Terminology of nervous system ترمینولوژی سیستم عصبی

1. Presented by
Dr Sadatinejad, Seyyed Mohsen,student of Medicine
from Iran,Kashan 19/12/2012

2. • Neuro/neuri: nerve
• Neurology
• Neurectasia
• Neurectomy
• Neurectopia
• Neurilemmitis
• Neuroglia
• Neuroplasty
• Neurorrhaphy
• Neurapraxia

3. • Neuro/neuri: nerve
• Neurilemoma:
Neurilemma : a tumor of a peripheral nerve sheath
Schwannoma : the most common type of neurogenic
tumor, usually benign.
Neurofibrosarcoma : neurofibroma-malignant type
• Neuroastrocytoma
• Neurinoma
• Neurocytoma :
1. edulloepithelioma(neuroepithelioma)
2. ganglioneuroma

4. • Neuro/neuri: nerve
• Neurulation
• Neuroblast
• Neuroblastoma
• Neuromere
• Neuroendoscope
• Neuranagenesis
• Neuromalacia
• Neuropathy
• Neurophysin
• Neuropore
• Neurosis

5. • Neuro/neuri: nerve
• neurolysis: (neurolyt'ic adj.)
1.release of a nerve sheath by cutting it longitudinally.
2.operative breaking up of perineural adhesions.
3.relief of tension upon a nerve obtained by stretching.
4.destruction or dissolution of nerve tissue.
• Neuroanatomy
• Neurosurgery
• Neuritis
• Neuralgia : Neurodynia

6. • Glio/Glia : neuroglia
• Glioma (neuroglioma)
• Glioblastoma
• Microglia
• Ganglio/gangliono:
• Ganglioglioma
• Gangliocyte
• Ganglionectomy
• Ganglionostomy
• ganglionitis

7. Meningo/Meningio:
• Meningitis
• Meningioma
• Meningocyte
• Meningorrhagia
• Meningococcus (Meningococci)
• Meningocele
• Myelomeningocele
• Encephalomeningocele

8. Myelo: spinal cord
• Myeloma
1. Myelo : spinal cord
2. Myelo: Bone (e.g ) myeloblast, myelomatosis or and …
• Myelitis:
1. inflammation of the spinal cord; often expanded to include noninflammatory spinal cord lesions.
2. inflammation of the bone marrow (osteomyelitis).
• Myelopathy:
1. any functional disturbance and/or pathological change in the spinal cord; often used to denote
nonspecific lesions, as opposed to myelitis.
2. pathological bone marrow changes.
• Myelography
• Myelatrophy
• myelomalacia
• Myeloschisis
• Poliomyelitis : polio- (“gray matter”)
• syringomyelia ( Syringe:tube/cavity)

9. Radiculo: root Encephalo: brain
• Radiculopathy • Encephalitis
• Radiculalgia • Encphaloma
• Radiculitis
• Encephalotomy
• Encephalography
• Radiculectomy
• Encephalopathy
• Encephalomalacia
• Encephalolith
• encephalopyosis
• anencephaly

10. Cerebro: brain
• Cerebral
cerebrocostomandibular syndrome
cerebrohepatorenal syndrome
• Cerebritis
• Cerebrosis
• Cerebrospinal
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Cerebrovascular
cerebrovascular disease brain disorder
cerebrovascular accident (CVA) synonym for a cerebral stroke

11. • Ventriculo: ventricle
• Ventriculitis
• Supraventricular
• Periventricular
• Ventriculostomy
• Ventriculotomy
• Ventriculoscopy
• ventriculometry

12. Thalamo: thalamus
• Thalamic: Thalamic
• Spinothalamic
• Thalamocortical
• Thalamostriate
Cortico:
• Corticospinal
• Corticotomy
• Corticopontine
(O!O! Don’t mix up all above with Corticosteroid)

13. Cerebello:
• Spinocerebellar : cerebellospinal
• Cerebellopontine
• Corticopontocerebellar
• Cerebellovestibular
• Cerebellitis
• Medullo:
• Extramedullary
• Intramedullary
• Medulloblastoma

14. Psycho: soul, mind
• Psychology
• Psychiatry
• Psychoanalysis
• Psychotherapy
• Psychotic:
1. pertaining to, characterized by, or caused by
psychosis.
2. a person exhibiting psychosis.
• Psychogenic
• Psychosis
• psychosomatic

15. Narc: sleep
• Narcolepsy
• Narcosis
• Narcotic:
1. pertaining to or producing narcosis.
2. an agent that produces insensibility or
stupor, especially an opioid.
• Narcissism
• Narcoanalysis
• Narcohypnosis

16. • Somno: sleep
• Insomnia
• Somnambulism
• somnifacient
• Somnolent(somnolentia):
1. drowsiness, or somnolence.
2. sleep drunkenness.

