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1. Precautions during
Pregnancy

2. Pregnancy
• „Pregnancy‟ is really a natural procedure including modifications in
the female‟s entire body and in addition within their actions and also
lifestyle. Despite the fact that Pregnancy is not an ailment, it requires
a unique attention. As an illustration, pregnant women should abide
by a healthy diet plan and never within the last few locations they
must retain his or her health and a nice body shape by simply
carrying out daily workouts. In addition to this, workouts through
Pregnancy certainly are a new breakthrough discovery and several
pregnant women often embrace the idea in order to keep a nice
amount and to include health. Specialists can see which workouts
will make pregnant women to help experience much better and also
confident with her entire body, they are able to help the muscles to
be strong muscular tissues, control the tension and to maintain a
well balanced weight.

3. Pregnancy
• We can't lie down in listing of sign of Pregnancy for every girl,
because Pregnancy signs and symptoms experienced by every
lady. On the whole, you can place down a number of common signs
of Pregnancy which will or perhaps is probably not knowledgeable
by simple ladies. Comprehending your sign of Pregnancy is very
important because these types of signs can also be in connection
with additional incidences when compared with Pregnancy. They
had missed period of time can be one of the many very first sign of
Pregnancy. In addition, immediately after pregnancy, once the
embryo implants itself around the uterine retaining wall, you will
have implantation hemorrhage and you will encounter cramping of
muscular tissues and also recognizing. They may be the first sign of
Pregnancy and may end up being commonly misinterpreted due to
changed menstruation, infection or perhaps modifications in birth
control product and the like.

4. SIGNS PREVAILING PREGNANCY
As I have said, a new detained menstruation may be the start with
sign of Pregnancy. You'll skip the following period of time which
confirms which fact you are pregnant. Hemorrhaging has been
incredibly very much standard through a Pregnancy period of time
yet it'll be commonly brighter when compared with standard stream.
Usually a new had missed period of time is often assigned to
hormonal problems, anxiety, tension and also weakness and the
like. The sore teat can be a symptom of Pregnancy and may even
start off immediately after anyone to days of conceiving. However
hormonal imbalances or perhaps detained period may cause this
particular pain, yet commonly it is just a persistent trouble that is
caused specifically through Pregnancy. As your body is supported
and also feeding another lifetime system, people usually tend to
obtain more exhausted and also consumed with stress through
Pregnancy.

5. Pregnancy
• Fatigue or perhaps low energy can be early to sign of Pregnancy
and may begin as early as very first few days immediately after
pregnancy. The Pregnancy examination will probably commonly
ensure your current Pregnancy due to the fact this particular
weariness or perhaps weakness may arise from depression, anxiety,
typical chilly or perhaps flu and also. So to save your precious time
and money as well when anyone at home is pregnant, please help
that lady and surf the online sites like Medooc, 20search, Dogpile,
etc. which will help you to search tips regarding the problems faced
by the lady at your home.
•

6. The First Trimester
Lasts from conception to the twelfth week of pregnancy
 3 periods during the first trimester:
The Germinal Period
Fertilized egg travels and implants in wall of uterus
Implantation occurs 10-14 days after conception
The Period of the Embryo
Lasts from third through eighth week of pregnancy
Major organs and anatomical structures begin to form
The Period of the Fetus
Lasts from ninth week of pregnancy until birth
All major organs continue rapid growth and become
interconnected

7. The Second Trimester
Fetus assumes distinct human appearance
• The nails harden and skin thickens, as well as the
eye lashes, eye brows, and scalp hair appear
during fifth and sixth months
• Fetus‟s visual and auditory senses are functional

8. The Third Trimester
All organ systems mature rapidly
• Fetus prepares for birth
• Fetus reaches „age of viability‟, the point at which
the fetus can survive outside of the uterus
• Fetus shows better-organized gross motor activity,
and sleepiness/ waking activity
• Towards end of ninth month, fetus is positioned
head-down with limbs curled up in „fetal position‟

9. Teratogens
• External agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals
and radiation that can harm a developing embryo
or fetus.
• Time when organ system or body part is at
highest risk of effects from teratogens is known as
„sensitive period‟.
• Effects of teratogens on a body part or organ
system are worst during the period when that
structure is forming and growing most rapidly.

10. Teratogens
• The same defect can be caused by different
teratogens.
• A variety of defects can be caused by a single
teratogen.
• The longer the exposure or the higher the „dose‟
of the teratogen, the more likely it is that serious
harm will be done.
• The long-term effects of a teratogen often depend
on the quality of the postnatal environment.

11. Subjective Assessment
• When pregnant female comes to you, the kinesiologist,
you should ask:
– Name
– Age
– Medical history
– Genetic history
– Previous surgeries
– Current/past medications
– If they have ever or are using “street drugs” or smoking
– Alcohol/caffeine use
– Occupation and current working status
– Marital status and children

12. Objective Assessment
• When observing the client, evaluate:
– Height
– Weight
– BMI
– Blood Pressure
– General alignment
– Range painful movement

13. Conditions During Pregnancy
• Constipation
– Affects half of pregnant women
– Causes:
• increase in progesterone
• the colon absorbing more water
• worse in first 13-14 weeks
– Treatment:
• Drink plenty of fluids
• Eat high fiber foods
• Take fiber supplements – psylium husks, Metamucil,
Ex-Lax
• EXERCISE!

