A slide show from the second class of a course titled Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems, which is part of the Certificate for Global Sustainability at the University of California Los Angeles Extension program.
Hybridoma Technology ( Production , Purification , and Application )
UCLAx C2C Class 2
1. c 2c
Cradle to Cradle
Closed Loop Systems
UCLA Extension V5018
January 14, 2010
Kevin Foster O’Donnell
fundamentalist @ threadcollaborative
2. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
transition template
industrial age
ecology energy society economy
green
greener
greenest
sustainable age
3. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
transition template
industrial age
ecology energy society economy
green
greener
greenest
sustainable age
4. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
5. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Energy Consumption per SF
source: 1995 Energy Information Administration
60
50 53
40
36
30
27
20
19 Average for all commercial
15 buildings - 13.4 kWh/sf
10 12
8 7
5 4
0
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6. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Energy Consumption per SF
source: 1995 Energy Information Administration
60
40 kWh/sf greater
53 than the average
50
40
400%
36
30
27
20
19
Average for all commercial
15 buildings - 13.4 kWh/sf
10 12
8 7
5 4
0
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7. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
U.S. Largest Retailers
source: 2008 Corporate web sites & Hoovers
Retailer Stores Total SF Area in Chain
Wal-Mart 4,091 923,136,390
Home Depot 2,215 287,950,000
The Kroger Company 3,645 144,483,350
Costco Wholesale 513 68,229,000
Target Corporation 1,537 295,202,368
Sears Holdings 3,800 342,000,000
Walgreens Company 5,858 82,012,000
Lowe’s Companies 1,425 165,300,000
CVS Corporation 6,200 71,300,000
Safeway Incorporated 1,755 80,730,000
31,039 2,460,343,108
8. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
2,460,343,108 sf
x 13.4 kWh
insanity
9. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Alaska
Delaware
Hawaii
Idaho
Maine
32,968,597 mWh Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Mexico
32,500,630 mWh North Dakota
Rhode Island
South Dakota
Utah
Vermont
West Virginia
Wyoming
10. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
World Energy
source: 2005 Energy Information Administration
of World Energy 24%
used by U.S.
buildings
17%
11. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Energy Conservation
source: 2008 Energy Efficiency in California Report, California Energy Commission
14,000
12,000
United States 2005 Differences
= 5,300kWh/yr
10,000
= $165/capita
8,000
6,000 California
4,000
2,000
0
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Per Capita Electricity Sales (not including self-generation)
(kWh/person) (2006 to 2008 are forecast data)
12. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Embodied Energy
source: Cole and Kernan
Material Btu/lb. Material Btu/lb.
Baled Straw 6,499 Mineral Wool Insulation 395,365
Stone (local) 21,685 Glass 430,564
Concrete Block 24,388 Fiberglass Insulation 820,524
Concrete 35,199 Steel 866,534
Lumber 67,696 PVC 1,895,615
Brick 67,696 Copper 1,911,832
Gypsum Wallboard 165,185 Paint 2,526,565
Particle Board 216,665 Linoleum 3,141,298
Aluminum (recycled) 219,367 Polystyrene Insulation 3,168,389
Steel (recycled) 240,990 Carpet (synthetic) 4,007,832
Plywood 281,658 Aluminum 6,147,204
13. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Embodied Energy
source: Cole and Kernan
Material Btu/lb. Material Btu/lb.
