Presentations from Leaders Study Program, Spain 2015

1. Spain 1986-2011: 25 years of urban transformation
Recent architecture in Madrid, Barcelona and Bilbao

2. Madrid: La Castellana Axis within a Crossroads Center
Fuente: vozpopuli, 09-03-2013 [http://vozpopuli.com/actualidad/22524-particulares-expropiados-se-querellan-contra-botella-por-la-operacion-nuevo-bernabeu]

3. Crop from the “View of madrid from the west., comissioned by Felipe II in 1562. to Anton Van der Wyngaerde (Source:Wikipedia)”.
Bilbao, a city along a river, into the sea
Historic Intro: Visigoth origins, Muslim development as a fortress in 850, “Mayrit” ~ water mother/mouth
1562 Felipe II establishes the capital as an strategic decision in a centric crossroads

4. La Castellana is the financial and cultural backbone of Madrid
Some buildings as milestones or landmarks along La Castellana. Both in Chronological and Geographical order
Madrid as Financial Center: La Castellana extended
Center of Infrastructures: Madrid as Km 0
Center of Cultural Tourism

5. Madrid as Financial Center: La Castellana extended
Formerly clustered around Azca, the financial power of the capital still sites in a sort of axis which resembles a Castellana extended
This view depicts Picasso Tower, Kio Tower and the Four Towers

6. The Picasso tower (1982-1988) by Minoru Yamasaki (Twin Towers), now owned by Inditex
Azca, Centric Business District . Former taller building in Spain (156m) and perhaps its tallest chimney, ventilating the underground motorway.
Shown in movie “Abre los ojos”. Inditex owns Zara, one of the world’s largest clothing companies , owned by Amancio Ortega (3rd richest man)

7. KIO Towers (1989-96) by Johnson & Burgee (Lipstick, AT+T/Sony Building NYC). Bankia, Realia
Sited in Plaza Castilla, marked the entrance to the city with the gesture of tilting both towers as an arch-door (postmodern-talkative building)
They were the first inclined skyscrapers (115 m) and have been depicted in “the Day of the Beast”, “Torrente 3”, and the Indian Movie “Sivaji”

8. CTBA Four Towers (2004-09). Foster, R&AS, Pelli, Cobb. Former Real Madrid Sports City Site
Foster=Cepsa/Bankia, R&AS=PWC Offices +Hotel, Pelli=Offices, Cobb= Offices +Embassies…Tallest towers in Spain, can be seen from miles away.
Height: 230-250m. 4th to 8th tallest buildings in Europe

9. BBVA (ongoing) Arch. Herzog & Meuron (Tate Gallery) From Tower to City : matt building+icon
Moved form Azca, Centric Business District . 100.000 m2 Plynth with Oval Plate 93m high, like Statue of Liberty
Cost: 800 million €. For 6000 workers. Own page in instagram, paid for pedestrian bridge across motorway. Better visibility than Santander

10. Telefónica C District (2008-11). Rafael d la Hoz. Telecommunications City/Office park/Campus
Telefónica is a Spanish telecommunications provider, the sixth-largest mobile network provider in the world
Cost: 500m € for 400.000m2 in a 140.000 m2 site (14 soccer fields), hosting 14.000 daily workers and visitors, it has a dedicated subway station

11. Repsol Campus (2007-12). Rafael de la Hoz. Headquarters as Office Campus
Repsol is a global energy company based in Madrid. Its Headquarters are conceived as a Campus in the City, as an Open Cloister
123.000 m2 Site -similar size to El Escorial. 4.000 daily workers. Leed Platinium (provides 100 new trees, occupies former industrial site

12. Center of Infrastructures: Madrid as Km 0

13. Atocha (extensions main 1991, last 2012). R. Moneo. HUB Local+ Regional+ High Speed Train

14. Barajas T4 airport extension (2006). Arch: Rogers+Lamela. Iberia goes global in British Airways

15. Subway & Suburban train extensions / reaching outskirts /EU money into infrastructures
1986 2011

16. 1986
Motorways. Around: M40, 45, 50… and away (R1, R2…) Madrid Regional model
2011

