6. Enlightenment & Our Founding FathersGodfrey Kneller’s 1689 portrait of Isaac Newton (age 46)
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8. The maternal family (Ayscough or Askew) was educated and felt Isaac should have at least a basic education, so he attended school during his mothers absence.3
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15. His journals take another turn as he begins to view Descartes, and Plato as attempting to remove God and spirit from the operation of nature . His studies lead him in the opposite direction and he sees these authors as enemies of Christianity.
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17. His most consequential theological belief was that only the Father was God in an absolute sense.Christ was not ”very God” according to Nicene formulation, but the Son of God, and more than man.4
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19. He left Cambridge in 1665-1667 to escape the plague and work on “fluxions” (now called differential calculus). He calls the time as “the prime of my age for invention”It is during this time and the next 2-3 years that he prepares his premier piece which became known simply as the “Principia”
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21. Newton’s fascination with Biblical prophecy culminates in his publication of his manuscript on the apocalypse.
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23. His “Natural Philosophy”could almost be called “Deist” were it not for his firm belief in a God who intervened in our lives through Christ as His mediator. But his idea of primitive Christianity had only two commandments: “Love God and love your neighbor” any others could naturally be derived from these.6,11
24. Newton’s Arian Christology ,along with his view on “natural philosophy giving rise to natural law “ fit well with the humanistic ideals being spread amongst the European elite, and became part of the foundation of the Age of Enlightenment.6
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26. The Enlightened view permeating amongst the elite of Europe and colonial America was that “religious” practice was not a relevant factor in following Natural Law.
27. Masons often comment about the “Enlightend “ or “Almighty Creator” and we know that several of our founding fathers were both masons and strongly influenced by the French ideals of the Age of Enlightenment.16
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29. At its core was a critical questioning of traditional institutions, customs, and morals, with a strong belief in rationality and science, as well as the centrality of freedom, and democracy as primary values for society. It argued for an establishment of a contractual basis of rights that would lead to a free market system and capitalism, religious tolerance, and the organization of states into self-governing republics.16
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32. Gleick, James. “Biography of Sir Isaac Newton” First Vintage Book Edition, June 2003, Random House, Inc.
33. Westfall, Richard S. “The Life of Sir Isaac Newton” Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1993
34. Chew, Robin. “Sir Isaac Newton,” On line version of the Encyclopedia Britannica, 1995-2010
35. Hatch, Dr. Robert A. “Biography of Sir Isaac Newton,” University of Florida