This document discusses the Red Hat Package Manager (RPM), including what it can do, who uses it, terminology, database location, common operations like install, uninstall, query, and upgrade, and various options for those operations. RPM is used to install, manage, and uninstall software packages on Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS and other Linux distributions. It allows adding, removing, upgrading and verifying packages and their dependencies.

1. RPM Redhat Package Manager T Shrinivasan [email_address]

3. Installpkg

4. Rpm

5. dpkg

7. Remove

8. Query

9. Verify

10. Upgrade

12. Fedora

13. CentOS

14. Mandriva

15. SuSE

16. ...

17. RPM Terminology kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.athlon.rpm kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.i586.rpm kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.i686.rpm kernel-source-2.4.18-3.i386.rpm rootfiles-7.2-1.noarch.rpm name-version-release.architecture.rpm

18. RPM Database Dir : /var/lib/rpm # cd /var/lib/rpm # ls total 3534 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1351680 Oct 17 10:35 fileindex.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35 groupindex.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35 nameindex.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2342536 Oct 17 10:35 packages.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35 providesindex.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35 requiredby.rpm #

19. Operations

21. rpm -Uhv xcopilot-0.6.6-3.i386.rpm

22. rpm –e package_name

23. rpm –qa | more

25. Checking for conflicts.

26. Performing any tasks required before the install.

27. Deciding what to do with config files.

28. Unpacking files from the package and putting them in the proper place.

29. Performing any tasks required after the install.

30. Keeping track of what it did.

31. Install Options

32. Examples # rpm -ivv eject-1.2-2.i386.rpm D: installing eject-1.2-2.i386.rpm Installing eject-1.2-2.i386.rpm D: package: eject-1.2-2 files test = 0 D: running preinstall script (if any) D: setting file owners and groups by name (not id) D: ///usr/bin/eject owned by root (0), group root (0) mode 755 D: ///usr/man/man1/eject.1 owned by root (0), group root (0) mode 644 D: running postinstall script (if any) #

33. Examples # rpm -i --test rpm-2.0.11-1.i386.rpm /bin/rpm conflicts with file from rpm-2.3-1 /usr/bin/gendiff conflicts with file from rpm-2.3-1 /usr/bin/rpm2cpio conflicts with file from rpm-2.3-1 /usr/bin/rpmconvert conflicts with file from rpm-2.3-1 /usr/man/man8/rpm.8 conflicts with file from rpm-2.3-1 error: rpm-2.0.11-1.i386.rpm cannot be installed #

35. It executes a pre-uninstall script (if one exists).

36. It checks to see if any of the package's config files have been modified. If so, it saves copies of them.

37. It reviews the RPM database to find every file listed as being part of the package, and if they do not belong to another package, deletes them.

38. It executes a post-uninstall script (if one exists).

39. It removes all traces of the package (and the files belonging to it) from the RPM database.

40. Erase Example # rpm -evv eject D: uninstalling record number 286040 D: running preuninstall script (if any) D: removing files test = 0 D: /usr/man/man1/eject.1 - removing D: /usr/bin/eject - removing D: running postuninstall script (if any) D: removing database entry D: removing name index D: removing group index D: removing file index for /usr/bin/eject D: removing file index for /usr/man/man1/eject.1 #

41. Upgrade

43. Query

44. Query Examples # rpm -q libc libc-5.2.18-1 # rpm -qa | grep -i sysv SysVinit-2.64-2 # rpm -qf /bin/ls Fileutils-3.12-3 # rpm -qp foo.bar rpm-2.3-1

45. Query Examples # rpm -qi rpm Name : rpm Distribution: Red Hat Linux Vanderbilt Version : 2.3 Vendor: Red Hat Software Release : 1 Build Date: Tue Dec 24 09:07:59 1996 Install date: Thu Dec 26 23:01:51 1996 Build Host: porky.redhat.com Group : Utilities/System Source RPM: rpm-2.3-1.src.rpm Size : 631157 Summary : Red Hat Package Manager Description : RPM is a powerful package manager, which can be used to build, install, query, verify, update, and uninstall individual software packages. A package consists of an archive of files, and package information, including name, version, and description.

46. -c — Display the Package's List of Configuration Files # rpm -qc XFree86 /etc/X11/fs/config /etc/X11/twm/system.twmrc /etc/X11/xdm/GiveConsole /etc/X11/xdm/TakeConsole /etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess /etc/X11/xdm/Xresources /etc/X11/xdm/Xservers /etc/X11/xdm/Xsession /etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup_0 /etc/X11/xdm/chooser Query

47. -d — Display a List of the Package's Documentation # rpm -qdcf /sbin/dump /etc/dumpdates /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5 /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/CHANGES /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/COPYRIGHT /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/INSTALL /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/KNOWNBUGS /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/THANKS /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/dump-0.3.announce /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/dump.lsm /usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/linux-1.2.x.patch Query

48. --scripts — Show Scripts Associated With a Package # rpm -q --scripts XFree86 preinstall script:(none) postinstall script: /sbin/ldconfig /sbin/pamconfig --add --service=xdm --password=none --sesslist=none preuninstall script: (none) postuninstall script: /sbin/ldconfig if [ "$1" = 0 ] ; then /sbin/pamconfig --remove --service=xdm --password=none --sesslist=none fi verify script: (none) Query

49. # rpm -qid bash Name :bash Distribution: Red Hat Linux (Picasso) Version :1.14.6 Vendor: Red Hat Software Release :2 Build Date: Sun Feb 25 13:59:26 1996 Install date:Mon May 13 12:47:22 1996 Build Host: porky.redhat.com Group :Shells Source RPM: bash-1.14.6-2.src.rpm Size :486557 Description :GNU Bourne Again Shell (bash) /usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2 /usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/NEWS /usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/README /usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/RELEASE /usr/info/bash.info.gz /usr/man/man1/bash.1 # Finding Documentation for a Specific Package

50. # rpm -qa --queryformat '%10{NAME} %20{GROUP}' | grep -i shells ash Shells bash Shells csh Shells mc Shells tcsh Shells # Finding Similar Packages

51. # rpm -qa --queryformat '%{installtime} %{name}-%{version}-%{release} %{installtime:date}' | sort -nr | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //' rpm-devel-2.3-1 Thu Dec 26 23:02:05 1996 rpm-2.3-1 Thu Dec 26 23:01:51 1996 pgp-2.6.3usa-2 Tue Oct 22 19:39:09 1996 … pamconfig-0.50-5 Tue Oct 15 17:23:22 1996 setup-1.5-1 Tue Oct 15 17:23:21 1996 # Finding Recently Installed Packages

52. # rpm -qa --queryformat '%{installtime} %{name}-%{version}-%{release} %{installtime:date}' | sort -nr| less kernel-source-2.0.18-5 20608472 tetex-0.3.4-3 19757371 emacs-el-19.34-1 12259914 … rootfiles-1.3-1 3494 mkinitrd-1.0-1 1898 redhat-release-4.0-1 22 # Finding the Largest Installed Packages

53. Making Free space Find the documentation files rpm -qda|wc -l for i in `rpm -qda`; do if [ -f $i ]; then echo `ls -l $i|awk -F ' ' '{print 5}'`; fi; done >size

55. Group

56. Mode

57. MD5 Checksum

58. Size

59. Major Number

60. Minor Number

61. Symbolic Link String

62. Modification Time

64. # rpm –initdb

65. # rpm –help|less

66. # rpm --version

68. spec file

70. rpmfind.net

71. dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages

72. freshrpms.net

74. http://docs.fedoraproject.org/drafts/rpm-guide-en/index.html

75. Questions ?