Workshop slides for Connecticut Library Association, November 20, 2009, Farmington Public Library.

1. Crisis or Opportunity? Cataloging, Catalogers, RDA, and Change Diane I. Hilllmann Connecticut Library Association November 20, 2009

2. It’s About Perspective … “Our traditions! Nothing must change. Everything is perfect as it is! We like our ways.” –Tevye 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 2

3. I Much Prefer … “You never want a serious crisis to go to waste. And what I mean by that is an opportunity to do things you think you could not do before.” – Rahm Emmanuel 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 3

4. Part 1: What’s the Crisis? Libraries are no longer the first place people come for information The Internet has changed the way people (including us) behave when seeking information Our former “granularity consensus” is coming apart To compete effectively for user attention, we must: Join the larger world of information, where our users are Learn how the competition attracts users, draws them in, and takes good advantage of their interest in participating Find a better balance between protecting privacy and capturing usage behavior 11/20/09 4 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

6. The Map of Change Charting Our Course 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 6

7. What We Must Leave Behind A view of metadata based on catalog cards Library software that can’t sort search results better than “random” or “alphabetic” Search interfaces even Librarians hate (and we know the data!) Clunky static HTML pages that don’t attract our user’s interest, or guide them well One silo for books, others for journal articles, images, digitized books, etc. (explain that to a user!) 11/20/09 7 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

8. Starting to Move Forward A Starting Point: The Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control (Library of Congress) “On the Record”—final report, January 2008 http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/ A good, comprehensive overview of our new world and what we need to do Recommendations for LC, OCLC, ALA, library educators and all of us Extensively discussed at the Library of Congress and within the profession at large 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 8

9. “The Web is our platform” 1.2.4.2 All: Explore tools and techniques for sharing bibliographic data at the network level using both centralized and non-centralized techniques (e.g., OAI-PMH). 3.1.2.1 All: Express library standards in machine-readable and machine-actionable formats, in particular those developed for use on the Web. 3.1.2.2 All: Provide access to standards through registries or Web sites so that the standards can be used by any and all Web applications. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 9

10. A New Look at Library Systems 4.1.1.1 All: Encourage and support development of systems capable of relating evaluative data, such as reviews and ratings, to bibliographic records. 4.1.1.2 All: Encourage the enhancement of library systems to provide the capability to link to appropriate user-added data available via the Internet (e.g., Amazon.com, LibraryThing, Wikipedia). At the same time, explore opportunities for developing mutually beneficial partnerships with commercial entities that would stand to benefit from these arrangements. 11/20/09 10 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

11. Enriching Library Data 4.1.2.1 All: Develop library systems that can accept user input and other non-library data without interfering with the integrity of library-created data. 4.1.2.2 All: Investigate methods of categorizing creators of added data in order to enable informed use of user-contributed data without violating the privacy obligations of libraries. 4.1.2.3 All: Develop methods to guide user tagging through techniques that suggest entry vocabulary (e.g., term completion, tag clouds). 11/20/09 11 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

12. Exploring Our New World Avoiding the Traps of Wrongovia 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 12

13. Taking a Look Around What’s all this about new catalogs? Is RDA really going to happen? Is it that different from AACR2? Why can’t we use RDA with MARC? What’s this Semantic Web thingy all about, and why do we care? How will RDA implementation affect cataloging? How can we best prepare for all this? 11/20/09 13 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

14. First, Let’s Nix the Silos! Why not expand resource availability in the current catalog? Demo: Dartmouth College Library Summon Beta What you’ll see: combined newspaper, journal and traditional book data Only those resources, including licensed resources, available to Dartmouth community (no dead ends) Ranking by relevance, date, etc. Filtering by resource type (filtering of search result set immediately) How do they do this? What are the limitation? 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 14

15. What Does FRBR Buy Us? An interesting start: OCLC Fiction Finder What is it doing? Using standard MARC relationships (expressed in uniform titles, primarily) to build a more browsable view Filtering by language and format, various sort options What can’t it do? Provide explicit links between related editions Provide a more useful web of relationships that machines can interpret and use Note that this “experiment” is no longer an active project 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 15

