The document discusses several key aspects of colonial Latin America including: 1. The Spanish colonies established a system of viceroyalties to administer the colonies and silver mining had huge economic and social impacts. 2. Religion and patriarchy were used to support the system of hegemony and control over the population. 3. There was mixing of cultures and races through the process of transculturation, and the fringes of colonial society had somewhat better conditions for slaves and the emergence of new identities like gauchos. 4. The caste system classified people by their race and mix of European, African and indigenous heritage through many named categories, and people could gain higher status through purchases. Resistance also

1. Colonial Latin AmericaThe Colonial Crucible

3. Colonial Economics
1. What effect did silver have on the economies
and societies of colonial Spanish America?
(60)
2. Viceroyalties were: (61)
3. Brazilian “Mill Lords,” or senhores de ingenho,
were most important because: (62)
4. Settlements in Brazil were: (62)

4. A Power Called Hegemony
5. Hegemony is: (65)
6. Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz helps us understand
the function of hegemony because: (66)
7. Religion controlled Latin American societies in
many ways, including: (67)
8. Some of the ways in which religion supported
hegemony were: (67)
9. Patriarchy is: (68)

5. A Process Called Transculturation
10. An example of transculturation is: (70)

6. The Fringes of Colonization
11. The fringes of colonial
society offered somewhat
better treatment for slaves
because: (76)
12. Río de la Plata eventually
saw an economic boom due
to: (77)
13. Gauchos, Guasos, and
Vaqueross were: (77)
14. The Quilombo of Palmares is
well known because: (80)

7. Race Mixing
15. The caste system in the Americas was:
(83)
16. The practice of selling “gracias al
sacar” was: (85)

8. Spaniard and Indian produce a Mestizo

9. From Spaniard and Mestiza, Castiza

10. Spaniard and Castiza, produce Spaniard

11. Mestizo and Indian makes Coyote

12. Black and Spaniard makes Mulatto

13. Mulatto and Spaniard makes Morisco

14. Spaniard and Morisca makes Albino

15. Spaniard and Albino makes a Black-
Return-Backwards

16. Black and Indian makes Wolf

17. Wolf and Indian makes Zambaiga

18. Zambaigo and Indian makes Albarazado

19. Albarazada and Indian makes Chamizo

20. Chamizo and Indian makes Cambuja

21. From Albarrado and Indian,
a Cachimboreta is born

22. From Indian and Cambuja, a Wolf-
Return-Backwards is born

23. Wolf-Return-Backwards and Indian
makes Hold-Yourself-in-Mid-Air

24. Countercurrents: Colonial Resistance
17. Tupac Amaru II claimed: (88)