17. 1979
Green areas extension, constrained by infrastructures
1999

18. Motorways. Under: M30 …and over Madrid Rio Landscape 2007-2011 (B&G, R&AS, West 8)

19. Center of Cultural Tourism: Art Axis

20. MNCARS. Reina Sofia (1988+2005) various architects + Jean Nouvel (Cartier Foundation, Paris)
Contemporary Art Museum, at the southern end of the so-called Golden Triangle of Art (located along the Paseo del Prado and also comprising
the Museo del Prado and the Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza). Museum visitors: 2.300.000/ year

21. Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum (1992) Arch.: Rafael Moneo (L. A. Cathedral)
In 1985, the owner married Carmen Cervera ( former Miss Spain 1961) .Cervera's influenced the relocation of the collection to Spain in a
building available just next to the Prado. the Spanish Government bought this collection in 2003. Museum visitors: 1.100.000/ year

22. Extension of Prado Museum (2008). Rafael Moneo (L. A. Cathedral) « Back & Below »
Featuresone of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the 12th century to the early 19th century, based on the former
Spanish Royal Collection, and unquestionably the best single collection of Spanish art.. Museum visitors: 2.300.000/ year

23. Caixa Forum Herzog & de Meuron

24. Other venues: S. Bernabeu 1982-2019? (vs. olympics wannabe: Peineta, CajaMágica…)
1986 2011

26. Barcelona: Life beyond the Eixample?
22@ the newer extension of Barcelona, seen from the rediscovered seaside towards the constraining mountains

27. Intro: Barcelona the urban city model and Cerda’s influence
The extension of Barcelona by Idefons Cerdá was the model to many other extensions in Spain and abroad.
It is considered the beginning of modern urbanism

28. Barcelona 1992: The City Olympics
The Olympic Games were awarded in 1986 as an instrument for urban regeneration. The City image as a referent: Diving into the urban

29. Roads & Streets plan. New Centralities. Olympic Areas and Rings
Moving faster among the facilities. Regenerate different areas

30. Regeneration and development of the waterfront and Olympic Port
A new waterline opens the city to the sea. Includes the Olympic Port and several beaches

31. Sports facilities
Sports facilities in Montjuic: Olympic Stadium, Palau Sant Jordi. Swimming Pool…

32. Urban Services
Telecommunication towers

33. New Dwellings, Hotels & Offices
Increase in number of beds / Increase in dwellings number and value / New Office Premises visibility (Skyscrapers)

34. New Dwellings, Hotels & Offices
Increase in number of beds / Increase in dwellings number and value / New Office Premises visibility (Skyscrapers)

35. Recent infrastructures
infrastructures

36. Airport extensions
Bofill

37. AVE Station (Sants) AVE’s Late arrival (2007)

38. TRAM (2006) & New bus system (2012)
First tram Along Diagonal, from Glories to Forum
Bus System: Horizontal + Vertical Lines

39. BICING (2007)
6000 bikes. Success model copied in other Spanish cities

40. Urban Regeneration and Culture: inside out , a mirror to the city

41. Ciutat Vella Inside out: Mercado Sta. Caterina EMBT (roof=Gaudi’s Güell Park)
Mercado Sta. Caterina

42. Regen. Ravall: MACBA (Museum of Contemporary Art Barcelona) R. Meier (Getty Museum)
Richard Meier = New York Five including Peter Einsenman, Complex Geometries + Rich interiors + Homage to Le Corbusier + Use of White

43. Regenerating Ravall: CCCB Behind & Hidden. A Patio with a Mirror (periscope) to the city
Overlooking from below

44. Regenerating Ravall: Filmoteca de Catalunya
Another big box fits in

45. Eixample upgraded: La Sagrada Familia (Temple of the Holy Family). Keeping up with Gaudi
1926 Gaudi dies hit by a tram. 2014 to be ended in 15 to 20 years…perhaps 2026?. Record of vsitors:
1926 2014

