User Guide: Orion™ Weather Station (Columbia Weather Systems)
博士論文審査
1. Prospects for Slepton Searches
in Future Experiments
(将来実験におけるスレプトン探索索の展望)
Presented by Takahiro Yoshinaga
博⼠士論論⽂文審査会
Based on
T. Kitahara and T.Y JHEP 05 035 (2013)
M. Endo, K. Hamaguchi, T. Kitahara, and T.Y JHEP 11 013 (2013)
M. Endo, T. Kitahara, and T.Y JHEP 04 139 (2014)
45 Slides
2. 博⼠士論論⽂文の概要 2
「Muon g-‐‑‒2を説明する超対称模型の現象論論」
Muon g-‐‑‒2
>3σ dev.
eB e`L
e`R
eg eq fW ···
⇡
≫1TeV
O(100)GeV
“Minimal” SUSY model
LHC
ILC
LFV
EDM
mee
=
m eµ
=
m e⌧
m
ee =
m
eµ ⌧
m
e⌧
① massに制限
② 相補的に探索索可能
3. 博⼠士論論⽂文の内容 3
1. Introduction
2. Foundation (Review)
3. Supersymmetric Standard Model (Review)
4. Prospects for Slepton Searches (Main)
5. Conclusion
4.1 Foundation : Model & Mass Bound
4.2 Selectron/Smuon
4.3 Stau
6. ミューオンの異異常磁気モーメント (Muon g-‐‑‒2)
Muon g-2
✓ g = 2 at tree level (Dirac equation)
✓ g ≠ 2 by radiative corrections
Magnetic moment
g-factor
Muon g-‐‑‒2 6
l ミューオンの磁気モーメント
l g-‐‑‒factor
H = !m ·
!
B , !m =
Ç
e
2mµ
å
!sg
-‐‑‒ g = 2 : Tree Level
-‐‑‒ g ≠ 2 : Radiative Correction
aµ ⌘
g 2
2
7. Muon g-‐‑‒2 7
SM Prediction
Contributions Value (10-‐‑‒10)
QED (O(α5)) 11658471.8951 (0.0080)
EW (NLO) 15.36 (0.1)
Hadronic
(LO)
[HLMNT] 694.91 (4.27)
[DHMZ] 692.3 (4.2)
Hadronic (HO) -‐‑‒9.84 (0.07)
Hadronic
(LbL)
[RdRV] 10.5 (2.6)
[NJN] 11.6 (3.9)
Total SM [HLMNT] 11659182.8 (4.9)
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATION
µ µ
γ
(A)
µ
(B
Figure 2.1: (A) The Feynman diagram which c
of the muon. (B) The hadronic vacuum-polariz
hadronic light-by-light contributions to the mu
The amplitude can be interpreted as th
electron from a potential (For detail, see textb
corresponds to such potential is given by
Hint = −〈−→µ
where
〈−→µ 〉 = 2 F1(0) + F2(0
The factor ξ′†
(−→σ /2)ξ can be interpreted as the
with Eqs. (2.3) and (2.4), the coefficient 2 F1(
2 F1(0) + F2(0) =
It is just the g-value.
2.2.2 The Standard Model predictio
The SM prediction of the muon g − 2 has bee
several groups of theorists. Fig. 2.1 (A) shows
muon g − 2. The theoretical uncertainty reach
review the SM prediction of the muon g − 2.
QED Contribution
The quantum electromagnetic dynamics (QED
to the muon g − 2 (99.993%), and come from
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATION
µ µ
γ
(A)
µ µ
γ
(B)
µ
Figure 2.1: (A) The Feynman diagram which contributes to the ano
of the muon. (B) The hadronic vacuum-polarization contributions to
hadronic light-by-light contributions to the muon g − 2.
The amplitude can be interpreted as the Born approximatio
electron from a potential (For detail, see textbook [19]). The intera
corresponds to such potential is given by
Hint = −〈−→µ 〉 ·
−→
B ,
where
〈−→µ 〉 = 2 F1(0) + F2(0) ×
eQℓ
2mℓ
ξ′†
−→σ
2
ξ.
