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Lymphatic System
• Overarching 
functions: 
defends against 
infection and 
disease, and 
returns tissue fluid 
to the bloodstream
PG-Lady!
Components of the Lymphatic System
Lymphatics
Lymphatic 
Capillaries
Notes handout
Terminal End of Lymphatic Vessel
Notes handout
Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System
Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System: 
Another view
Notes handout
Lymph Node
Lymph Node
Other Lymphatic System 
Structures
Notes Handout
Tonsils
Peyer’s patches in the distal ileum. PPs seen in a 20-years-old man during 
ileocolonoscopy. Note that PPs form a lymphoid ring in the distal ileum.
Appendix
Notes Handout
Thoracic Cavity with 
Thymus
Thymus
Thymus: Cross-section
Notes handout
Location of Spleen in Abdominal Cavity
Spleen
Spleen: Cross-section
Lymphocytes
Notes handout
Origins of Lymphocytes
T cell Maturation 
Lymphoid cells 
migrate to the 
thymus
Mature lymphocytes are transported 
to peripheral tissues by circulation in 
the blood
Origins of Lymphocytes: 
Lymphopoiesis

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Lymphatic system

Editor's Notes

  1. Image from - http://www.3dscience.com/3D_Models/Human_Anatomy/Male_Systems/Male_Lymphatic.php The Lymphatic System = one of the least familiar organ systems
  2. Primary functions: The production, maintenance, and distribution of lymphocytes. The return of fluid and solutes from peripheral tissues to the blood. The distribution of hormones, nutrients, and waste products from their tissues of origin to the general circulation. Interacts with cells and tissues of other systems to defend the body against infection and disease. Maintaining the constancy of the fluid around each body cell is possible only if numerous homeostatic mechanisms function effectively together in a controlled and integrated response to changing conditions.
  3. Remember the levels of organization. The lymphatic system includes the following 4 components: Vessels Fluid Lymphocytes Lymphoid tissue & organs
  4. Lymphatic trunks
  5. lymphangiogram
  6. Lymphatic vessels = LYMPHATICS
  7. Image from -http://www.pc.maricopa.edu/Biology/pfinkenstadt/BIO202/202LessonBuilder/Immunity/index.html
  8. Lymphoid nodules – collections of loose connective tissues and lymphocytes; example = tonsils
  9. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/iji/2010/823710/fig1/ From Encyclopedia Britannica: Peyer patch, any of the nodules of lymphatic cells that aggregate to form bundles or patches and occur usually only in the lowest portion (ileum) of the small intestine; they are named for the 17th-century Swiss anatomist Hans Conrad Peyer. Peyer patches are round or oval and are located in the mucous membrane lining of the intestine. They can be seen by the naked eye as elongated thickened areas, and their surface is free of the projections (villi) and depressions (Lieberkühn glands) that characterize the intestinal wall. Usually there are only 30 to 40 patches in each individual. In young adults they may be more numerous, and as a person ages they tend to become less prominent. Their full function is not known, but they do play a role in immunologic response and contain B and T cells similar to those found in peripheral lymph nodes.
  10. T Cells constitute 70-80% of the circulating lymphocytes. Other T Cells reside in lymphatic organs and tissues, particularly abundant in lymph nodes, thoracic duct, and white pulp of the spleen. B Cells constitute 20-30%n of the circulating lymphocytes.