2. NTO’s Thomas Thieme (BTL)
Application, weed Sabine Kappes (Biovativ GmbH)
Soil characterisation Andre Schlichting (STZ Soil Biotechnology)
Sponsored by Monsanto
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3. Methods: Trial design
Test site
T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 N
T3 T5 T1 T4 T2
T4 T3 T2 T5 T1
T3 T1 T4 30m T2 T5
27m
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4. Methods: Treatment schedule in 2007 and 2008
Treatment 1: seed MONUMENTAL
Herb Metusolam+Flufenacet (A) A Pre-emergence
Herb Bromoxynil (C)
Herb Iodosulfuron+Foramsulfuron (C) (2007-05-10, 2008-05-02)
Treatment 2: seed MONUMENTAL B V2-3
Herb Metolachlor+Terbutylazine (B)
Herb Mesotrione (B) (2007-05-23, 2008-05-27/29)
Herb Rimsulfuron (C)
Treatment 3: seed RR CORN C V6-8
Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (B)
Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (C) (2007-06-11, 2008-06-17)
Treatment 4: seed RR CORN
Herb MON 69447 = Acetochlor (B)
Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (B)
Herb MON 78044 = Glyphosate (C)
Treatment 5: seed RR CORN
Herb Metolachlor + Terbotylazine (B)
Herb Mesotrione (B)
Herb Rimsulfuron (C)
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5. Methods: Sampling with pitfall traps (PT)
4 PT/plot; sampling dates: 2007 May-Sep, 9; 2008 May-Sep, 9
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6. Methods: Sampling with yellow sticky traps (YST)
4 YST/plot; sampling dates: 2007 Jun-Oct, 8; 2008 May-Sep, 9
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7. Methods: Visual assessments (VA)
15/20 stems/plot in 2007/2008; assessment dates: 2007 Jun-Oct, 9; 2008 May-Sep, 9
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8. Number of NTO’s per treatment caught/observed
Sampling 2007 2008*
method T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T2 T3 T4 T5
PT 6868 5984 6599 6693 5597 7911 8332 8458 8847
YST 2693 2735 2409 2635 2974 1589 1724 1572 2010
VA 436 467 520 492 500 1660 12997 5933 1463
∑ 9997 9186 9528 9820 9071 11160 23053 15963 12320
Total/year 47602 62496
Total 110098
* The very first application (A) at pre-emergence failed, therefore the arthropods
in plots of T1 are not taken into consideration
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9. Number of arthropod taxa in PT, YST and VA
Sampling Taxa in 2007 (n) Taxa in 2008 (n)
method Identified Sig. differences Identified Sig. differences
T2 T4 T2 T4
PT 132 11 124 5
YST 11 4 20 1
VA 11 3 17 4
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10. Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught 2007 and 2008 in PT
Taxa showing significant differences using ANOVA (AN) or Kruskal-Wallis (KW)
Taxon Test Sample T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
2007
H&P Amara spp. KW 8 a ab abc c bc
KW 9 ac b c ab abc
H Harpalus spp. KW 3 ab a a b a
H Harpalus affinis KW 3 a a a b a
P Anchomenus dorsalis AN 4 a a a b ab
AN 5 ab ab b ab a
P Bembidion spp. KW 7 a b ab b a
P Calathus fuscipes KW 6 ac b ab c ab
P Clivina fossor KW 9 ab ac ac b c
P Pterostichus spp. AN 4 ab a ab ab b
KW 9 a a ab b a
P Pterostichus melanarius AN 4 ab a ab ab b
KW 9 a a ab b a
H&P Staphylinidae AN 5 ab ab ab a b
KW 7 a a a a b
H&P Aleocharinae AN 5 ab ab ab a b
KW 7 a a a a b
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11. Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught 2007 and 2008 in PT
Taxa showing significant differences using ANOVA (AN) or Kruskal-Wallis (KW)
Taxon Test Sample T2 T5 T3 T4
2008
P Oedothorax spp. AN 2 a ab b ab
P Oedothorax apicatus AN 2 a ab b ab
P Oedothorax retusus AN 5 a b ab ab
P Calathus spp. KW 1 a a a b
P Trechus quadristriatus KW 3 a a b a
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12. Predators in PT: Araneae
2007 2008
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 1
Appl 3
Appl 2
Appl 3 T1
80
Mean number of arthropods per trap
Mean number of arthropods per trap
50 T2
70 T3
T4
40 60 T5
50
30
40
20 30
20
10
