2. Intake and Output
INTAKE:
• In hospital, the amount of fluid ingested or infused in a given
period by a patient or health care professionals is recorded. Its
include:
1. Nasogastric tube or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
2. Per oral
3. Intravenous infusion or blood product.
• Intake is measured and noted in milliliters.
4. OUTPUT:
The amount of fluid which is eliminated by body.
1. Urine
2. Vomitus
3. Drainage
4. NG aspiration
5. Watery Stool
• Output is measured and noted in milliliters.
5. AGUIDETO ROUTINE FLUID INTAKE MEASUREMENT
Standard measures to be used for fluid balancerecord atAKUH.
For maintainingintakeand outputmeasurement, the capacityof the
followingcontainersis set out here:
S.NO NAME OF CONTAINERS SERVING CAPACITY TOTAL CAPACITY
1. Soup /Tea Mug 200ml 250ml
2. Water Glass 250ml 250ml
3. Cereal Bowl 210ml 260ml
4. Dessert Bowl 110ml 150ml
5. Soup Bowl 210ml 300ml
6. Soup Flask 250ml 280ml
7. Tea Cup 250ml 250ml
8. Salad Bowl 230ml 270ml
9. Enteral Feed Glass 250ml 250ml
10. Crystal Glass 220ml 250ml
.
By AKUH
8. OTHER MEASUREMENTS
UTENSILS IN MILLILITRES
1. ONE OWNCE 30 ML
2. ONE TEA SPOON 5 ML
3. ONE TABLE SPOON 15 ML
4. ONE MEDICATION CUP 30 ML
5. ONE PINT 500 ML
6. ONE LITRE 1000 ML
10. POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
BALANCE CONCEPT:
• If input is greater than output so, its called positive balance.
E.G : Total intake is 2000 ml and Total output is 1600 ml
2000 – 1600 = 400
400 is positive balance.
• If output is greater than input so, its called negative balance.
E.G : Total intake is 1500 ml and Total output is 2000 ml
1500 – 2000 = - 500
- 500 is negative balance.
• The difference of 500ml or less than 500ml between input and
output is normal but if it is more than 500 ml so, need to be
inform to concern doctor.
11.
12. SCENARIO 1:Mr. XYZ, 40 years old (MR # 012-02-99) is admitted to the D I unit on April 21, 2015 with the
diagnosis of high grade fever. He is on strict intake and output monitoring. Following are the details of
24 hours intake and output. Record the data and result in I/O Sheet provided. Please indicate that
whether the patient is positive or negative balance.
MORNING SHIFT
Time Fluids Amount
1. 0800 hours TEA 200 ML
2. 0820 hours WATER 100 ML
3. 1340 hours URINE 350 ML
EVENING SHIFT
Time Fluids Amount
1. 1500 hours JUICE 200 ML
2. 1755 hours VOMITING 150 ML
3. 2000 hours ORS 100 ML
4. 2200 hours Watery stool
(yellow color)
200 ML
NIGHT SHIFT
Time Fluids Amount
2. 0200 hours WATER 200 ML