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATION 23
µ µ
γ
(A)
µ µ
γ
(B)
µ µ
γ
(C)
Figure 2.1: (A) The Feynman diagram which contributes to the anomalous magnetic moment
of the muon. (B) The hadronic vacuum-polarization contributions to the muon g −2. (C) The
hadronic light-by-light contributions to the muon g − 2.
The amplitude can be interpreted as the Born approximation to the scattering of the
electron from a potential (For detail, see textbook [19]). The interaction Hamiltonian which
had
QED, EW
had
Experiment
[E821 Muon g-‐‑‒2実験のHome pageより]
11659208.9 (6.3) × 10-‐‑‒10aexp
µ =
>3σの不不⼀一致が観測
26.1 (8.0) × 10-‐‑‒10aµ ⌘ aexp
µ ath
µ =
8. Muon g-‐‑‒2 8
>3σの不不⼀一致が観測
26.1 (8.0) × 10-‐‑‒10aµ ⌘ aexp
µ ath
µ =
Status of the muon g-2
SM Value
experiment
DHMZ (11)
The latest result of the muon g-2
[Hagiwara,Liao,Martin,Nomura,Teubner,J. Phys. G 38 (2011)085033]
[Davier,Hoecker,Malaescu,Zhang,Eur. Phys. J. C 71(2011)1515]
3.3 σ
3.6 σ
aμ × 1010 -‐‑‒ 11659000
SM
Exp
[Hagiwara, Liao, Martin, Nomura, Teubner, ʼ’11]
11. Muon g-‐‑‒2 11
博⼠士論論⽂文での⽴立立場
/21Dec 2, 2013 SUSY: Model-building and Phenomenology Teppei KITAHARA -The Univ. of Tokyo
Status of the muon g-2
SM Value
experiment
DHMZ (11)
The latest result of the muon g-2
[Hagiwara,Liao,Martin,Nomura,Teubner,J. Phys. G 38 (2011)085033]
[Davier,Hoecker,Malaescu,Zhang,Eur. Phys. J. C 71(2011)1515]
3.3 σ
3.6 σ
(possibly a signal of new physics)muon g-2 anomaly
3
SM+NP
Exp
Muon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致は新しい物理理(NP)の寄与が原因
新しい物理理
-‐‑‒ 博⼠士論論⽂文では超対称模型を仮定
-‐‑‒ model-‐‑‒independentにSUSYの寄与を確かめる
CHAPTER 2. FOUNDATION
µ µ
γ
(A)
µ µ
γ
(B)
µ
Figure 2.1: (A) The Feynman diagram which contributes to the anom
of the muon. (B) The hadronic vacuum-polarization contributions to
hadronic light-by-light contributions to the muon g − 2.
The amplitude can be interpreted as the Born approximation
electron from a potential (For detail, see textbook [19]). The intera
corresponds to such potential is given by
Hint = −〈−→µ 〉 ·
−→
B ,
where
〈−→µ 〉 = 2 F1(0) + F2(0) ×
eQℓ
2mℓ
ξ′†
−→σ
2
ξ.
The factor ξ′†
(−→σ /2)ξ can be interpreted as the spin of the leptons,
−→
S
with Eqs. (2.3) and (2.4), the coefficient 2 F1(0) + F2(0) becomes
2 F1(0) + F2(0) = 2(1 + aℓ) = gℓ.
It is just the g-value.
2.2.2 The Standard Model prediction of the muon g −
The SM prediction of the muon g − 2 has been precisely evaluated
NP
14. Supersymmetry 14
SUSY contribution to the muon g-‐‑‒2
aSUSY
µ ⇠
↵2 tan
4⇡
m2
µ
m2
SUSY
46 Dissertation / Takahiro Yosh
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
W0
H0
d
γ
(c)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2 in gauge eigen
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the diagrams (b)–(
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
48π2
6
X=1
4
A=1
1
m2
ℓX
mµ
4
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R(e)
2AX
2
FN
1
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠
+
mχ0
A
2
ℜ N
L(e)∗
2AX N
R(e)
2AX FN
2
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠ ,
where FC
1,2
and FN
1,2
are the loop functions.