16. A Quick Look at Standards 11/20/09 16 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

17. The RDA You’ve Heard About … 4th quarter calendar 2008 – Full draft of RDA available for constituency review (ending in early February 2009) http://www.collectionscanada.ca/jsc/rdafulldraft.html 3rdquarter calendar 2009 – RDA content is finalized 4th quarter calendar 2009 – RDA is released 1st quarter calendar 2010 – Testing by national libraries 2nd – 3rd quarters calendar 2010 – Analysis and evaluation of testing by national libraries 4th quarters calendar 2010 and beyond – RDA implementation ? 11/20/09 17 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington We are here

18. Under the RDA Hood A FRBR-based approach to structuring bibliographic data Contains more explicitly machine-friendly linkages (preferably with URIs) MUCH more emphasis on relationships and roles … … and less emphasis on cataloger-created notes and text strings (particularly for identification) Less reliance on transcription (important in an increasingly digital world) 11/20/09 18 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

19. RDA: The Text 1300+ pages and counting Looks a lot like it was designed by a committee Available only electronically, although many have called for a printed version (obviously can’t include 1300 pages!) Costs not yet finalized for the online product Text designed explicitly for online access, with user-configurable aspects Still very oriented towards textual resources 11/20/09 19 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

20. What You Might Not Have Heard JSC has gradually backed away from their original stance that RDA could be expressed easily in MARC Full integration of FRBR entities into RDA has made that problematic RDA has been developed explicitly to take advantage of the Semantic Web (although there are still residues of past practice) Changes made in MARC to support RDA are insufficient to allow full RDA expression (particularly relationships) in MARC 11/20/09 20 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

21. JSC Scenarios Scenario 1: separate records for all FRBR entities with linked identifiers Scenario 2: composite bibliographic records (with authority records representing each entity) Scenario 3: one flat record, with all Group 1 entities on a single record This is the only scenario that MARC can handle 11/20/09 21 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

22. The Rest of the Story RDA elements, roles and vocabularies have been provisionally registered The vocabularies and the text will be tied together in freely available RDA XML schemas Some efforts have begun to consider how MARC21 data can be parsed into FRBR entities and RDA eXtensible Catalog Project moving strongly in this direction Unfortunately, we don’t know much about what OCLC is planning Discussions about long term maintenance of both RDA and the vocabularies will begin after RDA release The push is already on for a multi-language RDA Vocabulary 11/20/09 22 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

23. RDF Vocabularies Hosted at the Metadata Registryhttp://metadataregistry.org/rdabrowse.htm 7 Upper ontologies (+ FRBR in RDA) 69 Value vocabularies Extracted from Entity Relationship Diagrams (built by RDA Online contractor, based on JSC decisions) 11/20/09 23 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

24. RDA & FRBR: Registered! RDA Group 1 Elements: http://metadataregistry.org/schema/show/id/1.html RDA Roles: http://metadataregistry.org/schema/show/id/4.html RDA Vocabulary example: Base Material http://metadataregistry.org/vocabulary/show/id/35.html FRBR Entities for RDA http://metadataregistry.org/schema/show/id/14.html 11/20/09 24 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

25. Who’s Doing This? DCMI/RDA Task Group See: http://dublincore.org/dcmirdataskgroup/ Set up during the April 2007 London meeting between JSC and DCMI Gordon Dunsire and Diane Hillmann, co-chairs Karen Coyle & Alistair Miles, consultants IFLA Classification and Indexing Section Gordon Dunsire, Centre for Digital Library Research, University of Strathclyde, will be registering FRBR entities and relationships Possible inclusion of ISBDs, FRAD, etc., in future 11/20/09 25 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

26. How Soon Will All This Happen? The bad news: This isn’t like 1981, when there was a “start date” and we knew exactly when to change gears More bad news: This transition is likely to be a pretty messy one, and last longer than we would like One unknown is OCLC’s role—at present they seem to be focused on consolidating control over library data and promoting WorldCat Local What little they have said indicates that they’ll be cramming data into MARC for the foreseeable future … Some vendors are starting to announce plans … 11/20/09 26 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

