2. What is Brain Fingerprinting?
Brain fingerprinting is a computer based
technique for determining a certain information
stored in the brain by measuring brain waves.
Brain fingerprinting is a Technique used to
identify a terrorist or other dangerous person by
measuring the “brain print” of that particular
person..
3. Quick Overview
• Invented By Dr Lawrence A. Farwell.
• It’s a patented technique of proven accuracy
in US government tests.
• Ruled Admissible in one US Court as
scientific evidence.
• It has a record of 100% Accuracy.
5. Types of Stimuli Used
Probes
o Life-experience related
o Relevant to the investigated event -recognizable and
noteworthy only for the subjects who had participated in
the event (MERMER)
o Indistinguishable from the Irrelevants for a subject who
is not knowledgeable about the situation under
investigation
Targets
o Push a button to indicate known image
o Since the relatively rare Targets are singled out in the
task being performed, the Targets are noteworthy for the
subject, and each Target stimulus elicits a MERMER
Irrelevant Stimuli
o information relevant to the crime that the suspect claims
to have no knowledge of
7. Instrumental requirements
•Personal Computer
•A Data acquisition board
•A Graphics card for driving two monitors
from one PC
• A four-channel EEG amplifier system
•Software developed by the Brain
Fingerprinting Laboratories for data
acquisition and analysis.
8. How it works ?
The person to be tested wears a special headband
with electronic sensors that measure the EEG from
several locations on the scalp. The subject views
stimuli consisting of words, phrases, or pictures
presented on a computer screen.
11. Electroencephalography:
Electroencephalography (EEG) is the
measurement of electrical activity produced by
the brain as recorded from electrodes placed on
the scalp.
Scalp EEG is collected from tens to hundreds
of electrodes positioned on different locations at
the surface of the head.
EEG signals(in the range of milli volts) are
amplified and digitalized for later processing.
12. Brain Fingerprinting in India
Brain Fingerprinting in India The Gujarat government has
constituted an eight-member 'ethics committee' headed by a
high court judge, to monitor and establish newly acquired
techniques of crime detection. The technique being perused
by this committee at this juncture is the use of BRAIN
FINGERPRINTING on the accused an suspects in India.
Anand Yagnik, an advocate at the Gujarat High Court and
a member of this committee said : The ethical
considerations to be kept in mind while conducting new
techniques of crime detection like the brain fingerprinting.
13. Phases of brain fingerprintig
Crime scene Evidence Collection
Brain Evidence Collection
Computer Evidence Analysis
Scientific Result
14. Comparisons with other
technologies
• Fingerprints and DNA are available in only 1%
of crimes. The brain and the evidence
recorded in it are always there.
• No questions are asked and no answers are
given during Farwell Brain Fingerprinting.
• Brain Fingerprinting technology depends only
on brain information processing, it does not
depend on the emotional response of the
subject.
15. Other Applications
There are several other areas in which Brain
fingerprinting can be used to make life easier and
can aid mankind in many ways. Key fields where
brain fingerprinting can be used are:
• Counter terrorism
• Criminal justice
• Medical
• Advertising
16. Conclusion
• It would be inappropriate to generalize the
results of the present research because of the
small sample of subjects.
• But the 100% accuracy and high confidence
level of the results, however, provide further
support for results from previous research
using brain MERMER testing.