FC
1
(x) =
2
(1 − x)4
2 + 2x − 6x2
+ x3
+ 6x log x ,
FC
(x) =
3
−3 + 4x − x2
− 2log x ,
fW eH
Chargino-‐‑‒sneutrino Neutralino-‐‑‒smuon
Ç
⇠ 150 ⇥ 10 10
⇥
✓
100GeV
mSUSY
◆2
⇥
✓
tan
10
◆å
mSUSY : 典型的なSUSY粒粒⼦子の質量量, tanβ : Higgsの真空期待値の⽐比
mSUSY = O(100)GeV, tanβ = O(10)のとき
超対称模型の寄与によりMuon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致を説明可能
[Lopez, Nanopoulos, Wang, ʼ’93]
[Chattopadhyay, Nath, ʼ’95]
[Moroi, ʼ’95]
26.1 (8.0) × 10-‐‑‒10aµ ⌘ aexp
µ ath
µ =
15. Supersymmetry 15
Representative SUSY contributions
Contributions O(100)GeV particles Diagram
Chagino-‐‑‒
sneutrino
Wino, Higgsinos,
(Bino), smuons,
Neutralino-‐‑‒
smuon
Bino, smuons
46 Dissertation / Takah
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL
µL
W0
H
(c)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
fW eH
46
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL
µL µR
B
(b)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributio
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon s
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
6 4
fW eH
l Muon g-‐‑‒2を説明するminimalな解の⼀一つ
l 特徴的な性質を持つ
16. Supersymmetry 16
博⼠士論論⽂文での⽴立立場
/21Dec 2, 2013 SUSY: Model-building and Phenomenology Teppei KITAHARA -The Univ. of Tokyo
Status of the muon g-2
SM Value
experiment
DHMZ (11)
The latest result of the muon g-2
[Hagiwara,Liao,Martin,Nomura,Teubner,J. Phys. G 38 (2011)085033]
[Davier,Hoecker,Malaescu,Zhang,Eur. Phys. J. C 71(2011)1515]
3.3 σ
3.6 σ
(possibly a signal of new physics)muon g-2 anomaly
3
SM+SUSY
Exp
Muon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致は の寄与が原因
知りたいこと
-‐‑‒ どのような性質を持つか
-‐‑‒ 実験で検証できるか
46 Dissertation / Takahiro Yoshinaga
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
W0
H0
d
γ
(c)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2 in gauge eigenstates.
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the diagrams (b)–(e) are
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
48π2
6
X=1
4
A=1
1
m2
ℓX
mµ
4
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R(e)
2AX
2
FN
1
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠
+
mχ0
A
2
ℜ N
L(e)∗
2AX N
R(e)
2AX FN
2
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠ , (3.33)
where FC
1,2
and FN
1,2
are the loop functions.
fW eH
46 Dissertation / Takahiro Yoshinaga
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
W0
H0
d
γ
(c)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2 in gauge eigenstates.
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the diagrams (b)–(e) are
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
48π2
6
X=1
4
A=1
1
m2
ℓX
mµ
4
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R(e)
2AX
2
FN
1
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠
+
mχ0
A
2
ℜ N
L(e)∗
2AX N
R(e)
2AX FN
2
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠ , (3.33)
where FC
1,2
and FN
1,2
are the loop functions.