Baled Straw 6,499 Mineral Wool Insulation 395,365
Stone (local) 21,685 Glass 430,564
Concrete Block 24,388 Fiberglass Insulation 820,524
Concrete 35,199 Steel 866,534
Lumber 67,696 PVC 1,895,615
Brick 67,696 Copper 1,911,832
Gypsum Wallboard 165,185 Paint 2,526,565
Particle Board 216,665 Linoleum 3,141,298
Aluminum (recycled) 219,367 Polystyrene Insulation 3,168,389
Steel (recycled) 240,990 Carpet (synthetic) 4,007,832
Plywood 281,658 Aluminum 6,147,204
14. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Embodied Energy
source: Cole and Kernan:
15. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
17. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Common Material Pollutants
Pollutant Uses Health Risk
VOC Building materials, textiles, furniture, Hormone disruption,
finishes cleaning products, dust autism, neurotoxicity
Formaldehyde Building materials - wood products Cancer
Mercury Fluorescent light fixtures, thermostats Reproductive
damage
PVC Building materials, finishes, upholstery Endocrine
disruption, cancer
Flame Retardants Building materials, furniture Reproductive
damage
18. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Life Cycle Assessment
Input Output
Source Extraction Raw Materials Atmospheric Emissions
Raw Materials Manufacturing Waterborne Wastes
Fuel Packaging & Transport Solid Wastes
Energy Use & Maintenance Co-products
Recycle or Waste Other Releases
19. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Life Cycle Assessment
Bamboo
Input Output
Source Extraction Raw Materials Atmospheric Emissions
Raw Materials Manufacturing Waterborne Wastes
Fuel Packaging & Transport Solid Wastes
Energy Use & Maintenance Co-products
Recycle or Waste Other Releases
20. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Life Cycle Assessment
Vinyl
Input Output
Source Extraction Raw Materials Atmospheric Emissions
Raw Materials Manufacturing Waterborne Wastes
Fuel Packaging & Transport Solid Wastes
Energy Use & Maintenance Environmental Hazards
Recycle or Waste Landfill Hazards
21. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
January
Introduction
Transition Template
Community Engagement
Jason Panneton Visit
Project Introductions
Eliminate Toxins
Ray C. Anderson Event
Required Reading
Profile Presentations 1
22. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
February
Waste Reduction
InterfaceFLOR Field Trip
Story of Stuff
Resource Preservation
John Stein/Kirei USA Visit
Required Reading
Profile Presentations 2
Life Cycle Analysis
MBDC Visit
23. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
March
Steelcase Field Trip
Required Reading
Profile Presentations 3
Closed Loop Systems
AIGA Visit
Required Reading
Disassembly Project
24. UCLA Extension Winter 2010
Disassembly Project V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems
Class 2 UCLA Extension
Instructor Information
Disassembly Project
Kevin O’Donnell, fundamentalist and founder @ threadcollaborative
contact: teaching@threadcollaborative.com
Project Overview
Students will bring to class a found object of their choice. They will disassemble it completely and catalogue all of its
components, identifying all of the various types of materials encountered. They will then delve into the research
phase, where they will gather detailed information on these materials. Students will then present a report on what the
materials are and what is required for each of them to be manufactured. In the process, they will learn about
embodied energy, embodied water, biological nutrients, technical nutrients, and many other topics. Students will also
be asked to envision future lives for all components and materials. A final presentation of disassembly,
documentation, and research will occur on the last day of class in front of a visiting review group.
Phases
The project tasks will be separated in the following phases:
• Discovery: Students will seek out an everyday object, preferably one they use routinely without thinking deeply
about its manufacture or make up. The size of the object is not critical. More important is the complexity of the
manufactured components. An object with few parts or a limited number of different materials will not yield enough
research and future potential.
• Disassembly: Students will carefully disassemble the object. It will be critical to break down the object into all its
individual component parts.
• Catalogue: Students will catalogue and document, in detail, the disassembly process and all the disassembled
parts of the object. The manner of documentation is up to each individual student, but the chosen method must be
easily communicated and/or shared with other students.
• Trace: Since few companies today manufacture every individual component of their products, each student will be
required to trace the history of each part. It will be very important to do a trace of all materials used. Students must
trace the material back to its most likely point of origin. A key part of cradle to cradle thinking is understanding that
some manufactured components have future technological value, and others can serve as biological nutrients.
Students will research the technological or biological potential of all parts.
• Analysis: Students will be asked to explore the uses of the individual components. Are they unique to this object or
product? Are they standard components found in other objects or products?
