3. Today we will…
Introduce citation styles (APA, MLA,
Chicago)
Introduce types of sources and where to
find citation information
Go over the anatomy of a citation
Discuss In-text Citations
Answer specific citing questions
4. Types of Citation Styles
APA
MLA
Chicago
Others: CSE, Turabian, etc.
5. APA
American Psychological Association
The standard for publication in APA
journals
Used as a standard for other
disciplines, such as the social sciences
6. MLA
Modern Language Association
The standard of publication for MLA and
other disciplines in the humanities
7. Chicago Manual of Style
Used for publications across disciplines
Has a Notes-Bibliography system (often
used for humanities and arts)
And an Author-Date system (often used
for the sciences)
8. Types of Sources
Books: Reference
books, encyclopedias, anthologies, books
by one or more authors
Periodicals: scholarly
journals, magazines, newspapers, online
journals
Websites: government or education
websites, commercial websites, nonprofit
websites
Sources from subscription databases
9. Types of Sources: Books
Section title and author (if available)
Page numbers of section
Author (or editor) or book
Title page of book
Verso title page
10. Types of Sources: Periodicals
Article title and author (if available)
Date of article (always year, sometimes
month and day)
Title of publication
Volume number and issue (if available)
Access point if available through library
database; URL if available online
11. Types of Sources: Databases and E-books
KNOW the database you used
Name of database is sufficient (URL is not
needed)
12. Types of Sources: Websites
Responsible party:
author, organization, university, governme
nt org, etc.
Title of section consulted
Name of website
URL
Date accessed (MLA)
13. APA: Periodical w/DOI
Simpson, A. (2007). The impact of team
processes on psychiatric case
management. Journal of Advanced
Nursing, 60, 409-418. doi:
10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04402.x
14. APA: Periodical w/o DOI
Sands, L., & Shaevitz, B. (2007). Kale in
every pot. Orion, 26(4), 12. Retrieved
from LexisNexis Academic database.
15. APA: Book
Kerrigan, W., & Braden, G. K., Jr. (1989).
The idea of progress (2nd ed.). Chicago:
Avalon Press.
20. In-Text Citations: Author-Date
Help the reader find where you got the
information from
Alphabetical
Do the Works Cited list first
21. In-Text Citations: Author-Date
Always use the FIRST thing in your
reference list
(this may be the author, title, website
organization or other)
APA: use the YEAR
For direct “quotes” use page numbers
22. In-text Citations: APA
APA:
…shortened planting season (United
States Department of Agriculture, 2006).
APA:
“…the American public” (Edeline &
Weinberg, 1991, p. 302).
23. In-Text Citations: MLA
MLA:
“Protect and Serve” tells about a group of
policemen who…
MLA
“…ever be forgotten” (Smith 45-51) .
26. In Text: Chicago Author-Date
Reference List:
Pilger, John. 1998. Truth and the People
Lie Bleeding. New Statesman 127 (4373):
16-18. St. Catherine University. InfoTrac.
In Text:
…as stated by Pilger (1998).
27. Hints
• Do you have all the
information from your
source?
• What goes in text?
Whatever is first on your
works cited page.
• Webpages aren’t as
complicated as they seem:
look for an author or
responsible organization, a
title, a date of some
sort, and a URL (http…).
• No date?
- N.D. in APA and MLA
- use title in Chicago
APA Hints:
• Sentence capitalization
(only first letter and
proper names) for titles
• Author-date in text format
• Include DOI if available
MLA hints:
• Include Print or Web
Include access date for
websites
Chicago hints:
Find out which system to use
(notes-bibliography vs.
author-date)
For Notes, use MS Word’s
note tool
28. What’s Wrong? (MLA)
“Kennedy Worked Ceaselessly for Poor,
Disenfranchised” USA Today 28 Aug. 2009:
6A
“Kennedy Worked Ceaselessly for Poor,
Disenfranchised.” USA Today 28 Aug. 2009:
6A. Print.
29. What’s Wrong? (APA)
Jumpstarting your job search in today’s tough economy.
(2009, September 17)., Retrieved from Columbia
University Center for Career Education website:
http://www.careereducation.columbia.edu/news/jumpst
arting-your-job-search-today%E2%80%99s-tough-
economy.
Jumpstarting your job search in today’s tough
economy. (2009, September 17)._ Retrieved from
Columbia University Center for Career Education
website_http://www.careereducation.columbia.edu/new
s/jumpstarting-your-job-search-today%E2%80%99s-
tough-economy_
30. What’s Wrong? (Chicago)
Copeland, Edward & Juliet McMaster, ed.
1997. Cambridge Companion to Jane
Austen. New York: Cambridge University
Press .
Copeland, Edward and Juliet McMaster, eds.
1997. Cambridge Companion to Jane
Austen. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
33. Word 2007
• Garbage in, garbage out
(enter all names and titles accurately and in correct
capitalization)
• Double-check results
• Save frequently
• Citing not available in earlier version of Word