FC
1
(x) =
2
(1 − x)4
2 + 2x − 6x2
+ x3
+ 6x log x , (3.34)
FC
2
(x) =
3
2(1 − x)3
−3 + 4x − x2
− 2log x , (3.35)
FN
1
(x) =
2
(1 − x)4
1 − 6x + 3x2
+ 2x3
− 6x2
log x , (3.36)
fW eH
20. Minimal SUSY model 20
Mass spectrum
eB e`L
e`R
eg eq fW ···
⇡
≫1TeV
O(100)GeV
46 Dissertation / Takahiro Yos
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
W0
H0
d
γ
(c)
µL µR
µL
0
γ
µL µR
µR
0
γ
fW eH
l 軽い(O(100)GeV)粒粒⼦子 : Bino, sleptons
l 他の超対称粒粒⼦子 : Decoupled*
* 現在のLHCの制限および126GeV Higgs massと無⽭矛盾
Scalar top >> 1TeV
[Hahn, Heinemeyer, Hollik, Rzehak, Weiglein, ʼ’13]
3
FD approach in the
e leading and sub-
her up to a certain
btained in the RGE
all terms of Eq. (4)
n terms of mt; the
ven by
3αt)/(16π))] (5)
e are no logarithmic
MMS
S and MOS
S .
beyond 2-loop order
tion MA ≫ MZ, to
ons can be incorpo-
he φ2φ2 self-energy
t 1/ sin2
β). In this
ons enter not only
other Higgs sector
nHiggs. The latest
0, which is available
roved predictions as
etical uncertainties
ns. Taking into ac-
garithmic contribu-
certainty of the re-
tions. Accordingly,
ng from corrections
p sector is adjusted
running top-quark
s evaluated only for
er than for the full
5000 10000 15000 20000
MS
[GeV]
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
Mh
[GeV]
FH295
3-loop
4-loop
5-loop
6-loop
7-loop
LL+NLL
FeynHiggs 2.10.0
Xt
= 0
Xt
/MS
= 2
5000 10000 15000 20000
MS
[GeV]
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
Mh
[GeV]
3-loop, O(αt
αs
2
)
3-loop full
LL+NLL
H3m
FeynHiggs 2.10.0
A0
= 0, tanβ = 10
FIG. 1. Upper plot: Mh as a function of MS for Xt = 0 (solid)
and Xt/MS = 2 (dashed). The full result (“LL+NLL”) is
compared with results containing the logarithmic contribu-
tions up to the 3-loop, . . . 7-loop level and with the fixed-order
FD result (“FH295”). Lower plot: comparison of FeynHiggs
(red) with H3m (blue). In green we show the FeynHiggs 3-loop
2
Mh : Higgs mass
Ms : Scalar top mass
23. Minimal SUSY model 23
右巻きと左巻きsmuonの混合に⽐比例例
-‐‑‒ Large μ×tanβ : enhanced
-‐‑‒ Large smuon mass : suppressed
46 Dis
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL
µR
H0
d
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the mu
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diag
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
2
6 4
1
2
mµ
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R
2
fW eH eµL eµR
m2
e`LR
SmuonがO(1)TeVでも極端に⼤大きな混合を
取ればMuon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致を説明できてしまう
Muon g-‐‑‒2
1σ
2σ
加速器実験の探索索可能領領域を超えてしまう!? [Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
Neutralino-‐‑‒smuon contribution
24. Minimal SUSY model 24
右巻きと左巻きsmuonの混合に⽐比例例
-‐‑‒ Large μ×tanβ : enhanced
-‐‑‒ Large smuon mass : suppressed
46 Dis
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL
µR
H0
d
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the mu
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diag
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
2
6 4
1
2
mµ
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R
2
fW eH eµL eµR
m2
e`LR
SmuonがO(1)TeVでも極端に⼤大きな混合を
取ればMuon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致を説明できてしまう
Muon g-‐‑‒2
1σ
2σ
加速器実験の探索索可能領領域を超えてしまう!? [Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
Neutralino-‐‑‒smuon contribution
スカラーポテンシャルの安定性条件
により上限が存在する
25. Minimal SUSY model 25
まとめとこれから議論論すること
SmuonがO(1)TeVでも極端に⼤大きな混合
を取ればMuon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致を説明できてしまう
がMuon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致の原因
46 Dissertation / Takahiro Yoshinaga
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL µR
µL
W0
H0
d
γ
(c)
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2 in gauge eigenstates.
