Hospitals represent 6% of the total energy consumption in the utility buildings sector. The webinar analyses the use of energy, benchmark methodologies and the potential energy savings in the hospital sector, on the basis of theory and practical case studies.

1. Energy efficiency in hospitals
Rob van Heur (rob.vanheur@laborelec.com)
Marcel Didden (marcel.didden@laborelec.com)
From innovation to operational
assistance
LABORELEC

2. Content
1. Introduction
2. HVAC
3. Compressed air
4. Steam
5. Lighting
6. Cogeneration
7. Summary
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

3. Introduction
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

4. Who is Laborelec ?
Technical competence center and laboratory within GdFSuez
• Métier = Electrical Power
– Power generation / T&D / energy end-use
• 230 researchers and technical specialists
– Growing +15%/year
Applied research and technical assistance
• Turnover 38 MEUR
– Strong growth International
• For shareholders and third party customers
– 20% of turnover outside GdFSUEZ
• Innovation for Value Creation
• Focused on Sustainable Energy Technology
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

5. Hospital Energy balance
Other
22%
Kitchen Heating
4% 43%
Cooling
5%
Lighting
21% Hot water
5%
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

6. Benchmarking hospitals
Based on m2, beds or overnight stays
Cannot be compared without interpretation
Level of outsourcing : kitchen / laundry
Hospital type : academic, regional
Construction year
Definition of m2 : parking deck
Definition of beds
Heat Electricity
Energy consumption per m² 262 MWh/m2/year 113 MWh/m2/year
Energy consumption per bed 25 235 MWh/m2/year 10 944 MWh/m2/year
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

7. Heating, Ventilation
Air conditioning
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

8. HVAC General
50% of the energy consumption
Most applied energy saving measures
Fitting frequency controllers on the fans
Recovering heat from the extraction air
Optimising the running hours
Optimising the temperature and humidity
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

9. Case Study : Ventilation in polyclinic
Current situation
Ventilation 24/7, operation only at office hours
Proposal
Reduce to 50% outside office hours
Savings
1200 euro annually
Investment / Payback time
No investment
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

10. Case Study : Ventilation in polyclinic
• Period of reduced setting : 9 h/day
• Electricity consumption saving (ventilator fans) : 10 MWhe
• Degree hours on basis of 17°C : 21 577 hK/a
• Gas consumption saving (heating) : 7.6 MWhth
• Number of humidification gram-hours : 1 437 h/a*g/kg
• Assumed efficiently of steam generation + transport : 90 %
• Gas consumption saving (steam) : 5.1 MWhth/year
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

11. Compressed air
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

12. Compressed air General
Two functions
Medical
Legal requirements from EN-12021
E.g. redundancy of equipment
Technical
Comparable to industry
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

13. Case Study : Splitting up networks
Current situation
Technical and medical combined
Proposal
Separate both functions, install VSD
Savings
7 200 euro annually
Investment / Payback time
44 000 euro (payback time : 5.5 years)
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

14. Case Study : Split compressed air networks
Lowering the pressure of the technical compressed air:
• Annual consumption of technical compressed air : 820 000 Nm3/year
• Specific energy consumption at 11 bar : 0.158 kWh/Nm3
• Specific energy consumption at 6 bar : 0.107 kWh/Nm3
• Energy saving achieved by lowering the pressure : 42 MWh/year
Installing compressors with frequency regulation:
• Zero-load energy consumption with respect to total consumption : 25 %
• Consumption savings for 11 bar network at zero load : 5.5 MWh/year
• Consumption savings for 6 bar network at zero load : 21.5 MWh/year
• Total energy saving achieved by frequency regulation : 27 MWh/year
Savings on compressed air treatment:
• Total energy consumption for compressed air : 152 MWh/year
• Energy consumption of absorption air drying, as a percentage of : 25 %
the total compressed air energy consumption
• Energy consumption of standard air drying, as a percentage of the : 5%
total compressed air energy consumption
• Present energy consumption for drying : 30.5 MWh/year
• New energy consumption for drying of the 11 bar network : 5.6 MWh/year
• New energy consumption for drying of the 6 bar network : 4.4 MWh/year
• Energy saving : 20.5 MWh/year
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

15. Steam
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

16. Steam General
Steam from boiler Net steam
Steam to
degasser
Losses
Condensate
Air return
Economiser Air Preheater Condensor
Feed Water
Make-up water
Bleed
Preheated air
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

17. Case Study : Directly fired hot tap water
Current situation
Hot tap water by steam
Proposal
Heat it directly
Savings
2340 euro annually
Investment / Payback time
10 500 euro, payback time 4.5 years
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

18. Case Study : Directly fired hot tap water
The savings are determined as follows:
•Hot water consumption : 100 m3/week
•Hot water temperature : 70 °C
•Water supply temperature : 10 °C
•Estimated efficiency of steam circuit (boiler + transport) : 81%
•Present energy consumption per year for hot water : 450 MWh/year
•Efficiency of directly fired condensing boiler : 98 %
•Energy savings per year : 78 MWh/year
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

19. Lighting
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

20. Lighting General
58W conv.
electr.
36W conv.
electr.
18W conv.
electr.
Lamp consumption
11W conv.
Ballast consumption
electr.
0 20 40 60 80 100
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

21. Case Study : Replacing conventional balasts
Current situation
Conventional ballast
Proposal
Replace by electronic ballasts
Savings
37 000 euro
Investment / Payback time
Payback time : 6-9 years
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

22. Case Study Lighting
• Total energy consumption of the lighting : 2 400 MWh/year
• Power consumed by fluorescent tube lighting (90%) : 2 160 MWh/year
• Losses in conventional ballasts : 20 %
• Percentage of light sources with conventional ballasts : 70 %
• Estimated number of fluorescent light sources with : 4 000
conventional ballasts, on the basis of 58 W per tube
• Total energy consumption of conventional fluorescent : 1 780 MWh/year
lights
• Potential savings by fitting electronic ballasts and efficient : 26 %
optics
• Total savings potential : 462 MWh/year
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

23. Cogeneration
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

24. Cogeneration General
Continuous demand of heat
Sterilisation
Humidification
Hot tap water
Integrated in Backup power system
Application in Hospitals
Try to avoid cogeneration for electrical peakshaving
Cogen/absorption cooling is not always interesting
Annual profile
20,00%
13,50%
12,90%
12,40%
18,00%
11,20%
10,80%
16,00%
14,00%
9,00%
7,50%
12,00%
6,10%
10,00%
4,90%
4,50%
3,60%
3,60%
8,00%
6,00%
4,00%
2,00%
0,00%
November
June
January
July
March
September
October
December
February
May
April
August
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

25. - Other saving measures
- Summary
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

26. Other efficiency gains
Small operational measures
Variable Speed Drives
Isolation
Use of surgery tools : electrical or with compressed
air
Sterilisation : electrical or with steam
Humidification : electrical or not
Looking within the value chain
Suppliers of electric material
Efficiency of emergency system
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

27. Summary
Energy efficiency in existing hospitals
Good housekeeping
Operational and low cost modifications
2-5% reduction
Replacement (lamps, heat recovery) : payback time > 5 years
Further within the value chain
New hospitals
Use best practices
Heat recovery
Energy efficient lighting
LABORELEC
www.leonardo-energy.org www.laborelec.com

28. Rob van Heur (rob.vanheur@laborelec.com)
Marcel Didden (marcel.didden@laborelec.com)
From innovation to operational
assistance
LABORELEC