This document appears to be slides from a presentation about Groovy and Grails. The slides cover topics like: the history of Groovy; Groovy's integration with Java; Groovy's syntax including closures, collections, and meta-programming; and Grails' use of Groovy for web application development. Later slides discuss how Groovy is implemented and distributed, and some Groovy features like Grape for dependencies and Power Assert for assertions.

1. JGGUG
Grails/Groovy 3
NTT
2009/9/25

2. NTT
Gr
Grails
JavaWorld Groovy (2004)
Twitter: uehaj
Slide# 2 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

3. Groovy
Groovy
Java
(Groovy Web Console)
3
Slide# JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

4. ( )
( , )
( )
( )
Slide# 4 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

5. Groovy
X Y Z
Z(Y(X)) … ←
X.Y().Z() … →
: Groovy
× println(each(sort(grep({it%2=0},[1,3,2]))))
○ [1,3,2].grep{it%2==0}.sort().each{println it}
Slide# 5 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

6. each/reverseEach/ collect
eachWithIndex/ find/findAll
grep/max/min
reverse/push/pop/join any/every
contains/in/groupBy
flatten/intersect/disjoint
each/keySet/entrySet/
values combinations/
transpose
Slide# 6 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

7. :
ArrayList
println([1,2,3].class)
=>java.util.ArrayList
as :
[1,2,3] as Set // Set
[1,2,3] as LinkedList // LinkedList
[1,2,3].asImmutable() //
Slide# 7 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

8. :
LinkedHashMap
println([a:1,b:2,c:3].getClass())
=>java.util.LinkedHashMap
Map m = [a:1, b:2, c:3]
assert m.get(’a’) == 1 //
assert m[’a’] == 1 //
assert m.a == 1 //
Slide# 8 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

9. map.get(key)
map.put(key, Java
value)
map[’a’]
map[key]
map.a
map.”$key” GString
Slide# 9 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

10. , ,
class City cities
class City {
def name;
def country;
long population;
}
cities = [
new City(" "," ",35676000),
new City(" "," ",19040000),
new City(" = ","
:
Slide# 10 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

11. ( )
/
≒ Java
Closure
println {->}.class
==> groovy.lang.Closure
Slide# 11 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

12. {-> ..}
( )
{-> println ”ABC” }
==>
.call()
{->println ”ABC” }.call()
==> ABC
Slide# 12 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

13. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script
result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result ==
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

14. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10)
result *= 2
}
assert result ==
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

15. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

16. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

17. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == }
{
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

18. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

19. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

20. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

21. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2 (call)
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

22. :
Script.groovy result = 1
10.times {
result *= 2 (result)
}
assert result == 1024
Script Integer (10)
result = 1
10.times { Integer(10) def
result *= 2 times(Closure c){
} c.call() 10
assert result == Integer#times }
{ (call)
(call)
result *= 2 (call)
}
Slide# 13 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

23. :
import javax.swing.*
import java.awt.event.*
f = new JFrame(size:[200, 100])
title = "hello"
b = new JButton(title)
b.addActionListener({println title} as ActionListener)
f.contentPane.add(b)
f.show()
as
1 implements
key,
value
Slide# 14 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

24. ExpandoMetaClass
( )
DSL
:
Slide# 15 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

25. ?
Slide# 16 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

26. ?
Slide# 16 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

27. : ==~ =~
String.replaceAll( )
:/ /
( ) GString $
”ABCDE”
’ABCDE’
/ABCDE/
Slide# 17 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

28. :
String#replaceAll(String, Closure)
"abcDefGhi".replaceAll(/([a-z])([A-Z])/) {fullMatch, g1, g2->
g1 + '_' + g2.toLowerCase()
}
==> "abc_def_ghi"
Java String#replaceAll(String, String) OK($1,$2 )
Slide# 18 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

29. final
:
Slide# 19 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

30. : java.lang.String
final
String
String
Slide# 20 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

31. tr ( )
String#tr()
String.metaClass.tr = {from,to ->
def result = delegate
from.eachWithIndex{it,idx->
result = result.replaceAll(it, to.getAt(idx))
}
result
}
println "abcdef 123".tr("abc ","xyz ")
//==> "xyzdef 123"
Slide# 21 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

32. :
java.lang.String
Slide# 22 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

33. 'ls'.metaClass.exec = { new File(".").eachFile{println it} }
'pwd'.metaClass.exec = { println new File(".").absolutePath }
'env'.metaClass.exec = {
System.getenv().each{k,v->println "$k=$v" }
}
System.in.eachLine {
it.intern().exec()
}
→
: String#intern()
Slide# 23 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

34. Groovy ( 1)
groovyc
Groovy
groovyc jad( )
groovyc jad Java
Groovy 1.6.x
Slide# 24 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

35. Groovy ( 2)
GDK
DGM DefaultGroovyMethods.java(
DefaultGroovyStaticMethods)
<GROOVY_SRC>/src/main/org/codehaus/groovy/
runtime/DefaultGroovyMethods.java
Groovy
ant -Dskiptests=true
GROOVY_HOME
<GROOVY_SRC>/target/install
Slide# 25 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

36. Groovy ( )
Grape(Groovy 1.6-,)
Jar (
)
import @Grab(‘group:mod:ver’) (1.7)
Power Assert(1.7beta1-)
assert
a=5; assert a+Math.max(a+1, 5)+2==12
==>
Assertion failed:
assert a+Math.max(a+1, 5)+2==12
|| | || | |
|11 6 |6 | false
5 5 13
at Script1.run(Script1.groovy:2)
Slide# 26 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25

37. Groovy
DB (GroovySql)
(SimpleTemplate)
XML (XmlSlurper,
XmlParser)
Slide# 27 JGGUG Grails/Groovy 3 / 2009.09.25