46. Eixample upgraded: L’Illa Diagonal (2000). R. Moneo & M. Solá Morales

47. Eixample upgraded: Library inside a block RCR Architects (2009)

48. Late Developments

49. 22@Barcelona, the Innovation District
Celebrates the 75th anniversary of 1929 World Exhibition. 3.300.000 visitors (5.000.000 expected)
“The Forum’s planning and architecture were a bad copy of the inspiring and articulate new neighborhood of Euralille” Josep Mª Montaner

50. AGBAR Tower (AGuas de BARcelona) 1999-2005. Nouvel
50,693 Total sq. metres: 30,000 offices. 3,210 technical facilities. 8,132 services, auditorium.9,132 sq. metres Parking. Cost 130 million€
Building Idea: “it’s like a Geiser” 3rd tallest building at 144m. Similarities with Foster Swiss RE London (2001-2004) The “Gherkin”at 180 m

51. Forum 2004.
Celebrates the 75th anniversary of 1929 World Exhibition. 3.300.000 visitors (5.000.000 expected)
“The Forum’s planning and architecture were a bad copy of the inspiring and articulate new neighborhood of Euralille” Josep Mª Montaner

52. Forum 2004. Herzog & de Meuron , etc
Celebrates the 75th anniversary of 1929 World Exhibition. 3.300.000 visitors (5.000.000 expected)
“The Forum’s planning and architecture were a bad copy of the inspiring and articulate new neighborhood of Euralille” Josep Mª Montaner

53. Gas Natural Fenosa Headquarters (1998-2005). EMBT [Scottish Parlament]
40 m cantilever and 86 m height. Site: First Gas Factory in Spain , 160 y ears ago. Image of Gas flame changing as glass reflections
Result of a competition in1998, by E. Miralles+ B. Tagliabue ( Miralles died in 200 before starting its construction).

54. “Las Arenas” Shopping Mall , Former bullring (2011). Rogers (Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners)
Bull fighting was recently banned in Catalonia. Shopping Mall is packed with 12 Cinemas, and four levels of underground parking.
Very large dome with offices in the back, and roundabout-like viewing deck

55. Hotel W “Vela”(Sail Hotel) Barceloneta (2009). Ricardo Bofill. (
Similar Structures in Dubai (“7 stars” Hotel Burj Al Arab by Tom Wright, 321m, 1999) & Lisbon (SOM 145 m, 1998, Hotel added 2012)
Received critics for building on protected waterfront

57. Bilbao: Urban transformations, beyond the Guggenheim

58. «Aster bilbao lrg». Publicado bajo la licencia Public domain vía Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aster_bilbao_lrg.jpg#mediaviewer/Archivo:Aster_bilbao_lrg.jpg.
Bilbao, a city along a river, into the sea

59. The image of Bilbao is linked to its river
set of two paintings by Pablo Gonzalvo y Perez representing Bilbao, as displayed in the headquarters of BBVA

60. Bilbao is born (1300) and develops as a city in the mouth of the rivers Nervión and Ibaizabal
Engraving of “Bilvao”, by Franz Hogenberg, 1554

61. La Ría and the port contributed to the industrial development boom of Bilbao

62. But also had dark days: The dawn of iron industrial age, the floods and the peak of terrorism

63. City present: Guggenheim (by Gehry, 1997) and around

64. City future: Zorrozaurre, arch: Zaha Hadid (From Deconstructivism to Parametrics)

65. Enlarging the Port and moving it from the city center to its outskirts

66. The river regeneration

67. http://www.bilbaoria2000.org/

68. Sondica Airport. Calatrava, 2000. Homage to Saarinen TWA Terminal JFK 1962

69. New underground system. Stations designed by Norman Foster

70. Source: www.bilbaointernational.com/3-metro-bilbao/

71. New and successful tram

72. Neighborhood Integration recovering obsolete train stations, and roads

73. Urban and Cultural Regeneration
…and its visibility through the architects’ star system
Source: www.bilbaointernational.com/category/arquitectos-con-estrella/

74. Source www.starck.com/en/architecture/categories/exterior_architecture.html#alhondiga
La Alhondiga. Philippe Starck (2007)

75. Barakaldo: BEC!, Stadium, Millenium Park…

76. Guggenheim