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the diagrams (b)–(e) are
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
∆aχ0
µ
= −
mµ
48π2
6
X=1
4
A=1
1
m2
ℓX
mµ
4
N
L(e)
2AX
2
+ N
R(e)
2AX
2
FN
1
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠
+
mχ0
A
2
ℜ N
L(e)∗
2AX N
R(e)
2AX FN
2
⎛
⎝
m2
χ0
A
m2
ℓX
⎞
⎠ , (3.33)
where FC
1,2
and FN
1,2
are the loop functions.
FC
1
(x) =
2
(1 − x)4
2 + 2x − 6x2
+ x3
+ 6x log x , (3.34)
FC
(x) =
3
−3 + 4x − x2
− 2log x , (3.35)
fW eH eµL eµR
m2
e`LR
極端に⼤大きな混合は
スカラーポテンシャルの安定性条件により制限
Muon g-‐‑‒2の不不⼀一致を説明するという
条件と合わせるとsmuonのmassに上限
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
27. Slepton Mass Bound 27
真空の安定性条件
-‐‑‒ SleptonとHiggsの3点結合
v : 真空期待値, h : SM Higgs, 混合はμ>0のときnegative
EW vacuumの寿命 > 宇宙年年齢とすると
混合の⼤大きさに上限が付く
EW vacuum Charge-‐‑‒breaking minima
⼤大きすぎる混合
36. Universal Case 36
Future Prospects
Smuonの質量量とNeutralinoの質量量が
近い領領域は1TeV ILCで探索索可能
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
-‐‑‒ ILC
kinematicalに許される質量量領領域ならば探索索可能
Closing the loopholes
At the ILC, a systematic search for the NLSP is possible without leaving loopholes, covering even the cases
that may be very difficult to test at the LHC.
In the case of a very small mass difference between the LSP and the NLSP - less than a few GeV - the
clean environment at the ILC nevertheless allows for a good detection efficiency. If
√
s is much larger than
the threshold for the NLSP-pair production, the NLSPs themselves will be highly boosted in the detector
frame, and most of the spectrum of the decay products will be easily detected. In this case, the precise
knowledge of the initial state at the ILC is of paramount importance to recognize the signal, by the slight
discrepancy in energy, momentum and acolinearity between signal and background from pair production
of the NLSP’s SM partner. In the case the threshold is not much below
√
s, the background to fight is
γγ → f ¯f where the γ’s are virtual ones radiated off the beam-electrons. The beam-electrons themselves
are deflected so little that they leave the detector undetected through the outgoing beam-pipes. Under the
clean conditions at the ILC, this background can be kept under control by demanding that there is a visible
ISR photon accompanying the soft NLSP decay products. If such an ISR is present in a γγ event, the
beam-remnant will also be detected, and the event can be rejected.
If the LSP is unstable due to R-parity violation, the ILC reach would be better or equal to the R-
conserving case, both for long-lived and short-lived LSP’s and whether the LSP is charged or neutral.
Also in the case of an NLSP which is a mass-state mixed between the hyper-charge states, the procedure
is viable. One will have one more parameter - the mixing angle. However, as the couplings to the Z of both
states are known from the SUSY principle, so is the coupling with any mixed state. There will then be
one mixing-angle that represents a possible “worst case”, which allows to determine the reach whatever the
mixing is - namely the reach in this “worst case”.
Finally, the case of “several” NLSPs– i.e. a group of near-degenerate sparticles– can be disentangled due
to the possibility to precisely choose the beam energy at the ILC. This will make it possible to study the
“real” NLSP below the threshold of its nearby partner.
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 50 100 150 200 250
Exclusion
Discovery
Excludable
at95%
C
L
NLSP : µ˜R
MNLSP [GeV]
MLSP[GeV]
0
50
100
150
200
250
240 242 244 246 248 250
Exclusion
Discovery
NLSP : µ˜R
MNLSP [GeV]
MLSP[GeV]
Figure 3: Discovery reach for a ˜µR NLSP after collecting 500 fb−1
at
√
s = 500 GeV. Left: full scale, Right:
zoom to last few GeV before the kinematic limit.
