1. Project
in
Fundamental Programming
By: Eunice B. Socubus
BM10203
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2. Looping Statement
&
Switch Case
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3. Table Of Content:
 Programming
 Looping
For
While
Do while
 Switch Case
If
Else
Then
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4. Programming
 A programming language is an artificial language designed to
communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the
behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.
 The earliest programming languages predate the invention of the computer,
and were used to direct the behavior of machines such as Jacquard looms
and player pianos citation needed]. Thousands of different programming
languages have been created, mainly in the computer field, with many
more being created every year. Most programming languages describe
computation in an imperative style, i.e., as a sequence of commands,
although some languages, such as those that support functional
programming or logic programming, use alternative forms of description.
 The description of a programming language is usually split into the two
components of Syntax (form) and semantics (meaning). Some languages
are defined by a specification document (for example, the C programming
language is specified by an ISO Standard), while other languages, such
as Perl 5 and earlier, have a dominant implementation that is used as
a reference.
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5.  A programming language is a notation for writing programs, which are specifications of a
computation or algorithm. Some, but not all, authors restrict the term "programming language"
to those languages that can express all possible algorithms. Traits often considered important
for what constitutes a programming language include:
 Function and target: A computer programming language is a language used to
write computer programs, which involve a computer performing some kind of computation or
algorithm and possibly control external devices such as printers, disk drives, robots, and so on.
For example PostScript programs are frequently created by another program to control a
computer printer or display. More generally, a programming language may describe
computation on some, possibly abstract, machine. It is generally accepted that a complete
specification for a programming language includes a description, possibly idealized, of a
machine or processor for that language. In most practical contexts, a programming language
involves a computer; consequently, programming languages are usually defined and studied
this way. Programming languages differ from natural languages in that natural languages are
only used for interaction between people, while programming languages also allow humans to
communicate instructions to machines.
 Abstractions: Programming languages usually contain abstractions for defining and
manipulating data structures or controlling the flow of execution. The practical necessity that a
programming language support adequate abstractions is expressed by the abstraction
principle; this principle is sometimes formulated as recommendation to the programmer to
make proper use of such abstractions.
 Expressive power: The theory of computation classifies languages by the computations they
are capable of expressing. All Turing complete languages can implement the same set
of algorithms. ANSI/ISO SQL and Charity are examples of languages that are not Turing
complete, yet often called programming languages.
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6. Looping Statements
 Loops are used to repeat a block of code in programming. Being able to
have your program repeatedly execute a block of code is one of the most
basic but useful tasks in programming. There are three types of Looping
Statement,
These are:
 For
 While
 Do while
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7. For Loop Statement
 Terminates the loop or switch statement and
transfers execution to the statement
immediately following the loop or switch.
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8. While Loop Statement
 Repeats a statement or group of statements
until a given condition is true. It tests the
condition before executing the loop body.
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9. Do…While Loop Statement
 Like a while statement, except that it tests the
condition at the end of the loop body.
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10. Switch Case Statement
• In programming, a switch, case, select or inspect statement is
a type of selection control mechanism that exists in most
imperative programming languages such as Pascal, Ada, C/C+
+, C#, Java, and so on. It is also included in several other types
of languages.
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11. Sample Programs
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12. Codes & Outputs in Switch Case
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13. This Program uses a Switch Case
Statement so that the user will
have a choice. It contains days,
each days have a own number to
know where do they belong.
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14. When you run the program, this
will be the sample output. The
Program wants you to give a number
and then it will give you the Day.
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15. This program is a Grading System, it
Converts percent into average.
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16. When you run the program, this is the
sample output. The conversion is shown
in the box.
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17. This program is use for ATM
machines, it computes Credit
Limit and Total Purchased.
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18. This output shown the
Computation and the remaining
credit.
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19. This program is for reservation
of seats and it will compute the
total price of the reservation.
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20. Here is the output of the program,
it contains how the reservation is done,
the price and the Total Sale.
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21. You will just type what numbers you
like most and letters in this
Program.
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22. In this output, when you choose a number
And letter it will simply reply.
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23. Codes & Outputs in Looping
Statement
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24. This program uses Looping
Statement, this program show
the
Rows and columns.
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25. You will just simply input
number of rows and columns,
the program will automatically
show the output.
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26. In this program, I just
use DO and While.
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27. The output shows
numbers 10 up to 99 in
order
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28. I use For Statement so that
the program will loop.
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29. The output is this, when you
input a number, it will show
the number, square, and
cube.
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30. This program
will compute
the Total Sales
of the Number
of Seats and
Price.
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31. This is where you
will see the
computation and
how the program
run.
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32. This code is just simply
display numbers 0 to 8.
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33. This is the sample
output of the
program.
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34.  Slideshare.net
 Account: socubus0527
 http://www.slideshare.net/recto1136
9121/fundamentals-of-programming-
final
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35. In partial fulfillment of requirements in
Fundamental Programming
Submitted to: Prof. Erwin Globio
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Submitted by: Eunice B. Socubus
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