1. Automata in the Middle Ages

2. Daedalus Hephaestus

4. Egyptian Proto-automata

7. Empire of Alexander the Great 334-323 B. C.

8. Islamic Empire 633-750 A. D.

9. Automata of Abu’l Izz Isma’il al-Jazari

10. Li Livri du Graunt Caam Marco Polo MS Bodl. 264 c. 1400

11. Marvels of the East Mandeville’s Travels 1547

12. Emperor Theophilos 829-842 A.D. Constantine VII 945-959 A. D.

14. Journey of William of Rubruck 1253-1255 A. D.

16. Roman d’Alexandre MS. Bodl. 264 1338-44

17. Li Livres du Graunt Caam Marco Polo MS. Bodl. 264 c. 1400 Journey of Marco Polo 1271-1275

18. Gesta regum Anglorum William of Malmesbury 1411

21. Publius Vergilius Maro 70 - 19 B. C.

22. The Marvels of Naples Livre des merveilles du monde MS 461 c. 1460

23. “ Virgil in the Basket”

24. Roman de Troie c. 1470

26. Table Fountain c. 1300-1350

27. “ The Khan’s Birthday Party” Li Livres du Graunt Caam Marco Polo MS. Bodl. 264 c. 1400

28. Wedding of Johann Wilhelm of Jülich, Cleve, and Berg, Düsseldorf, 1587

29. Roger Bacon c. 1220-1292 Albertus Magnus 1193/1206-1280

30. Portfolio of Villard d’Honnecourt c. 1230

31. Strasbourg Anatomical Clock Notre-Dame de Strasbourg 1843

32. Strasbourg Crowing Rooster c. 1350

33. Astrarium of Giovanni de Dondi (1318-1389) 14th century (reconstruction)

34. Alexander the Great holding rocket Man summoning demons Conrad Kyeser’s Bellifortis c. 1405

35. Man in fish submarine Mariano Taccola (1382-c. 1453) De ingeneis , c. 1433)