The strategy
At an e+
e−
-collider, the following typical features of NLSP production and decay can be exploited: missing
[Baer, et.al., ʻ‘13]
ex) √s = 500GeV
Δm=O(10-‐‑‒100)MeV
Massの差はO(10)GeV
ILCで探索索可能
45. まとめ 45
「Muon g-‐‑‒2を説明する超対称模型の現象論論」
Muon g-‐‑‒2
>3σ dev.
eB e`L
e`R
eg eq fW ···
⇡
≫1TeV
O(100)GeV
“Minimal” SUSY model
LHC
ILC
LFV
EDM
mee
=
m eµ
=
m e⌧
m
ee =
m
eµ ⌧
m
e⌧
① massに制限
② 相補的に探索索可能
49. Muon g-‐‑‒2 49
(Naive) NP contribution
aNP
µ ⇠
↵NP
4⇡
mµ
m2
NP
✓ g = 2 at tree level (Dirac equation)
✓ g ≠ 2 by radiative corrections
Magnetic moment
g-factor
gNP gNP
mNP
条件:SM EW contributionと同程度度
26.1 (8.0) × 10-‐‑‒10aµ ⌘ aexp
µ ath
µ =
aSM EW
µ ⇠
↵2
4⇡
m2
µ
m2
W
= 15.36 (0.1) × 10-‐‑‒10
αNP, mNP ~∼ O(EWボソンの結合, 質量量)
そのような粒粒⼦子が存在したら既に発⾒見見されているはず…
50. Muon g-‐‑‒2 50
(Naive) NP contribution
aNP
µ ⇠
↵NP
4⇡
mµ
m2
NP
✓ g = 2 at tree level (Dirac equation)
✓ g ≠ 2 by radiative corrections
Magnetic moment
g-factor
gNP gNP
mNP
2種類の可能性
l αNP~∼ O(10-‐‑‒6) (weak), mNP~∼ O(100)MeV (small)
l αNP~∼ O(0.1-‐‑‒1) (strong), mNP~∼ O(100-‐‑‒1000)GeV (heavy)
e.g. Hidden Photon
e.g. Supersymmetry
51. Supersymmetry 51
Higgs mass
l Tree level :
l Large top-‐‑‒stop correction
mtree
h ' mZ
m2
h ⇠ m2
Z cos2
2 +
3
4⇡2
Y 2
t sin2
ñ
m2
t log
M2
S
m2
t
+
X2
t
M2
S
Ç
1
X2
t
12M2
S
å
+ ···
ô
Ms =
p
met1
met2
, Xt = At µcot
-‐‑‒ Heavy stop : Ms ≫ 1TeV, Xt = 0
-‐‑‒ Maximal mixing : Ms ~∼ 1TeV, Xt = √6Ms
Scalar top > 1TeV
64. Universal Case 64
ILC (smuon)
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
Smuonにmassの差がある場合はILCが有効
偏極ビームを⽤用いることで断⾯面積がenhance
p
s = 1TeV
p
s = 1TeV
Polarization
65. Universal Case 65
ILC (selectron)
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
t-‐‑‒channel Bino exchangeのため断⾯面積がenhance
Bino couplingの測定にも有効
p
s = 1TeV
-‐‑‒ Diagram (t-‐‑‒channel)
-‐‑‒ Bino coupling
eB
ee
ee⇤
e+
e
ü 重い粒粒⼦子の効果でO(%)変化
ü ⾼高精度度のCouplingの測定から重いスケールを探れるかも
[Nojiri, Fujii, Tsukamoto, ʻ‘96]
[Nojiri, Pierce, Yamada, ʼ’97]
68. Non-‐‑‒Universal Case 68
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
ex) Lepton FCNCs
l Effective operator (双極⼦子型)
l Wilson係数
l Flavor mixing
Leff ⌘ e
m`i
2
`i µ⌫
⇣
AL
i j PL + AR
i j PR
⌘
`j Fµ⌫
+ h.c.