27. What Are the Challenges? Coordination with JSC (or it’s successor, given the need to move beyond “Anglo-American”) on long-term maintenance planning Need for lightweight process for expansion and extension, where change is not a multi-year marathon Continuing development towards a more Semantic web-friendly RDA (less reliance on transcription, for instance) Tool development (at all levels, including ILS vendors) We need lots of innovation in this realm! 11/20/09 27 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

28. Yet More Challenges Description Set Profiles that express more than one notion of “Work” and more than one communitypoint of view JSC still seeing the process through the lens of a text cataloger Their “core elements” make most sense for traditional books, serials, and other text-based objects Moving the MARC legacy data into RDA Including authority files Multi-lingual and specialized extensions Non-Anglo-American communities eager to participate 11/20/09 28 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

29. Multi-lingual RDA The NSDL Registry approach: Translations of labels, definitions and comments reside within the save vocabulary, with separate language attributes URIs stay the same, as do relationships Responsibility for updating translations rests with translation “owner”—who is enabled as a maintainer in the main vocabulary Disadvantages Unsure how extensively this strategy will “scale” Requires a “web of trust” and organizational commitment 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 29

30. RDA With German The Registry team has been working with the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek to build German language labels, definitions, etc. into the RDA elements and vocabularies The group developing these extensions consists of librarians from an array of German and Austrian libraries See Veronika Leibrecht’s blog post: http://metadataregistry.org/blog/2009/10/12/the-german-national-library-translating-and-registering-rda-elements-and-vocabularies/ A sample: RDA Content Type, still image:http://metadataregistry.org/concept/show/id/523.html 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 30

31. Part 2: Whither Catalogers? What Happens When The Revolution Comes? 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 31

32. Focus on Catalogers What do we anticipate will be different about our changed working environment? How will workflow change? How will the data look? What will the library vendor systems do with it? How will we integrate user data? What kinds of user data? What do we need to know to operate in this new environment? 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 32

33. Approaching Change Catalogers will need to separate what they know about information based on their current systems from what is more general in nature Much of the knowledge is portable, but needs updating The new environment is not as well organized (yet), so much learning will need to be self-directed Catalogers’ role may become closer to that of Metadata Librarian Managing data at a more abstract level (not as creators) Understanding the goals of changes anticipated and new requirements will be essential 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 33

34. Walking through a concrete example … From the DCMI/RDA Cataloger Scenarios 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 34

35. Jane Cataloger is assigned to work on a gift collection. Her first selection is a Latvian translation of Kurt Vonnegut's "Bluebeard: a novel." She searches the library database for the original work, and finds: *Author: Kurt Vonnegut *Title of the work: Bluebeard: a novel *Form of work: Novel *Identifier for the work: W224578 35 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington A Cataloger Scenario

36. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 36 Translated to RDA/XML: <frbrWork ID="rda.basic/01”> <rdarole:author>Kurt Vonnegut</rdarole:author> <titleOfTheWork>Bluebeard: a novel</titleOfTheWork> <formOfWork>Novel</formOfWork> <identifierForTheWork>W224578<identifierForTheWork> </frbrWork> Upgraded to RDA/XML with Links: <frbrWork ID="rda.basic/01”> <rdarole:author>http://lcnaf.info/79062641</rdarole:author> <titleOfTheWork>Bluebeard: a novel</titleOfTheWork> <formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/genre/1008</formOfWork> <identifierForTheWork>http://purl.org/identifiers/W224578</> </frbrWork>

37. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 37 with links to the following expression information: *Language of expression: English *Content type: Text and one manifestation: *Edition statement: 1st trade edition *Place of publication: New York *Publisher’s name: Delacorte Press *Date of publication: 1987 *Extent of text: 300 pages *Identifier for the manifestation: [ISBN]0385295901

38. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 38 Translated to RDA/XML: <frbrExpression ID="rda.basic/07”> <contentType>Text</contentType> <languageOfExpression>English<languageOfExpression> </frbrExpression> Upgraded to RDA/XML with Links: <frbrExpression ID="rda.basic/07”> <formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020</> <languageOfExpression>http://marclang.info/eng </> </frbrExpression>

39. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 39 Translated to RDA/XML (with links below): <frbrManifestation ID="rda.basic/09”> <editionStatement>1st Trade Edition</> <placeOfPublication>New York<placeOfPublication> <publishersName>Delacorte Press</publishersName> <dateOfPublication>1987</dateOfPublication> <extentOfText>300 pages</extentOfText> <identifierForTheManifestation>[ISBN]0385295901</> </frbrManifestation> <frbrManifestatiion ID="rda.basic/09”> <editionStatement>1st Trade Edition</> <placeOfPublication>http://www.getty.edu/tgn/7007567</> <publishersName>http://onixpub.info/2039987</> <dateOfPublication>1987</dateOfPublication> <extentOfText>300 pages</extentOfText> <identifierForTheManifestation>urn:ISBN:0385295901</> </frbrManifestation>

40. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 40 FRBR Group 1 Work Exp: eng Man: eng

41. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 41 Jane begins her description by linking to the existing Work entity. She then creates an expression description: *Content type: text *Language of expression: Latvian *Translator:Grigulis, Arvīds She creates an authority record for the translator since none yet existed. She continues by creating a fuller description for the new manifestation, linking to the authority record for the Latvian publisher (what luck, it already existed!). *Title: [in Latvian] *Place of publication: Riga *Publisher’s name: Liesma *Date of publication: 1997 *Extent of Text: 315 pages

42. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 42 Translated to RDA/XML: <frbrExpression ID="rda.basic/11”> <contentType>text</contentType> <languageOfExpression>Latvian<languageOfExpression> <rdarole:translator>Grigulis, Arvīds</rdarole:translator> </frbrExpression> Upgraded to RDA/XML with Links: <frbrExpression ID="rda.basic/11”> <formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020</> <languageOfExpression>http://marclang.info/lav</> <rdarole:translator>http://lcnaf.info/83219993 </frbrExpression>

43. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 43 Translated to RDA/XML (with links below): <frbrManifestation ID="rda.basic/09”> <title>[in Latvian]</> <placeOfPublication>Riga<placeOfPublication> <publishersName>Liesma</publishersName> <dateOfPublication>1997</dateOfPublication> <extentOfText>315 pages</extentOfText> </frbrManifestation> <frbrManifestatiion ID="rda.basic/09”> <placeOfPublication>http://www.getty.edu/tgn/7006484</> <publishersName>http://onixpub.info/6770094</> <dateOfPublication>1997</dateOfPublication> <extentOfText>315 pages</extentOfText> </frbrManifestation>

44. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 44 FRBR Group 1 Work Exp: eng Exp: lav Man: eng Man: lav

45. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 45 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Publisher Exp: eng Exp: lav Man: eng Man: lav

46. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 46 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects

47. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 47 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects Relationship Vocabularies Content Vocabularies Other Information In the “Cloud” Media Vocabularies

48. Examining the Genetics RDA’s model is primarily FRBR and FRAD, but also takes some of its DNA from Dublin Core DC’s Abstract Model de-composes traditional metadata “records” and re-composes them with additional levels above and below what we’ve traditionally thought of as our “atomic level” The DCAM also talks about “statements” in ways that help connect RDA to the Semantic Web The Semantic Web leads us into a different world of data 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 48

49. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 49 A Dublin Core View of the World DCMI Abstract Model: http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/

50. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 50 A Dublin Core View of the World DCMI Abstract Model: http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/

51. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 51 Anatomy of a Statement: Strings Property Value Place of Production: New York Value String

52. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 52 Anatomy of a Statement: URIs Property Value Place of Production: http://dbpedia.org/page/Daytona_Beach%2C_Florida For Related Description

53. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 53 A Related Description

54. “The Semantic Web is a web of data, in some ways like a global database”1 “first step is putting data on the Web in a form that machines can naturally understand... This creates what I call a Semantic Web - a web of data that can be processed directly or indirectly by machines”2 1. http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Semantic.html 2. Tim Berners-Lee, Weaving the Web. Harper, San Francisco. 1999. Slide from presentation to UKOLN by Adrian Stevenson, 11/09 11/20/09 54 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

55. Sets Cats, Descriptions, Whatever 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 55

56. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 56 Description Sets a Key Concept!