14. Conditions During Pregnancy
• Fatigue
– Almost all women report increased fatigue in the 1st trimester.
– Causes:
• Body is working harder
• More levels of progesterone,
– Treatment:
• Take naps
• Drink plenty of fluids, but avoid fluids 2-3hr before
bed. Lac
• Exercise
• Gentle stretches before bedtime can help prevent
nighttime cramping
• Eat foods rich in protein

15. Conditions During Pregnancy
• Back Ache
• Many women experience back aches during 2nd and 3rd trimesters
– Causes:
• Poor posture
• Extra weight
• Change in centre of gravity
• Hormones
– Treatment:
• Pay attention to posture
• Exercise
– Swimming
• Pillow support in bed
• Ask for assistance when lifting heavy objects
• Heat/cold
• Massage

16. •
Benefits of Exercisefitness
Maintenance/improvement of maternal
During
• Pregnancy
Control of excess weight gain
• Improved posture and appearance
• Increased energy
• Improved sleep
• Decreased incidence of back pain
• Improved self-esteem
• Decreased incidence of varicose veins
• Decreased water retention
• Decreased level of tension
• Possible decrease in complications during labour
• Shortened labour
• More rapid postpartum recovery

17. Disadvantages of Not Exercising
• Studies have shown that women who exercise do not
experience an increase in:
– Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)
• When the membranes that hold the amniotic fluid
break too early.
– Congenital Abnormalities

18. Risk Reduction
 Pre-Eclampsia (Toxemia)
Occurs only during pregnancy and the postpartum period
Affects 5-8% of all pregnancies
Causes blood vessels to constrict resulting in high blood
pressure and a decrease in blood flow to organs and uterus.
Having high blood pressure before pregnancy puts you at risk,
also having a BMI of 30 or more
Characterized by high blood pressure and presence of protein
in the urine
Symptoms: excess swelling of hands and feet, headaches,
changes in visions, vomiting blood, ringing in the ears
Occurs in the 2nd or 3rd trimesters

19. Exercises During Pregnancy
• Low impact aerobics
• Water aerobics
• Walking
• Kegels
• Pilates
• Yoga
• Cycling
• Swimming

20. Kegels
• Help prepare body for labour
• Kegel exercises are easy to do - can be
done anywhere
• Kegels help strengthen the pelvic floor
muscles
• Many women do kegel exercises to prevent
incontinence

21. Yoga (prenatal)
• Help with breathing and relaxation
• Promote feelings of well-being
• Energizing
• Stress relief
• Improve posture
• Meet others who are facing the same challenges
• Note: Avoid positions lying on the back

22. Walking
• Vary the intensity
• Less impact on the knees and ankles
• Easy way to start exercising
• Supportive shoes
• Water bottle
• Spray bottle
• Maintain good posture

23. Exercises to Avoid During Pregnancy
• Ball sports
• Contact sports: ultimate fighting, wrestling, football
• Sports that involve bouncing, leaping, a sudden change of
direction (increased joint laxity from hormones make joints
susceptible to sprains)
• Exercises that put you at risk for falls: rollerblading,
horseback ridding, skiing
• After 1st trimester avoid exercise in the supine position
• Lying in the prone position
• Lifting heavy free weights

24. Contraindications to Exercise
• Pregnancy induced hypertension
• Premature rupture of membranes
• Preterm labor during the prior or current pregnancy
• Persistent 2nd or 3rd trimester bleeding
• There should be an evaluation to determine whether an exercise
program is appropriate if the woman has conditions such as:
– Cardiac disease, constrictive lung disease
– Chronic hypertension
– Severe anemia
– Chronic bronchitis
– Extreme obesity
– Extreme underweight
– History of an extremely sedentary lifestyle
– Orthopedic limitations
– Heavy smoker

25. Recommendations for Exercise
• Beginners
– non weight bearing activities pose the least risk of injury
– 20 – 30 minutes of activity a day at a comfortable pace
• Previously active women
– participation in aerobic activities are generally safe
– Exercise in high altitudes is not recommended
• Running
– can be continued late into pregnancy to maintain fitness, less than
45 min
• Weight training
– light weights and moderate reps will maintain flexibility and muscle
tone and reduce the risk of joint/ligament injury
• Should be able to converse while exercising – vigorous exercise offers
no benefits during pregnancy, only more complications
• Listen to your body – stop if you feel breathless, nausea, dizzy, tired
• Pulse should NEVER exceed 140 beats per minute!

26. Recommendations for Exercise
• Positions/Posture:
– Avoid lying on your back after 12th week of pregnancy
– Abdominal exercises
– Avoid standing for long periods
– Avoid back swaying (lordosis) – cat back stretch,
strengthen abdominals
– Rounded upper back (kyphosis) – chest stretches,
upper back strengthening
– Avoid valsalva maneuver – increase blood and intra-
abdominal pressure
– Avoid lying in the prone position after the 1st trimester