Higher-‐‑‒order
correction
Loop function
AL
i j = (1 + 2loop
)
↵Y
8⇡
M1µtan
m`j
X
a,b=1,2,3
h
UR
i
ib
h
M`
i
ba
h
U†
L
i
aj
Fa,b
AR
i j = (1 + 2loop
)
↵Y
8⇡
M1µtan
m`j
X
a,b=1,2,3
h
UL
i
ia
h
M†
`
i
ab
h
U†
R
i
bj
Fa,b
h
UL
i
1a
h
M†
`
i
ab
h
U†
R
i
b2
Fa,b =
mµ
1 + µ
( L)12
Ä
F1,2 F2,2
ä
+
m⌧
1 + ⌧
( L)13( R)⇤
23
Ä
F1,2 F1,3 F3,2 + F3,3
ä
SelectronとSmuonが縮退
していればキャンセル
Sleptonが全て縮退
していればキャンセル
46 Dissertation
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL W
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
χ0 mµ
6 4
1 mµ L(e)
2
R(e)
2
N
fW eH eµL eµReeR
eR
69. Non-‐‑‒Universal Case 69
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
ex) Lepton FCNCs
l μ→eγ崩壊
l 電⼦子の電気双極⼦子モーメント
l Muon g-‐‑‒2との相関
46 Dissertation
µL µR
W±
νµ
γ
(a)
µL µR
µL µR
B
γ
(b)
µL W
µL µR
µL
B H0
d
γ
(d)
µL µR
µR
H0
d
B
γ
(e)
Figure 3.4: The diagrams of the SUSY contributions to the muon g − 2
The diagram (a) comes from the chargino–muon sneutrino diagram, the
from the neutralino–smuon diagram.
χ0 mµ
6 4
1 mµ L(e)
2
R(e)
2
N
fW eH eµL eµReeR
eR
de
e
=
me
2
Im
î
AL
11 AR
11
ó
B(µ ! e ) '
48⇡3
↵
G2
F
Ä
|AL
12|2
+ |AR
12|2
ä
Br(µ ! e )
⇣
aNeutralino
µ
⌘2
'
1
(µ ! all)
↵mµ
16
13 23
2
Ç
m⌧
mµ
å2
+ (higher order)
de/e
aNeutralino
µ
'
1
2mµ
Im[( R)13( L)⇤
13]
m⌧
mµ
+ (higher order)
Stauが⼗十分重いとき、SUSY粒粒⼦子の質量量と独⽴立立
70. Non-‐‑‒Universal Case 70
[Endo, Hamaguchi, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
SleptonがLHC, ILCで発⾒見見されなくても
レプトンフレーバー実験から⾼高感度度で探索索可能
=Non-‐‑‒Universality
現在の
Bound
将来の
感度度
-‐‑‒ Mass
-‐‑‒ Formula
mee = meµ ⌧ me⌧
Stauが⼗十分重い(R≫1)とき
(Current)
(Future)
ex) 電⼦子の電気双極⼦子モーメント
de/e
aNeutralino
µ
'
1
2mµ
Im[( R)13( L)⇤
13]
m⌧
mµ
+ (higher order)
Im L 13 R
⇤
13 Æ 6 ⇥ 10 8
Im L 13 R
⇤
13 Æ 6 ⇥ 10 9⇠10
de/e
75. l Stau : κγのみに⼤大きな寄与
l 3つのParameterでcontroll (mass, mixing angle)
l Stauが軽い&⼤大きな混合を持つ場合にenhance (O(10)%)
l 極端に⼤大きな混合は真空の安定性条件により制限
Stau 75
Stau contribution to κγ
Dissertation / Takahiro Yoshinaga
τR
τL
h
γ
γ
gure 3.6: Feynman diagram of the stau contribution to the Higgs coupling to di-photon.