• Proposal for Revision: A critical aspect of cradle to cradle thinking is determining how materials can have
additional lives by being reused, reclaimed, and salvaged. To understand how this might happen, students will
evaluate each part and components of their object and envision other potential uses or functions. Since some
currently manufactured components cannot have a second live and are potentially hazardous, their disposal or
treatment must also be explored.
25. UCLA Extension Winter 2010
Profile Presentations 1 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems
Class 2 – Materials & Resources UCLA Extension
Instructor Information
Profile Presentation 1
Kevin O’Donnell, fundamentalist and founder @ threadcollaborative materials & resources
contact: teaching@threadcollaborative.com
Project Overview
Most designers only have a passing knowledge of material or product background. To understand how to implement
cradle to cradle strategies you need to have more detailed knowledge of how materials are harvested, extracted,
manipulated, processed, and manufactured. Students will be asked to select a material/resource, perform research,
analyze historical importance, and deliver their findings in detail before the class as a presentation. Students are
encouraged to select based on personal interest and connection to current work.
Suggested Materials & Resources
No two students may research the same material/resource. They will be chosen on a “first come, first served” basis.
The earlier you select your material/resource, the better. The following are suggestions for potential materials/
resources:
• Aluminum • Glass • Steel • Water
• Wood • Paper • Plastic • Silicone
• Oil • Coal • Fertilizer • Leather
• Ceramic • Ink • Adhesives • Paint
• Stone • Rubber • Cloth • Meat
Feel free to suggest or select your own.
Critical Dates
The following dates are important to keep in mind:
• January 21, 2010: students must select material/resource
• January 28, 2010: presentation to class and delivery of research
Presentation Requirements
• Students must present, in front of the class, a 10 minute synopsis of their research.
• Presentation material should include history, development of use, context, reasons for increased use, key figures,
key advancements in technology that changed the material/resource use, current uses, and more.
54. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from farms to factories
55. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from farms to factories
56. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from farms to factories
57. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from country to city
58. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from country to city
59. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from country to city
60. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Industrial Transition
from country to city
61. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Globalization
extraction close to use
62. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Globalization
extraction close to use
63. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Globalization
the next new labor market
64. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Creating a Mass Market
print
65. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Creating a Mass Market
point to point
66. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Creating a Mass Market
radio
67. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Creating a Mass Market
television
68. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Creating a Mass Market
world wide web
69. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Familiarity
people and companies
70. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
the 100 mile challenge
71. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
100 mile challenge
72. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
growth of the farmer’s market
73. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
fast food
74. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
meat production
75. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
chicken production
76. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
potato production
77. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
wheat production
78. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
plastic production
79. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
paper production
80. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
California agriculture
81. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
California agriculture
field crops - 9%
livestock & poultry - 29%
floriculture - 11%
fruits & nuts - 29%
vegetables & melons - 22%
82. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
California agriculture
83. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Food
is local really local
1500 miles
84. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
LA water usage
residential - 68% commercial - 17%
government - 7%
non-revenue - 4%
industrial - 4%
85. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
LA water usage
Mono Lake
LA aqueduct
Owens Lake
Colorado River Aqueduct
California Aqueduct
Colorado River
LA metro area
86. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
LA water usage
toilet - 11%
washer - 8%
misc. outdoor - 10%
leaks - 6%
shower - 7%
faucet - 6%
dishwasher - 1%
other - 2%
landscaping - 49%
87. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
desert
88. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
arid Mediterranean
89. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Local Landscape
climate appropriate landscape
90. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Homogeneous
fast food
91. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Homogeneous
general merchandise and grocery
92. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Homogeneous
electronics
93. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Homogeneous
home improvement
94. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Homogeneous
community gathering
95. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Community Engagement
local research
96. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Community Engagement
local research
97. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Community Engagement
local research
98. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Community Engagement
99. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Community Engagement
100. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
101. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
102. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Waste Reduction
103. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
104. Class 2 V5018 Cradle to Cradle: Closed Loop Systems UCLA Extension
Class Participation - Required Reading
Cradle to Cradle