1. Chronic diseases

2. Standard Covered 1.5N- Describe the relationship between poor eating habits and chronic diseases such as heart disease, obesity, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and osteoperosis

3. Agenda Do Now Vocabulary words Heart Diseases Obesity Reflection

4. Do Now! Word of the day: Betray- to disappoint the hopes or expectations of; be disloyal to. Quote of the Day: “ A failure is a man who has blundered, but is not able to cash in on the experience” - Elbert Hubbard

5. Vocabulary Words Coronary Congestive Obesity Diabetes Hypertension Osteoporosis

6. Eating Habits http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/38544661#38544661

7. Heart Diseases Umbrella term used to describe a range of diseases that affect your heart Coronary Artery disease Congestive heart failure Heart attack Used interchangeably with “cardiovascular disease” Is the #1 worldwide killer of men and women Responsible for 40% of all deaths in the U.S.

8. Coronary Artery Disease Develops when your arteries- the major blood vessels that supply your heart with blood, oxygen, and nutrients- become damaged. Usual suspect? Cholesterol-containing deposits What does this mean? When plaque builds up, your arteries narrow which means your heart receives less blood Can go undetected for decades until heart attack occurs.

9. Heart failure Aka- Congestive heart failure, means you heart can’t pump enough blood to meet you body’s needs. Best way to prevent heart failure is to control risk factors: Coronary artery disease High blood pressure High cholesterol (comes from animals) Diabetes Obesity

10. Obesity What is obesity? An excess portion of total body fat A person is considered overweight when there weight is 20% or more above normal body weight? What is “normal” body weight” Let’s take a look

11. Height and Weight Chart

12. Body Mass Index (BMI) Alternative and more common measure of obesity Considered overweight if your BMI is between 25 and 29.9 Over 30 is considered- obese Over 40 is considered- morbidly obese How to calculate BMI BMI can be calculated by multiplying weight (in pounds) by 705, then dividing by height (in inches) twice Let’s google- webmd BMI calculator

13. What Causes Obesity Obesity occurs when a person consumes more calories than he or she burns. For many people this boils down to eating too much and exercising too little. Other factors: Age-metabolism slows down Gender- men burn more energy at rest Genetics- tend to run in families Environmental factors Psychological factors Medication

14. How to overcome obesity 1st- See a doctor 2nd Come up with diet plan 3rd Build a fitness plan 4th Commit to plan Remember- the only time success come before work is in the?

15. Diabetes Different types of Diabetes Type I (Juvenile diabetes) Type II (Adult onset) Gestational (will not cover)

16. Type I Diabetes Type 1 diabetes is a chronic (lifelong) disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin to properly control blood sugar levels. Genetic Predisposition: it runs in your family, so you are more likely to get it. Usually diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults However, you can get it at any age!!

17. Type II Diabetes Is associated with weight gain/obesity It is the most common form of Diabetes Approximately 21 million people have T2d Problem is not production of insulin but proper use of insulin

18. Most Common Amongst African Americans Latinos Native Americans Asian-Americans Native Americans

19. Symptoms Frequent urination Excessive thirst Extreme hunger or constant eating Unexplained weight loss Glucose in urine

20. Symptoms… Tiredness or fatigue Changes in vision Numbness or tingling in the extremities Slow healing wounds or sores High frequency of infection

21. Treatments Monitor Glucose levels Diet, exercise, medication Type I: Daily insulin injections Type II: Weight loss

22. Hypertension Refers to high blood pressure (Hyper=High, Hypo=low) Blood pressure refers to the force of blood pushing against artery walls as it courses through the body Ex: Water hose Leading cause of stroke Normal reading is 120/80 It is normal for your blood pressure to fluctuate

23. Symptoms 1 out of 3 people that have hypertension don’t know they have it. May not have any symptoms If blood pressure is extremely high: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Blood in urine

24. Treatment Diet changes Less sodium Medication Exercise Aerobic exercise Limit alcohol consumption Several prescribed drugs are available

25. Osteoporosis What is it? The weakening of bones that can increase the risk of unexpected fractures. A silent disease, often times goes unnoticed until a you fracture a bone Is testing available? Yes, bone density test & dual X-ray Absorptiometry

26. Treatments Because Osteoporosis is difficult to reverse, prevention is the key Vitamins C and D consumption Regular exercise program Muscle strengthening Walking aerobics Prescription drugs can also be taken