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2. India is being touted as the next big retail destination with an average CAGR of 40% to 45%
3. The sheer size of the population demands attention from retailers worldwide and the potential for growth in this nascent industry is tremendous.
4. As per AT Kearney’s GRDI for 2008, India ranks second to Vietnam. It topped the list in 2007.
5. India is the world’s 4th largest economy in terms of Purchasing Power Parity, after USA, China and Japan; it is expected to move to the third position by 2010.
6. India is rated ahead of China on the Foreign Direct Investment Confidence Index (FDICI) making it an attractive retail market among other emerging economies in the world.
7. According to a study conducted by the Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASSOCHAM), the annual retail sale that was close to US$ 6 billion in 2007, is expected to reach USD 17 billion by 2010.
8. The ICRIER study found that total Indian retail business would grow at 13%, from US$ 322 billion in 2006-07 to US$ 590 billion in 2011-12. The unorganized retail will grow 10% from US$ 309 billion 2006-07 to US$ 496 billion in 2011-12.
9. India is rated in the highest category of the Aspirational Index in Asia as per the AC Nielsen Online Omnibus Survey 2005
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11. FDI - in retail has been a topic for discussion for quite some time now. Some of the areas in retailing that will be affected by FDI are as follows: -
20. Stamp duties on property deals are significant. The lease alone can cost up to 6-10 per cent of sales while it's just 3-5 per cent globally
21. The initial urban planning of cities was done with smaller plots in mind which along with rigid building and zoning laws make it difficult for procurement of retail space
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23. WalMart is reputed for being the harbinger and for applying new concepts in supply change management . The application of RFID or that of cross docking have significantly contributed to the company’s success. It has also adopted concepts as vendor managed inventory. As mentioned before in the joint venture WalMart is responsible for logistics and cold chains. If WalMart can successfully adopt its best practices into the joint venture it would definitely benefit the alliance. However as the transportation infrastructure in India is insufficient, it may not be possible for Wal Mart to leverage its best practices in Logistics. Warehousing has an important part to play in the supply chain management.Bharti Wal-Mart’s CSR initiatives<br />Along with business expansion the alliance has also concentrated on social initiatives. There are two fold benefits to adopting these. On one hand while this might help to make the company improve its image among consumers, on the other hand it will help to reduce opposition from political parties as the Left who objected against the entry of foreign players in the Indian retail market and said that this would adversely affect unorganized retailers and domestic manufacturers in India.<br />In September 2009, Bharti Wal-Mart provided 10 pushcarts to the unemployed and economically disadvantaged from the rural areas located near its cash-and-carry store, Best Price Modern Wholesale. The pushcart owners, now holding legitimate businesses, have been signed up as members of Best Price Modern Wholesale. This benefitted Bharti Wal-Mart as it earned advertisement space on the pushcarts.<br /> Joint Venture Mortality<br />As illustrated by Bruce Kogut in “ A Study of the Life Cycle of Joint Ventures”, joint ventures like any other organization undergo a cycle of creation, institutionalization and often termination.<br />. Joint venture stability depends on the cooperative and competitive nature of the alliance and the incentives among partners. Ventures motivated on the basis of competition are vulnerable to changes in the bargaining power of the partners and in the competitive structure of the market. It was found that whereas ventures belonging to a growing industry had more chances of survival , those in concentrated industries and to which both partners belong are more likely to terminate.<br /> A critical analysis of Bharti Airtel merger in the above light reveals some interesting aspects. A major reason behind the alliance was the government restriction in the retail sector by the foreign players. If there is any change in these rules , then WalMart who have gained substantial experience in the market would no longer be depend on Bharti and if by that time it has developed proper distribution channels can emerge as a major player in the Indian market on its own. The Indian organized retail sector is still in the nascent stage and is growing. This is one of the major reasons for the till date success and stability of the Bharti WalMart venture. However in distant future with the entry of more foreign and domestic competitors if the market becomes more concentrated and thus less profitable, the venture may terminate.<br />Strengths<br />The company has a core competence involving its use of information technology to support its international logistics system. For example, it can see how individual products are performing country-wide, store-by-store at a glance.<br />A focused strategy is in place for human resource management and development. People are key to Wal-Mart’s business and it invests time and money in training people, and retaining a developing them.<br />Wal-Mart has grown substantially over recent years, and has experienced global expansion (for example its purchase of the United Kingdom based retailer ASDA).It has also created a joint venture with bharti in India.<br />Weakness<br />Since Wal-Mart sell products across many sectors (such as clothing, food, or stationary), it may not have the flexibility of some of its more focused competitors.<br />Like Wal-Mart is facing competition in North America with stores such as Kmart and target. Several smaller retailers, primarily dollar stores, such as Family Dollar and Dollar General, have been able to find a small niche market and compete successfully against Wal-Mart for home consumer sales.<br />Wal-Mart is the World’s largest grocery retailer and control of its empire, despite its IT advantages, could leave it weak in some areas due to the huge span of control.<br />Opportunities<br />To take over, merge with, or form strategic alliances with other global retailers, focusing on specific markets. Example – bharti-walmart in India.<br />The stores are currently only trade in a relatively small number of countries. Therefore there are tremendous opportunities for future business in expanding consumer markets.<br />Threats<br />Being number one means that you are the target of competition, locally and globally.<br />Being a global retailer means that you are exposed to political problems in the countries that you operate in.<br />Bharti-Walmart is also looking to increase its manpower by hiring around 1,100 people.<br />Bharti Wal-Mart Private Limited will make investments to set up an efficient supply chain, linking farmers, mall manufacturers and retailers.<br />Additionally, farmers and small manufacturers with limited infrastructure and distribution strength can expect support from the joint venture. The aim will also be to enable minimum wastage, particularly of fresh foods and vegetables.<br />Wal-Mart’s global expertise in supply chain and logistics will bring enhanced efficiencies across the retail ecosystem. This venture promises to bring great value to millions of farmers, artisans, small manufacturers and retailers across India. We are pleased to be a partner in developing this sector which is set to become a significant engine of India’s economic growth.�?<br />Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. has picked Bharti for the latter’s deep understanding of the local market. The first wholesale cash-and-carry facility is targeted to open by the end of next year, followed by 10 to 15 wholesale cash-and-carry facilities in the next seven years. These facilities are positioned to hire as many as 5,000 employees. A typical facility will stand between 50,000 and 100,000 square feet and sell a wide range of fruits and vegetables, groceries and staples, stationery, footwear, clothing, consumer durables and other general merchandise items.<br />Bharti Wal-Mart Private Limited will introduce modern retailing in India. With world-class processes and technologies, modern supply chain and back-end logistics expertise, the result will be better quality, and more choice at better prices. Additionally, local suppliers will be encouraged to develop and derive significant benefits for their businesses<br />