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3. A tectonic plate is a part of the earth where
there is ocean or land.
What occurs at plate margins?
The following movements may occur at plate
margins.

4.  Oceanic and  Two continental plates
continental plates move apart forming
meet. The oceanic is islands/volcanoes.
heavier so it goes
down. The place where
they meet is called
subduction zone.
Constructive plate
Destructive plate margin
margin

5.  Two continental plates  When two plates move
go up forming forward making a small
mountains. hole where magma
passes or just an
earthquake.
Conservative plate
Collision plate margin
margins

6. Causes: Plate movement, volcano explosion,
magma pressure.
Damages: Buildings destroyed, chaos collapse,
disaster, people die or become homeless,
roads collapsed, bridges damaged.
Preventions: Evacuation routes, resistant
buildings and roads, simulations, having
emergency services available, setting up
warning information system.
Richter Scale: A scale invented to measure the
energy realased by earthqueakes.

7.  Causes: Plate movement, magma pressure,
conduction zone.
 Damages: Several cities destroyed, people killed,
Lahar (when in a nevado lava comes out and
mixes with snow it becomes water, this water
comes down the mountain mixing with ash and
mud), ash cause loss of oxygen, houses
damaged.
 Preventions: Setting up monitoring, preparing
evacuation plan, training emergency services,
post erruption plants.
 Shapes: Shield volcanoes, which are broad and
flat, are less destructive than composite
volcanoes, which are cone shaped.

8.  Causes: Earthquakes near water, magma
pressure, big waves, destructive ,margins.
 Damages: Floods, houses destroyed, wildlife
and humans killed.
 Preventions: Evacuation routes, emergency
services ready, post tsunamis plans.

9.  Why do people live in active areas? Taken
from case study, earthquake in Merapi
 Near volcanoes there is usually fertile soil,
heat from the earth usually works for
geothermal enery and make geysers for
tourism, being one of the most important
advantage, tourism also develops in people
wanting to climb volcanos and lots of
excursions and expeditions.

11.  Natural resources are things that we can use and
are not man made.
 Types of resources:
 Renewable: can be replaced in a short period of
time.
 Non-renewable: can’t be replaced.
 Re-usable: can be used many times.
 Recyclable: can be changed in form and used
again.
 Sustainable: renewable resources than can
disappear if we don’t look for it.
 Sustainability: how we use resources and care for
the enviroment.

12.  Uses:
 Electricity: machines, communication, light,
education, etc.
 Transport: tourism, trade,etc.

13.  Uses:
drinking, washing, transport, trade, entertain
ment, food, agriculture, electricity.
 Problems:
Waste, contamination, enviromental
damage, diseases, floods, drought, wars, conf
lict.
 Solutions: Clean water, save/reuse
water, distribute water, canals, better
planning.

14.  Uses: Eat, biomass.
 Problems: Bad diet, because of biofuels it
gets more expensive, bad
distribution, desertification.
 Solutions: For desertification: crop
rotation, move animals
around, fertilizers, compost, water.

15.  Types: human and animal waste and trash
waste.
 Uses: Animal waste is used as landfill gas
(energy). Trash waste is often recycled.

16.  Energy: 70% of electricity is hydroelectric, it
produces lots of fossil fuels, renewable, clean
and cheap energy.
 Water: Used for hydroelectricity.
 Problems: Hydroelectricity doesn’t produce as
much energy as fossil fuels.