57. Description Set=“A set of one or more descriptions, each of which describes a single resource.”* 57 *DCAM Definition 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

58. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 58 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects Relationship Vocabularies Content Vocabularies Other Information In the “Cloud” Media Vocabularies

59. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 59 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects Relationship Vocabularies Content Vocabularies Other Information In the “Cloud” Media Vocabularies

60. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 60 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects Relationship Vocabularies Content Vocabularies Other Information In the “Cloud” Media Vocabularies

61. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 61 FRBR Group 2 FRBR Group 1 Work Author Translator Exp: eng Exp: lav Publisher FRBR Group 3 Concepts Objects Events Places Man: eng Man: lav Subjects Relationship Vocabularies Content Vocabularies Other Information In the “Cloud” Media Vocabularies

62. So, How Different Is This? A “Description Set” is an aggregation of statements … A MARC Record is an aggregation of fields Each has rules and specifications Each has ways of relating to other kinds of related information How hard can it be? 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 62

63. New Tools, New Knowledge Getting There From Here 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 63

64. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 64

65. Semantic Web Standards RDF: Resource Description Framework Statements about Web resources in the form of subject-predicate-object expressions, called triples E.g. “This presentation” –“has creator” –“Diane Hillmann” RDF Schema Vocabulary description language of RDF SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation System Expresses the basic structure and content of concept schemes such as thesauri and other types of controlled vocabularies An RDF application OWL (Web Ontology Language) Explicitly represents the meaning of terms in vocabularies and the relationships between them 11/20/09 65 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

66. Semantic Web Building Blocks Each component of an RDF statement (triple) is a “resource” RDF is about making machine-processable statements, requiring A machine-processable language for representing RDF statements A system of machine-processable identifiers for resources (subjects, predicates, objects) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) For full machine-processing potential, an RDF statement is a set of three URIs 11/20/09 66 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

67. Things Requiring Identification Object “This presentation” e.g. its electronic location (URL) Predicate “has creator” e.g. http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator Object “Diane Hillmann” e.g. URI of entry in Library of Congress Name Authority File (real soon now?) NAF: nr2001015786 Declaring vocabularies/values in SKOS and OWL provides URIs—essential for the Semantic Web 11/20/09 67 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

68. What Happened to XML? Nothing: XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is most likely how library systems will evolve after MARC It makes sense to use XML to exchange data between libraries, and some external services But RDF is gaining ground, and libraries will need to be able to accommodate it, and understand it An XML record is essentially an aggregation of property = value statements about the same resource RDF triples can also be aggregated using XML, but this isn’t necessarily the best way to realize the potential of RDF 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 68

69. New Sources of Data Governments The UK government is looking for ways to distribute it’s data widely: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8311627.stm The US government is joining the party: http://www.data.gov/ Geographic names: http://www.geonames.org/ New York Times: http://data.nytimes.com/ Other information (being used by the NYTimes) Dbpedia: http://dbpedia.org/About Freebase: http://www.freebase.com/ 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 69

70. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 70 http://dbpedia.org/page/Daytona_Beach%2C_Florida

71. Can Libraries Participate? 11/20/09 71 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

72. Users Bringing Users (and Usage) Into the Conversation 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 72

73. User Data “R” Us Sources of ‘active’ user data Tagging, etc. Review and rating systems Courseware systems Sources of ‘passive’ user data Logs of user activity Circulation or download data “Making data work harder …” –Lorcan Dempsey Collaborative filtering Data mining 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 73

74. Active User Data User tagging and description Ex.: The LC Flickr Project Ex.: LibraryThing Review and rating systems Ex.: Penn Tags Ex.: Amazon Courseware Systems Making connections so that courseware can reuse catalog information; catalogs can know what has been used in courses, when, and who assigned it 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 74

75. LC-Flickr Project Library of Congress and Flickr--“In a very elegant way, Flickr solves the authority conundrum of exposing collections content to social process. No need to worry if some comments or tags are misleading, arbitrary or incorrect - it’s not happening on your site, but in a space where people know and expect a wide variety of contributions. On the other hand, LC selectively reaps the benefit of these contributions.” (http://hangingtogether.org/?p=401) 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 75 An Example: http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/2536800324/