18. -phasia: speech
• Aphasia
(auditory aphasia=word deafness)
• Dysphasia (agrammatism)
• Heterophasia
• Heteroplasia
• Monophasia

19. -lalia: speech
• Alalia
• Dyslalia : paralalia
• Coprolalia
• Laloplegia
• Lalorrhea : logorrhea

20. • -lexia: reading
• Alexia (word blindness)
• Dyslexia
• -graphia: writing
• Agraphia
• Dysgraphia

21. -plegia: paralysis
• Diplegia
• Paraplegia
• Tetraplgia
• -paresis: weakness
• Hemiparesis
• Paraparesis
• Monoparesis
• Quadriparesis

22. -lepsy: seizure
• Epilepsy
• epileptogenic
• epileptiform
• Catalepsy
(Cata:lower,under e.g catalysis)

23. • -mania: excited state
• Manic:
suffix meaning “morbid attraction to”
or “impulse toward”
• Manic-deprssive
• Hypermanic:
• Hypomania
• Pyromania
• Megalomania

24. -phobia: abnormal fear
suffix meaning “morbid or unreasonable fear”
• Claustrophobia:
• Hydrophobia:
1. irrational fear of water.
2. choking, gagging, and fear on attempts to drink in the paralytic phase
of rabies.
3. former term for rabies.
• Photophobia
• Acrophobia
• Agoraphbia
• Claustrophobia
• Xenophobia

25. -phobia: abnormal fear
• Homophobia
• Xenoglossophobia
• Cancerophobia
• Necrophobia
• Tocophobia
• Scotophobia
• Nyctophobia
• Eremophobia

26. -phobia: abnormal fear
• pyrophobia
• demophobia: ochlophobia
• Phasmophobia
• brontophobia: tonitrophobia :keraunophobia
• Zoophobia
• Arachnophobia

27. -phobia: abnormal fear
• Apiphobia
• Ornithophobia
• Ailurophobia
• Cynophobia
• Ichthyophobia
• Entomophobia
• Ophidiophobia
• Musophobia
• Panophobia

29. -esthesia: sensation
• Hyperesthesia
• Hypoesthesia:
• Anesthesia:
1. loss of sensation, usually by damage to a nerve or receptor.
2. loss of the ability to feel pain, caused by administration of a
drug or other medical intervention.
• Dysesthesia:
1. distortion of any sense, especially of the sense of touch.
2. an unpleasant abnormal sensation produced by normal stimuli.
dysesthet'ic, adj.
auditory dysesthesia
• Cryesthesia
• Paresthesia : numbness
• Graphestesia
• kinesthesia

30. -algesia: pain
• Hypalgesia:
• Hyperalgesia
• Analgesia
1. absence of sensibility to pain.
2. the relief of pain without loss of
consciousness.

32. • Agnosia
• Amnesia
• sterognosia
• Dementia
• Astrocytoma
• Duritis
• Cordotomy
• lobectomy : leukotomy
• lobotomy
• Pallidotomy
• Craniectomy

33. • craniotomy
• Thalamotomy
• Tractotomy
• paranoia Greek word for “madness”
paranoid personality disorder
• Schizophrenia
schisis :cleaving/splitting/parting schiz/o: split
phren/o, psych/o, thym/o :mind
• catatonia: A phase of schizophrenia
• sedative : Latin sedativus Agent that relieves feelings of agitation.
• rachischisis: (synonymous with spina bifida) Rachi (From
a Greek word rhachis, meaning spine.)

34. • pachymeningitis : pachy : thick : Duramatter
• Leptomeningitis : Lepto : thin : archnoid + piamatter
• Autonomic nervous system
auto- (“self”); nom- (“name”); -ic (adjective suffix)
• Dendrite
dendrites (Greek, “relating to a tree”)
• Diencephalon
di- (“through”); encephal/o (“brain”)
• Dura mater
from durus (Latin for “hard”) and mater (Latin for “mother”)
• Hypothalamus
hyp/o (“below”); thalamos (Greek word for “bed”)

35. • Medulla oblongata
medius (Latin for “middle”); oblongus (Latin for “long”)
• Meninges
the plural form of meninx (Greek for “membrane”)
• Mesencephalon
mes/o (“middle”); encephal/o (“brain”)
• Pons
pons (Latin word for “bridge”)
• Ventricles
from ventriculus (Latin word for “belly”)
• Sciatica
from sciaticus (Latin for “hip”)

36. • Seizure
from saisir (French verb meaning “to
grasp”)
• Syncope
Greek word for “swoon” fainting
• contrecoup injury
(from French, meaning “counterblow”)
• multiple sclerosis
multiple (common English word); scleros
(Greek word for “hard”); -osis (“condition”)
• Hemiballismus