1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 09-10 (32)

course System Design for Sustainability

TODAY:
1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN:
THE REFERENCE FRAMEWORK
1.1 Sustainable development and system
innovation
1.2 Evolution of sustainability within design

carlo vezzoli
politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability

Carlo Vezzoli
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy

course System Design for Sustainability
subject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework

learning resource 1.1
Sustainable development and system
innovation
carlo vezzoli
politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability

Carlo Vezzoli

CONTENTS

. a context in strong evolution (and crises)
. the sustainable development
. environmental sustainability
. socio-ethical sustainability
. economic/legislative sustainability
. dimension and quality of change
. system innovation for sustainability

Carlo Vezzoli

A CONTEXT IN A STRONG EVOLUTION

. advent of information and comunication
technologies (technologies of knowledge are at
the based of productivity, competition and power)
. interconnection (people, ideas, images, goods,
money, are circulating like never before)
. network society (not anymore only divided into
independent and isolated nations or
communities)
. enterprises in network (teamwork, networking,
outsourcing, subcontracting, delocalisation,…)
.…

Carlo Vezzoli

A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (1/2)
ECONOMIC CRISIS (AND SOCIAL) 2008-201X:
[STRUCTURAL, NOT JUST FINANCIAL]
. crisis of the industrial model based on material consumption:
services (not products) produce 50% Europe GDP and 75% of
U.S. GDP
. high feedstock„s prices
. global food crisis
. high global inflation
. threat of a recession in the world
. crisis of credit
. crisis of confidence in stock exchange markets
...
. unemployment

Carlo Vezzoli

A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (2/2)

ENVIROMENTAL CRISIS: THE
DISCOVERY OF ENVIROMENTAL
LIMITS (AND IRREVERSIBILITY
HARMFUL EFFECT)

1972: Meadows, Meadows, Randers,
Behrens, Limits to Growth, MIT, USA

> FIRST FORECAST OF A POSSIBLE
GOBAL ECO-SYSTEM COLLAPSE

Carlo Vezzoli

FACING THE DOUBLE CRISIS (TODAY):
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL

危机: CRISIS (危: RISK; "机: OPPORTUNITIES ')
in Chinese (as in other languages), the word crisis
has two meanings, risk and opportunity

. many (rightly) talk about risks
. we should/must (also) talk about opportunities

[the same nature of design is to consider the
opportunities and become its promoter]

Carlo Vezzoli

[about opportunities]
A KEY CONTEMPORARY QUERRY:
WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICAL
CRISIS WHICH ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES?

DO WE KNOW ANY OFFER/BUSINESS MODELS
CAPABLE OF CREATING (NEW) VALUE
DECOUPLING IT FROM THE MATERIALS AND
ENERGY CONSUMPTION?
> significantly reducing the environmental impact
of traditional production/consumption systems?

Carlo Vezzoli

SUSTAINABILITY: INTERNATIONAL PRIORITIES?

"The threat of climate change is serious, urgent and growing."

"The response to this challenge of our generation will be judged
by history, to the point that if we fail, we risk to deliver to
future generations an irreversible catastrophe"

"There is now a widespread understanding of the urgency of
the challenge we are facing. We know what must be done. "

Barack Hussein Obama, USA president, September 22, 2009,
the UN General Assembly

Carlo Vezzoli

EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL PRIORITY

2005-2014: UNITED NATION DECADE ON
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

integrate the principles, values,
and practices of sustainable
development into all aspects of
education and learning

even DESIGN FOR
SUSTAINABILITY starts to be
diffused in the curricula of
design schools

Carlo Vezzoli

THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:
A SOCIAL AND PRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT
that takes place within the limits set by the
“nature” and meets the needs of the present
without compromising those of the future
generation within a world-wide equitable
distribution of resources
. 1987: Our common future, WCED, ONU (first definition)
. 1991: Caring for the earth, UNEP, WWF, IUCN
. 1992: conference ONU, Environment and development, Rio de Janeiro
. 1994: fifth environmental action plan, European Commission
…
. 2002: summit ONU, Sustainable development, Johannesburg
. 2006/2009: Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS), European
Commission
. 2005-2014: Decade UNESCO “Education for Sustainable development”

Carlo Vezzoli

THE SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL
- not to exceed the biosphere and geosphere
“resilience”
SOCIO-ETHICAL
- same resources (satisfaction) level for future
generations
- equity in the distribution of resources (satisfaction)
ECONOMIC (AND LEGISLATIVE)
- economically practicable and prosperous solutions

Carlo Vezzoli

THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

[THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE]

