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Design Problem in
Chinese Input for Mobile Devices

                   ADS 740 Special Problems in Design, by Yujie Guo (Torry) 
                          Professor Michael Eckersley   Fall semester 2009
Content 
•  Why this project 
•  What is the current design and the problem 
•  How is the future  
why this project
•  The Mme before 3G 
  – Users: they use text message so much…
              The amount of short messages you send per month?  

                                                   1000+ 

                                                   500‐1000 

                                                   300‐499 

                                                   100‐299 
                                                   50‐99 
                                                   under 50 
why this project
•  The Mme before 3G 
  – Users: How’s current input methods?
          Are you saMsfied with the input method?  




                                                     Very saMsfied 
                                                     Good 
                                                     Just so so  
                                                     unsaMsfied 
why this project

•  The Mme before 3G 
  – Manufactories: why they developed so many input 
    methods? 
     •  More than 1,000 ways 
     •  90% market share from foreign companies, where 50% 
        from T9, a US company 
why this project

•  The Mme before 3G 
  – Carriers: what’s their a^tude? 
     •  SMS plans as strategy
     •  Benefits 
     •  Desktop applicaMon soluMon
why this project
•  The Mme before 3G 
  – Carriers: PC applicaMon=IM+SMS to improve the 
    experience
                             No I never use 

                             It saves money 

                             the input is faster 


                             the interface is more friendly 


                             the keyboard is becer 


                              I don’t like switch from computer to phone 
                             when I use computer. 
why this project
•  The coming of 3G 
  – More applicaMon needs text input, input speed 
    could be the stumbling store of communicaMon 
  – User group may changed, a wider age scale 
    challenges the current methods  
The current design and the problems 
•  The design Process of Chinese input 
  – Challenges 
     •  Hardware & sofware constrains 
     •  Language complexity 
  – Research: HCI research in China 
     •  The studied group and regional differences 
     •  Real‐life pracMce and academic knowledge    
  – Implement balance 
     •  “Engineer first” moco   
  – TesMng 
     •  Constrains and limitaMon 
The current design and the problems 
•  Input differences between different device 
   puzzled user 
         Keyboard               Method 
       difference                     difference 




                     Word lib 
                    difference 


                                 Character lib 
                                  difference 
The current design and the problems 
•  The design Process 
•  The design 
  – Keyboard input            Pinyin 
     •  Pinyin                Stock 

     •  Stock 
                              Cang jie 

                              Hand wriMng 
  – HandwriMng input          Voice input 



  – Voice input  
Keyboard input  
•  Popular keyboard input methods 
Keyboard input
A demo of pinyin input 


                             •  By input the English 
                                lecer, certain mapping 
                                to the character will 
                                then display.  
                             •  Use direcMon arrows to 
                                choose the correct 
                                character or word 
Keyboard input
A demo of stock input 

                                •  The lecers on keyboard 
                                   were mapped to stock 
                                   of the character 
                                •  By input right order of 
                                   stock will input the 
                                   character 
                                •  Even same stocks, 
                                   different order refer to 
                                   different character  
Handwriting input
•  You can write on screen 
   and the system “guess” 
   the thing you tend to 
   input 
Voice input

•  Demo of applicaMon 
The current design and the problems 
•  The design Process 
•  The design  
•  The problems 
  – Norman’s 6 points framework 
     •  Conceptual model  
     •  Affordances 
     •  Mapping  
     •  Feedback 
     •  Visibility 
     •  Constraints 
The current design and the problems 
•  The main problems of keyboard input: 
  – Mapping 
  – Physical constraints  
•  The main problems of voice input 
  – Affordances 
  – Cultural constraints 
•  The main problems of handwriMng input 
  – Visibility 
  – feedback  
Keyboard input – ABC/English  
•  Mapping 
Keyboard input ‐Pinyin 
•  Mapping 
Keyboard input ‐Pinyin 
          •  An example of 
             improved Pinyin input 
             by opMmizing the 
             mapping process: 
             intelligent word input 

          •  Depend on the 
             capability of the word 
             library 
Keyboard input ‐ Stroke 
•  Mapping 
Keyboard input ‐ Stroke 
           •  An example of 
              improved stroke 
              input by opMmizing 
              the mapping 
              process 

           •  Depend on the 
              capability of 
              Character library 
Voice input 
     •  Affordances 
     •  Constraints 
     •  The challenge is the 
        local accents 
       – Memory  
       – Library 
       – Response Mme  
HandwriMng input  
•  Visibility 
   – Cursive wriMng 
   – The size of the pad 
   – Character lib 

•  Feedback 
   – The input order is important wrong order to 
     write  a character will not be recognized in some 
     devices   
The future  
•  Coming standard 
  – The standard of Chinese input in Mobile phone 
    would carry out by Department Ministry of 
    InformaMon Industry. 
  – By then, every one want to get a piece of the 
    market should follow the standard.   
  – This informaMon was from newspaper of 2006, 
    February.  
The future  
•  Coming standard 
•  Product ideas 
                                                   accurate handwriMng input 

                                                   accurate voice input 
                                                   easy‐operaMng copy‐paste funcMon. 

                                                   word scan funcMon 

                                                   customize words and phrases 

                                                   auto arrange most common used words 

                                                   magnanimous word library 



    If the following new technologies are applied to Chinese input 
    methods, which do you like to try most?
The future  
•  Coming standard 
•  Product ideas 
•  InnovaMon points 
  – Analyze the current problems 
     •  Keyboard: Mapping, constraints  
     •  Voice: Affordances, constraints 
     •  HandwriMng: Feedback, visibility  
Examples of improved keyboard input 
Examples of improved keyboard 


The BK600 Bluetooth         The O2 Xda Atom Exec send         The G‐tech Bluetooth 
wireless foldable           out this keyboard as a gif        wireless keyboard can be 
keyboard support Palm,      for buying the phone. The         folded as cloth. It is 
Symbian, Win CE these       size is similar with the phone    because it designed by 
3 OS. It only weights       and set as a standard             using cloth, expect the 
200g and a hand size. 2     keyboard. Meanwhile, some         bacery box. This keyboard 
AA baceries would           shortcut keys are added on        weight 68g and the 
provide a long‐Mme use.     the top, such as rotate           bacery can stay for 20 
At the back of the          screen, inbox mail and            hours conMnuous 
keyboard, there’s a         calendar.                         working. It supports most 
stand that can be placed                                      PDA and smart phone 
on a phone.                                                   device.  
Examples of improved handwriMng 




 No more touch pen needed    Touch pad improvement 
Appendix A  Data and the survey used 

 35+ 

30‐34 
                                            Male 
25‐29                                       Female 
20‐24 

         0    5     10    15    20    25 

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Chinese input method