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2. What is a barrier to communication?
Anything that prevents a message from being
conveyed.
Synonymous in many ways with noise
A barrier is usually of human rather than
technological origin
Human barriers are less visible but more
consequential
3. Common barriers to communication:
Apparent ‘cause’ Practical Example
Socio- cultural Message from organisation misinterpreted by members of a
particular group
Psychological Message from external stakeholder ignored due to ‘groupthink’
Organizational Message coming down from the organization are at times
given too much interpretation
Physiological Message in an internal report not received due to blindness
Economic Message not available to a public sector organisation due to
lack of resources
Technological Message not delivered due to technical failure
4. SOCIO- CULTURAL BARRIERS
An individual can be a carrier of culture but one
person cannot create culture
By participating in a culture we are confirming
to social norms, whether implicitly or implicitly
Similarly, there are norms in communication
too, e.g.- gestures, the meaning of a color, tone
of speech and meaning of symbols
These norms can also be barriers to
communication
6. Key socio- cultural elements
Group think- Social phenomenon which occurs
when group behavior dominates and stifles the
decision making process.
Characterized by-
Similarity and hidden differences
Reliance on shared rationalizations
Collective patterns of defensive avoidance
Lack of vigilance
Suppression of worrisome defects
Unwarranted optimism
7. Conflicting values and beliefs
Stereotyping and ethnocentrism
Language and jargon
8. PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS
Those barriers relating to the individual and the
individual’s mental and emotional state
Key psychological barriers-
Filtering
Perceptions
Faulty memory
Poor listening skills
Emotional interference
12. ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS
Such kind of barriers relate to the organization’s
structure, culture, patterns of work and
communication flows
13. Most common organizational barriers-
Information overload
Message competition
Information distortion
Message filtering
Conflicting messages
Communications climate
Status differences
Structural problems
14. Overcoming Bias in Language
Example Unacceptable Preferable
Gender bias Salesman Salesperson;
Sales representative
Manpower Workforce; Workers
Man-made Artificial; Manufactured
Ethnic bias Jim Wong is an
unusually tall Asian
Jim Wong is very tall
Disability
bias
Crippled workers
face many barriers
on the job
Workers with physical
disabilities face many
barriers on the job
15. Overcoming the barriers
Taking the receiver more seriously
Thinking more clearly about the
message
Delivering messages skilfully
Focusing on the receiver
Using multiple channels and
encoding
Securing appropriate feedback