1. ESL – English as a Second Language Purpose, Qualifications, Requirements, and Standards By Chad Blanscet, Ron Crain, and Mark Evers

2. Program Purpose Support students with primary language other than English Support teachers in all content where potential language barriers exist Promote the development of student proficiency in English

3. Teacher Qualifications Reading, Writing, and Speaking ability in a language other than English Pass language Proficiency test (BTLPT) Meet all general requirements for state certification in a given area, such as EC-6 Receive a Certification in Bilingual Education from the State of Texas

4. Instructional requirements Bilingual education program should be a full-time dual language program Basic skill of a students primary language is taught. Intensive study of English skills Allowances should be made for learning experience and cultural back ground

5. Instructional requirements Cont Elective courses may be taught in a language other than English Teachers in Bilingual classrooms must be trained in dealing with language differences among students

6. Teacher Standards Teacher understands language concepts and structure of the English language. Knowledge of the foundations of ESL education and factors that contribute to effective learning. Understands the processes of first- and second-language acquisition and uses this knowledge to promote students’ language development in English. Understands ESL teaching methods and uses this knowledge to plan and implement effective, developmentally appropriate ESL instruction.

7. …Teacher Standards Knowledge of the factors that affect ESL students’ learning of academic content, language, and culture. Understands formal and informal assessment procedures and instruments (language proficiency and academic achievement) used in ESL programs and uses assessment results to plan and adapt instruction. Knows how to serve as an advocate for ESL students and facilitate family and community involvement in their education.

8. Challenges Students being accepted in a diverse society Students forced to “abandon” their native language and culture Unwelcoming, hostile environment Students become withdrawn Students with learning disabilities