This is presentation that talks about various forest ecosystems and flora and fauna prevailing there. It has simple language, points format and tabular columns for easy understanding. It also contains pictures.

1. F L O R A A N D F A UN A
FOREST ECOSYSTEM

2. WHAT?
• An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting
organisms and their physical environment.
• A forest ecosystem is a terrestrial unit of living organisms
(plants, animals and microorganisms), all interacting
among themselves and with the environment (soil,
climate, water and light) in which they live.

3. A FOREST:

4. FACTORS OF AN ECOSYSTEM
ABIOTIC FACTORS BIOTIC FACTORS
Sun: Provides light for
photosynthesis
Producers: Plants that are a
source of food and/or O2
Soil: Provides minerals and
nutrients for plants(producers) to
grow.
Primary Consumers: Herbivores
that feed on producers
Water: Helps in Photosynthesis,
hydration of flora and fauna,
maintains optimum climate
Secondary Consumers:
Carnivores that feed on primary
consumers and/ or other
secondary consumers
Air: Provides CO2 for
photosynthesis and O2 for
respiration
Decomposers: Organisms that
decompose dead matter and
supply minerals and other
substances for the improvement
to the soil

5. FOOD WEB
• Within a food web there are ‘predators’, that is, animals
that hunt and prey on smaller animals for a source of
food. In a food chain, the transfer of energy begins with
the producer and ends with the highest order consumer,
as follows:
• tree → insect → mouse → owl → eagle
• However, in a food web the interaction between
organisms becomes more complex.

6. FOR EXAMPLE:

7. TYPES OF FORESTS
Deciduous Forests
Tropical Rainforests
Coastal Forests
Coniferous Forests

8. FAUNA AND WILDLIFE
CATEGORY
DECIDUOUS
FOREST
TROPICAL
RAINFOREST
COASTAL
FOREST
CONIFEROUS
FOREST
Primary
Consumers:
Rodents,
Squirrels,
Insects, Birds,
Deer
Insects, Slugs,
Humming
Birds,
Squirrels, Deer
Deer, Rabbits,
Squirrel, Birds,
Insects
Moose, Elks,
Birds, Insects,
Small
Rodents,
Secondary
Consumers:
Possums,
Raccoons,
Snakes, Foxes
Frogs, Birds,
Rodents,
Spiders,
Rodents,
Raccoons,
Spiders
Birds, Skunks,
Owls,
Weasels,
Foxes
Tertiary
Consumers:
Cougars,
Bears
Hawks, Owls,
Foxes,
Jackals,
Tigers
Eagles, Owls,
Tigers
Wolves, Lynx,
Bears

10. DECIDUOUS FORESTS
• Trees here have large, flat leaves that drop off in the fall
and new leaves grow in spring
• Leaves change colour with the seasons
• These grow in places with hot, wet summers and cool,
dry winters.

11. A GLIMPSE…

12. TROPICAL RAINFOREST
• These trees grow in places that are hot and wet all year.
• Trees are very tall and leaves are always green
• The forest has three layers: canopy, understory, forest
floor.

13. SNEAK PEEK…

14. COASTAL FORESTS
• Grows in places where there is lots of rain.
• Temperature is not too hot or too cold, just cool.
• Has three layers: canopy, understory, forest floor

15. A GLANCE…

16. CONIFEROUS FOREST
• Grows in places with very cold winters and cool summers
• The leaves look like needles so they don’t need much
water
• Seeds grow in cones
• Get less rain than all the other forests

17. A VISUAL…