1. Presented By: Nazma Vajat
Referencing guideline from Prof. Dr J. Andre Watkins

2.  Apply
the legal and ethical issues
related to research and assignment
writing
 Apply
the Harvard Referencing
Method
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3. Using
another’s work
without giving them credit
& saying that it is your
own work
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4. It’s okay if
I don’t get caught!
Everyone does it!
The assignment
was BORING!
I was too busy to
write that paper!
(Job, big game, too much homework!)
My teachers
expect
too much!
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5. e
ang
ch
fI
I
a
,
rds
wo
ew kay,
f
o
I’m ht?
rig
Wrong! P
araphras
ing
original i
deas with
out
documen
ting
your sour
ce ,
is plagiar
ism too!
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6.  Quoting
 Paraphrasing
 Summarizing
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7. 
In text example
◦ "Finding information in the first place can be hard
enough. Finding it again some time afterwards can be
even harder unless your methods or recording and filing
are thorough and systematic" (Bell, 1993:24).
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8.  To
reword, rephrase, express in other
words
 Abridge,
nutshell
condense, outline, put in a
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9.  Acknowledge
debts to other writers
 Demonstrate the body of knowledge of
which your assignment is based
 Enable the reader to locate your sources
easily
 Evidence to support the points that you
make
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10.  An
alphabetical list
describing each source that
you have used
 References should be
alphabetically listed by
author’s surname
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11. 
Consists of all items contained in the reference list
as well as those read but not quoted in your work
(directly or indirectly)

The Bibliography is placed after the Reference list
at the end of the assignment. Note that normally
the reference list is sufficient to support most
assignments
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12.  Surname,
Initials. Year. Title. Place: Publisher.
R. 2004. Measuring quality of life in
health. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
 O’Connor,
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13. Within ambit of sentence
 According to O’Connor(2004:15), measuring the
quality of life is vital.....

End of sentence
 “Measuring the quality of life is essential”
(O’Connor, 2004:15).

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14.  Surname,
Initials. Year. Title. Place: Publisher.
S.F. & Duel, D.J. 2003. Clinical nursing
skills: Basic to advanced skills. New Jersey:
Pearson.
 Smith,
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15.  Authors.
Year. Title. Place: Publisher.
S.M. et al. (eds.) 2004. Juta’s manual
of nursing: A practical manual. Cape Town: Juta.
 Mogotlane,
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16.  Authors.

Year. Title: subtitle. Place: Publisher
Vithal, R. & Jansen, J. 2010. Designing your first
research proposal: a manual for researchers in
education and the social sciences. Cape Town:
Juta.
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17.  Corporation.
Year. Title: subtitle. Place: Publisher.
Education Programme. 2009. Newborn
care: A learning programme for professionals.
Cape Town: EBW.
 Perinatal
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18. Date. Title: subtitle of the chapter. In:Title
of book. Chapter No. Place: Publisher.
 Authors.
 Aird,
T. 2011. Assessment, interpretation &
management of impaired cognition. In:
Neuroscience nursing: Evidence based practice.
Chapter 9. West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
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19. 
.....management of impaired cognition (Aird, 2011:
Chapter 9).
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20. Year. Title: subtitle. Edition. Place:
Publisher.
 Authors.
S. W. (ed.) 2001. Introduction to health
services management. 2nd ed. Cape Town: Juta.
 Booyens,
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21.  Surname,
Initials. Year. Title. Place: Publisher.
Vol. No.
S.M. et al. (eds.) 2004. Juta’s Manual
of nursing: a practical manual. Cape Town: Juta.
Vol. 2.
 Mogotlane,
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22. Year. Title of article. Title of journal,
volume of journal (Issue number):page range.
 Author.
 Geyer,
N. 2002. Ethics & law: Complaints of
unethical conduct. Nursing update, 26(3): 32-33.
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23.  Author.

Year. Title: subtitle. Degree.
Magerman, Y.N. 2011. Academic factors affecting
learning at a Nursing College in the Western Cape. A
thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Health Science in the Faculty
of Health Sciences at the Stellenbosch University.
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24.  Author/Organisation.
Year. Title of website.
[Online]. Available from: URL. [Accessed
dd/mm/yyyy].
African Nursing Council. 2011. Policies and
position papers of South African Nursing Council.
[Online]. Available from:
http://sanc.co.za/policies
[Accessed19/10/2011].
 South
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25. 
SANC (2013:Online) espouses that policy
documents and position papers are published for
information.

Policy documents and position papers are
published for information (SANC, 2013: Online).
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26. Reference
 Steyn, P. 2000. Project management for sustained
improvement. New York: Wiley.
Citation

According to Steyn (2000:8), (citing James 1999),
project management is an absolute requirement.

Project management is culminating in a dynamic
paradigm shift (James, 1999) cited by (Steyn, 2000:8).
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27. Year. Title of article. Title of newspaper,
Month. Day: page.
 Author.
 Malan,
M. 2013. Health Sector cleared for
surgery. Mail & Guardian, Mar. 15-21:16.
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28. Date. Title: sub-title. Place: Name of
Institution.
 Author.
L . 2006. Midwifery: first module. Cape Town:
Western Cape College of Nursing.
 Hill,
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29.  Title.
Edition. Year. Place: Publisher.
 Bailliere’s
nurses’ dictionary for nurses and health
care workers. 24th ed. 2005. Edinburgh: Elsevier.
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30. 

Author. Year. Topic of conversation. Interviewed
by Initial, Surname. Suburb, City.
Williams, T. 2011. Healthcare in the community.
Interviewed by L. Jordan. Nyanga, Cape Town.
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31. Departments
 Country.
Name of department. Year. Title. Place:
Publisher.
 South
Africa. Department of Home Affairs. 1980.
Guidelines for chairmen of publications
committees. Pretoria: Government Printer.
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32. Laws
 Country.
Year. Title of act. Place: Publisher.
Africa. 2005. Nursing Act, No. 33 of 2005.
Cape Town: Government Printer.
 South
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33. 

Title: subtitle. Year. Place: Publisher. [format]
Sepsis: managing serious disorders. 2007. New
York: Blanchard & Loeb. [DVD]
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34. Haag, D.E. 1996. Guidelines for writing a dissertation or thesis.
Vanderbijlpark: Vaal Triangle Technikon.
References / Bibliography: Harvard style. 2000. The University
of Queensland Library [Online].
http://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/harvard.php
[Accessed 18 September 2000].
Turabian, K.L. 1996. A manual for writers of term papers,
theses, and dissertations, 6th ed. Chicago: The University of
Chicago Press.
Visser, N. 1989. Handbook for writing of essays and theses,
2ne ed. Cape Town: Maskew Miller Longman.
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