10
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
a a a a a
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13. Predators in PT: Oedothorax apicatus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)
2007 2008
T1
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 3
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 3
35 50
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
Mean number of arthropods per trap
T3
30 T4
40
T5
25
30
20
15 20
10
10
5
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T2 T5 T3 T4
a ab b ab
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14. Predators in PT: Oedothorax retusus (Araneae: Linyphiidae)
2007 2008
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 3
3.5
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
3.0 T3
T4
2.5 T5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T2 T5 T3 T4
a b ab ab
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15. Herbivores in PT: Amara spp. (Col.: Carabidae)
2007 2008
T1
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 1
Appl 3
Appl 2
8 Appl 3 5
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
T3
7
T4
4
6 T5
5 3
4
2
3
2
1
1
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T1 T2 T5 T3 T4 T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
a ab abc c bc ac b c ab abc
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16. Predators in PT: Bembidion spp. (Col.: Carabidae)
2007 2008
T1
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 1
Appl 3
Appl 2
25 Appl 3 25
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
T3
T4
20 20 T5
15 15
10 10
5 5
0 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
a b ab b a
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17. Predators/Herbivores in PT: Aleocharinae (Col.: Staphylinidae)
2007 2008
T1
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 1
Appl 3
Appl 2
10 Appl 3 15.0
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
T3
12.5 T4
8 T5
10.0
6
7.5
4
5.0
2
2.5
0 0.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
T1 T2 T5 T3 T4 T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
ab ab ab a b a a a a b
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18. Herbivores (H) and predators (P) caught on YST
Taxa showing significant differences using ANOVA (AN) or Kruskal-Wallis (KW)
Taxon Test Sample T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
2007
H Miridae AN 5 a b b b b
H&P Syrphidae KW 4 a a a b ab
P Coccinellidae KW 2 a a b b a
P Propylea
KW 2 a a b ab a
quatuordecimpunctata
2008
H Auchenorrhyncha AN 2 a ab b ab
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19. Mean number of arthropods per trap
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
BTL
0
03.05.
13.05. Appl 1
23.05.
20
Appl 2
02.06.
12.06.
40
Appl 3
22.06.
02.07.
60
Bio-Test Labor GmbH Sagerheide
12.07.
22.07.
80
2007
01.08.
11.08.
100
Days after sowing
21.08.
31.08.
120
10.09.
20.09.
140
30.09.
10.10.
160
Mean number of arthropods per trap
0
3
6
9
12
15
0
30.04.
Appl 1
10.05.
20.05.
20
30.05. Appl 2
09.06.
40
19.06. Appl 3
29.06.
60
09.07.
2008
19.07.
80
29.07.
Days after sowing
T2 T5 T3 T4
a ab b ab
08.08.
100
18.08.
Herbivores in YST: Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera)
28.08.
120
07.09.
17.09.
140
T5
T4
T3
T2
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20. Predators in YST: Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Col.:
Coccinellidae)
2007 2008
T1
Appl 1
Appl 1
Appl 2
Appl 3
Appl 2
Appl 3
10 3.0
T2
Mean number of arthropods per trap
Mean number of arthropods per trap
T3
2.5 T4
8 T5
2.0
6
1.5
4
1.0
2
0.5
0 0.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Days after sowing Days after sowing
03.05.
13.05.
23.05.
02.06.
12.06.
22.06.
02.07.
12.07.
22.07.
01.08.
11.08.
21.08.
31.08.
10.09.
20.09.
30.09.
10.10.
30.04.
10.05.
20.05.
30.05.
09.06.
19.06.
29.06.
09.07.
19.07.
29.07.
08.08.
18.08.
28.08.
07.09.
17.09.
T1 T2 T5 T3 T4
a a b ab a
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