re OL,R are the unitary matrices, which diagonalize the chargino mass matrix, as seen in
3.3.1. δm2
fLL,RR
and δm2
fLR
are defined as
m2
e⌧LR
=
1
2
⇣
m2
e⌧1
m2
e⌧2
⌘
sin2✓e⌧
m2
e⌧1
, m2
e⌧2
, ✓e⌧
Ue⌧Me⌧U†
e⌧
= diag(m2
e⌧1
, me⌧2
)
Ue⌧ =
✓
cos✓e⌧ sin✓e⌧
sin✓e⌧ cos✓e⌧
◆
cf.) Stauの質量量⾏行行列列
76. Stau 76
Stau contribution to κγ
[Endo, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
真空の安定性条件からκγの⼤大きさは制限
10-‐‑‒15%が取りうるexcessの最⼤大値
Large mixing angle:真空の安定性条件で制限
77. Stau 77
Stau mass region
[Endo, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
δκγ>4%ならば、 250GeVに制限
√s =500GeV ILCまでで発⾒見見可能
me⌧1
<
Higgs coupling to diphoton
sin2✓e⌧ = 1
真空の安定性条件を満たす
なかで最⼤大の値を選択tan = 20
78. l 仮定
l Sample point
l Reconstruction (ILC at √s = 500GeV)
Stau 78
Stau searches (Reconstruction)
-‐‑‒ Stau1,2, mixing angle全てがILC (√s = 500GeV)で観測
-‐‑‒ κγは数%のexcessが観測、測定精度度は2%と仮定
88 Dissertation / Takahiro Yoshinaga
Table 4.3: Model parameters at our sample point. In addition, tanβ = 5 and Aτ = 0 are set,
though the results are almost independent of them.
Parameters mτ1
mτ2
sin2θτ mχ0
1
δκγ
Values 100 GeV 230 GeV 0.92 90 GeV 3.6%
4.3 Stau
So far, we studied the prospects for the selection/smuon searches. In this section, we discuss
the stau searches. If the staus have masses of (100)GeV and large left-right mixing, the
Higgs coupling to the di-photon κγ is deviated from the SM prediction. Such a large left-right
mixing is constrained by the vacuum meta-stability condition of the stau-Higgs potential, as
mentioned in Sec 4.1.3. Then, we discussed that once the deviation from the SM prediction of
κγ were observed, the mass region for the staus were determined by the condition in Sec. 4.1.4.
Once the stau is discovered at ILC, its properties including the mass are determined. Par-
ticularly, it is important to measure the mixing angle of the stau θτ. When sin2θτ is sizable,
[Endo, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
me⌧1
⇠ 0.1 GeV, me⌧2
⇠ 6 GeV,
sin2✓e⌧
sin2✓e⌧
⇠ 2%
⇠ 0.5%
excessがStau起源かcheck可能
79. l 仮定
l Sample point (stau2は√s = 500GeVでは未発⾒見見)
l Prediction for stau2 (ILC at √s = 1TeV)
Stau 79
Stau searches (Prediction)
-‐‑‒ Stau1, mixing angleがILC (√s = 500GeV)で観測、stau2は未発⾒見見
-‐‑‒ κγは数%のexcessが観測、測定精度度は2%と仮定
[Endo, Kitahara, TY, ʻ‘13]
Table 1: Model parameters at our sample point. In addition, tanβ = 5 and Aτ = 0 are set,
though the results are almost independent of them.
Parameters mτ1
mτ2
sin2θτ mχ0
1
δκγ
Values 150 GeV 400 GeV 0.91 140 GeV 5.6%
me⌧1
⇠ 0.1 GeV,
sin2✓e⌧
sin2✓e⌧
⇠ 2.5%, ⇠ 2%
√s = 1TeV ILCで発⾒見見が期待、ビームエネルギーを調節するためのヒントを与える
me⌧2
= 400 ± 53 GeV