1. This Presentation Courtesy of the
International SOA Symposium
October 7-8, 2008 Amsterdam Arena
www.soasymposium.com
info@soasymposium.com
Founding Sponsors
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Testable Foundations for Service‐Oriented
Development
Ian Robinson
http://iansrobinson.com

2. Tests, Testing and Testability
Design &
discovery
Tests
Asserted
behaviour
Micro Alignment
Stories
Business‐IT
Alignment
Tests

3. A Map of the Territories: From What to How
Why?
Who? What? How?
What?
Benefits
Stakeholders Processes
provide
want deliver
Capabilities
realise host
Outcomes
Services
motivate
prevent
implement
Forces
Technologies
Obstacles
Stories, Capabilities, Services and Contracts
Stories Capabilities
Describe goals Resources to
& outcomes realise
outcomes
Contracts
Services
Assert
interactions Host
between capabilities
services

4. (Behaviour‐Driven Development) Stories
Outside‐in
As an rolee Man
Outcomes
< Ord r > agemen
I want <felfill orders bast service
to fu
a offer
current ture> ed on
So that <cbn m ings
I a eneet
ex
ef ct> mer
i usto
pectations
Value
efficiently
External
behaviour
Capabilities
Resources
People Processes Technology
Capabilities
Outcomes Stable
Processes Technology
What not How change changes

5. Contracts
Consumer‐Driven
Contract Design
Consumer
Adopt
Contract
Communicate
(Validate according to…) (Use according to…)
Execute
Produce Consume
XmlUnit
public class ArtistUpdatedTestCase extends XMLTestCase {
...
protected String xml;
public void testXPaths() throws Exception {
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:GlobalArtistCode", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:DefaultName", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:MainRepertoireOwnerCompany",
xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:MainRepertoireOwnerCompany/" +
"s:OperatingCompanyCode", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:MainRepertoireOwnerCompany/" +
"s:Name", xml);
assertXpathExists("/n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:ChangedDate", xml);
}
}

6. Schematron
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<schema xmlns="http://www.ascc.net/xml/schematron"> XML
XML
<title>ArtistUpdated Contract</title>
<ns uri="http://example.com/notifications" prefix="n"/>
<ns uri="http://example.com/artist" prefix="a"/>
<ns uri="http://example.com/sharedtypes" prefix="s"/>
<phase id="validateStructure">
<active pattern="structure"/>
</phase>
Schematron Intermediate
<pattern name="Validate structure" id="structure">
Schematron Intermediate XSLT
XSLT
rules
<rule context="/">
rules transform
transform
<assert test="n:ArtistUpdated"/>
</rule>
<rule context="n:ArtistUpdated">
<assert test="a:Artist"/>
</rule>
<rule context="n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist">
<assert test="a:GlobalArtistCode"/>
<assert test="a:DefaultName"/>
<assert test="a:MainRepertoireOwnerCompany"/>
<assert test="a:ChangedDate"/>
</rule>
<rule context="n:ArtistUpdated/a:Artist/a:MainRepertoireOwnerCompany">
<assert test="s:OperatingCompanyCode"/> Results
<assert test="s:Name"/> Results
</rule>
</pattern>
</schema>
An External DSL for Consumer Contracts
Declarative
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
ChangedDate : datetime
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
What not How

7. Validating XML
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
ChangedDate : datetime
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
<ArtistUpdated xmlns="http://example.com/notifications">
<Artist xmlns="http://example.com/artist">
<GlobalArtistCode>13570</GlobalArtistCode>
<DefaultName>Tom Waits</DefaultName>
<MainRepertoireOwnerCompany xmlns:c="xmlns="http://example.com/company">
<c:OperatingCompanyCode>HF32L</c:OperatingCompanyCode>
<c:Name>Mercury Records Ltd</c:Name>
</MainRepertoireOwnerCompany>
<ChangedDate>2008-09-10T13:57:14+01:00</ChangedDate>
...
</Artist>
<ArtistUpdated>
Validating JSON
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
ChangedDate : datetime
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
{
"ArtistUpdated": {
"Artist": {
"GlobalArtistCode": 13570,
"DefaultName": "Tom Waits",
"MainRepertoireOwnerCompany": {
"OperatingCompanyCode": "HF32L",
"Name": "Mercury Records Ltd",
},
"ChangedDate": "2008-09-10T13:57:14+01:00"
}
}
}

8. Validating YAML
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
ChangedDate : datetime
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
ArtistUpdated:
Artist:
GlobalArtistCode: 13570
DefaultName: Tom Waits
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany:
OperatingCompanyCode: HF32L
Name: Mercury Records Ltd
ChangedDate: 2008-09-10T13:57:14+01:00
Transformations
Validator
Validator
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
Contract ChangedDate : datetime
Contract AST
AST Serializer
Serializer
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
Graph
Graph

9. Validating Forms
ArtistUpdated [http://example.com/notifications]
Artist[http://example.com/artist]
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
MainRepertoireOwnerCompany : companyType (0..1)
ChangedDate : datetime
Company[http://example.com/company] id(companyType)
OperatingCompanyCode : string
Name : string
POST /notifications HTTP/1.1
Host: example.com
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 301
ArtistUpdated_Artist_GlobalArtistCode=13570&ArtistUpdated_Artist_DefaultName=Tom+W
aits&ArtistUpdated_Artist_MainRepertoireOwnerCompany_OperatingCompanyCode=HF32L&Ar
tistUpdated_Artist_MainRepertoireOwnerCompany_Name=Mercury+Records+Ltd&ArtistUpdat
ed_Artist_ChangedDate=2008-09-10T13%3A57%3A14%2B01%3A00
Social Networks for Contracts
Product Catalog
Product Catalog
Warehouse
Warehouse Marketing
Marketing
offers
offers
expects
expects expects
expects
Name = ArtistUpdated
Name = ArtistUpdated
expects
expects expects
expects
has
has
expects
expects expects
expects
expects
expects expects
expects
Name = Artist
Name = Artist
has
has
has
has has
Name = GlobalArtistCode
Name = GlobalArtistCode Name = ChangedDate
Name = ChangedDate Name = DefaultName
Name = DefaultName
Type = int
Type = int Type = datetime
Type = datetime Type = string
Type = string

10. Generating Consumer‐Driven Contracts
ArtistUpdated
Artist
GlobalArtistCode : int
ChangedDate : datetime
ArtistUpdated
Artist
GlobalArtistCode : int
DefaultName : string
ChangedDate : datetime
ArtistUpdated
Artist
DefaultName : string
ChangedDate : datetime
Services Share Contract, Not Type
Graph Contract
Contract
Graph
Consumer‐Driven
Contract Design
Consumer
Contract
Validator
Validator Serializer
Serializer
Execute
Produce Consume

11. Summary
• How do we get started?
– Iteratively fill out map of the territories
• 4 core artefacts:
– Stories
– Capabilities
– Services
– Contracts
• Consumer and consumer‐driven contracts:
– Tests exchanged between teams
– DSL for consumer contracts
Consumer‐Driven Contracts
• http://www.martinfowler.com/articles/consumerDrivenCon
tracts.html
• http://www.infoq.com/articles/consumer‐driven‐contracts
• http://iansrobinson.com/

12. Thank you
http://iansrobinson.com