THE HARMFULNESS/IRREVERSIBILITY OF THE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS/EFFECTS

Carlo Vezzoli

serra
greenhouse effect

Carlo Vezzoli

ozono

ozone layer deplation
Carlo Vezzoli

eutrhophication

Carlo Vezzoli

acidification

Carlo Vezzoli

t
o
x
i
c
i
t
Carlo Vezzoli
y

wastes
rifiuti

Carlo Vezzoli

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS

PRESERVE THE RESOURCES
PREVENT THE POLLUTION

Carlo Vezzoli

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: SCENARIOS

BIO-COMPATIBILITY
resources flows compatible with the natural system

NON-INTERFERENCE
“self-financing” of the artificial system‟s resource
flows

DEMATERIALIZATION
reduction of the resources flows to satisfy a
particular social demand of needs and desires

Carlo Vezzoli

SOCIO-ETHICAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUITY PRINCIPLE [UN, Johannesburg, 2002]
“every person, in a fair distribution of resources, has a right to
the same environmental space, i.e. to the same availability of
global natural resources”
(or better, to the same level of “satisfaction” that can be
achieved from these resources in different ways)

SOCIAL EQUITY AND COHESION [EU, SDS, 2006/2009]
“promotion of a democratic, socially inclusive, cohesive,
healthy, safe and just society with respect for fundamental
rights and cultural diversity that creates equal opportunities
and combats discrimination in all its forms”

Carlo Vezzoli

THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIMENSION: ACTIONS
ERADICATING POVERTY

Rome, 11.2009: World Summit on Food Security, FAO

Carlo Vezzoli

THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIM.: (OTHER) ACTIONS

[. eradicating poverty]
. promotion of principles and rules of democracy
. promotion of human rights and freedom
. achievement of peace and security
. access to information, training, employment
. respect for cultural diversity, regional identity

Carlo Vezzoli

ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

ECONOMIC PROSPERITY [EU, SDS, 2006]
promote a prosperous, innovative, knowledge-rich,
competitive and eco-efficient economy
which provides high living standards and full and high-
quality employment

Carlo Vezzoli

ECONOMIC (LEGISLATIVE) SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS

PROPER ATTRIBUTION OF THE COSTS TO RESOURCES
environmental resources‟ costs “internalisation”

ORIENTING (MAIN) ONGOING TRANSITIONS
interconnection, glocalization, services, information, etc.

ENHANCING PROMISING (OF NICHE) ECONOMIC MODELS
e.g. sustainable system innovation or distributed
economies

Carlo Vezzoli

SUSTAINABILITY: SIZE OF CHANGE

IN 50 YEARS A WORLD-WIDE EQUITABLE SYSTEMS
OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION SHOULD USE
~90% LESS RESOURCES THAN THE
INDUSTRIALISED CONTEXTS ARE DOING TODAY

. 1993: Wuppertal institute,vari report
. 1993: WBCSD, Getting Eco-Efficient
. 2004: Meadows, Meadows, Randers, Behrens, Limits to
Growth: The 30-Year Update
. 2007: IPCC, Climate change report
…

Carlo Vezzoli

SUSTAINABILITY: QUALITY OF CHANGE

RADICAL CHANGE (“DISCONTINUITY”)
PROMOTE (EVEN) SYSTEM INNOVATIONS

DIFFUSED INNOVATION
PROMOTE PLAUSIBLE AND “ATTRACTIVE” (SYSTEM)
INNOVATIONS

Carlo Vezzoli

SYSTEM INNOVATIONS
from the process and product innovation
to the system innovation:
innovation of the mix of products and services
that are together able to fulfil a particular demand
of (customer) “satisfaction”, as well as the
innovation of the interaction of the stakeholders
of the related “satisfaction system (or value
production system).

“A value system includes the value chains of a firm's supplier
(and their suppliers all the way back), the firm itself, the firm
distribution channels, and the firm's buyers (and presumably
extended to the buyers of their products, and so on).”
[Michael Porter, 2006]

Carlo Vezzoli

AN EXAMPLE OF
(SUATINABLE) SYSTEM INNOVATION

Carlo Vezzoli

ARISTON + ENEL: PAY-PER-USE

payment is based on number of
washes and includes: delivery of a
washing machine at home (not
owned), electricity supply (not directly
paid), maintenance, up-grading and
end-of-life collection.

the innovative interaction between the two
companies and the client, make the companies‟
interest to design and provide (and design) high
efficient, long lasting, reusable and recyclable
washing machines
Carlo Vezzoli

SYSTEM INNOVATION: CHARACTERISTSICS

WIN-WIN POTENTIAL: SYSTEM ECO-EFFICIENCY
innovation in which is the company/companies‟
economic and competitive interest that leads to an
environmental impact reduction (system eco-
efficiency)

STAKEHOLDERS‟ INTERACTIONS INNOVATION
radical innovation, not so much as technological
one, but rather as innovative
interactions/partnership/services among the
stakeholders of a particular satisfaction system

Carlo Vezzoli

1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 09-10 (32)

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