76. Librarything What is it? From the homepage: Join the world’s largest book club Catalog your books from Amazon, the Library of Congress and 690 other world libraries. Import from anywhere Find people with eerily similar tastes. Find new books to read Free Early Reviewer books from publishers and authors An example: http://www.librarything.com/work/112603 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 76

77. 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 77 What is PennTags? “PennTags is a social bookmarking tool for locating, organizing, and sharing your favorite online resources. Members of the Penn Community can collect and maintain URLs, links to journal articles, and records in Franklin, our online catalog and VCat, our online video catalog. Once these resources are compiled, you can organize them by assigning tags (free-text keywords) and/or by grouping them into projects, according to your specific preferences. PennTags can also be used collaboratively, because it acts as a repository of the varied interests and academic pursuits of the Penn community, and can help you find topics and users related to your own favorite online resources.nPennTags was developed by librarians at the University of Pennsylvania. “ An example: http://tags.library.upenn.edu/

78. Passive User Data Logs of user activity Usually locally maintained and analyzed Third party services like Google Analytics can provide important aggregate information Circulation or download data Tricky in library settings, where user privacy an important value, but can be successfully agregated Anonymized data can be stored and used for relevance ranking Take a cue from successful commercial sites like Amazon! 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 78

79. Hard Working Data Collaborative filtering Wikipedia: “ … the process of filtering for information or patterns using techniques involving collaboration among multiple agents, viewpoints, data sources, etc.” Ex.: Amazon (people who bought “X” also bought “Y”) Data mining Wikipedia: “ … statistical and logical analysis of large sets of transaction data, looking for patterns that can aid decision making.” Ex.: LibraryThing Zeitgeist 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 79

80. User Data Issues Privacy Being able to use information about a contributing user without violating personal privacy Complicated by differences in generational ideas about what privacy is Authority (who said?) Librarians have traditionally valued “objectivity,” but there’s no evidence that users see this as a value Management Keeping spammers out Filtering language and malicious intent 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 80

81. Sharing User Contributions Note how LibraryThing pulls Amazon descriptions Amazon has an API that allows other services to use its data Positioning Amazon data in other sites drives users back to Amazon—Libraries need to do this! As libraries move more of their unique data to the Web, they need to be aware of the marketing value of sharing data and allowing other services to combine it in new ways To do this, libraries will need to be able to package the data in ways hat others can capture it Ex.: XC Project is planning to share Courseware information 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 81

82. Preparing Ourselves Figuring Out What We Need To Know 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 82

83. Learning Strategies Group Learning Seminars (like this one!) Conference presentations Local study groups Self-directed learning Tutorials Blogs Keeping up with the discussion--You need a plan! 11/20/09 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington 83

84. Self-directed Learning Web tutorials: http://www.w3schools.com/ Blogs Get a Bloglines account (free) Start with a few, and expand: Lorcan Dempsey (http://orweblog.oclc.org/) Karen Coyle (http://kcoyle.blogspot.com/) The FRBR Blog (http://www.frbr.org/) Catalogablog (http://catalogablog.blogspot.com/) Cataloging Futures (http://www.catalogingfutures.com/) Metadata Matters (http://managemetadata.org/blog/) 11/20/09 84 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

85. Mailing lists Evaluate your current reading habits Are you spending too much time on lists that focus on MARC and AACR2 problem solving? Do you hear too much whining about change? Migrate to some of the lists discussing newer ideas web4lib@webjunction.org metadatalibrarians@lists.monarchos.com RDA-L@INFOSERV.NLC-BNC.CA DC-RDA@JISCMAIL.AC.UK Ask questions! Network! 11/20/09 85 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

86. Acronymia, We Are Here RDA: Resource Description and Access RDF: Resource Description Framework (a W3C standard) FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records FRBRoo: Object Oriented FRBR (harmonized with CIDOC CRM) FRAD: Functional Requirements for Authority Data FRASAR: Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation System (a W3C standard) 11/20/09 86 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington

87. Thanks & Acknowledgements Thanks for your attention! Slides and ideas from Karen Coyle, Gordon Dunsire, and too many others to count! Contact for Diane: Email: metadata.maven@gmail.com Website: http://managemetadata.com/ 11/20/09 87 CLA TSS Seminar, Farmington